Prehistoric Man vs Anatomically Modern Man (or Human)
The Status of Man in Nature. Prehistoric Man vs Anatomically Modern Man (or Human): The Grasping ability of Hand can perform two functions; 1. The Power Grip, and 2. The Precision Grip. The image shows the anatomy of the distal phalanx and its relationship with soft structures that are related to refined manipulation of tools or objects held by the Grip. It can provide evidence to make the distinction between Anatomically Modern Man artist and Prehistoric Man artist.The Status of Man in Nature. Anatomically Modern Man (Human) vs Prehistoric Man: Hand has Grasping ability and it provides two kinds of Grip; 1. The Power Grip, and 2. The Precision Grip. Each man can be identified as a specific Individual by gathering evidence from the use of the Precision Grip.
The term ‘man’ has been loosely applied to describe a variety of animal species that belong to Family Hominidae. To understand the status of man in nature, it is important to make the distinctions between Paleolithic, Archaic, Prehistoric or Ancient Man and Modern Man.
Since the term ‘Man’ may cause confusion, a distinction between ‘Man’ and ‘Human’ is all the more important. The Hominids belong to Class-Mammals, Order-Primates, Suborder – Anthropoidea, Superfamily – Hominoidea, Family – Hominidae, Subfamily – Homininae which includes the Genus-Homo and species such as sapiens, erectus, habilis, and etc.,
The members of Hominidae Family show a unique specialization of the lower limb, the pelvis and leg to provide the support for bipedal propulsion of the body in the erect position or vertical gait. In Primates such as apes and monkeys, the feet and toes have the characteristic called prehensility and the Hominids have lost that characteristic.
The Hominids have a large and complicated brain, the visual sense is better developed with a corresponding reduction of the sense of smell. The hand with flattened nails and the true opposability of the thumb can perform two types of grasping function called, 1. The Power Grip and 2. The Precision Grip. The Hominid Family members have intensified mother-offspring relationship due to prolonged infant dependency. While the Hominid brain shows both qualitative and quantitative development, there are significant differences in the areas of the brain concerned with vision, muscular coordination, memory, learning, and communication. Hominids such as the Rhodesian Man and the Cro-Magnon Man had large skulls and their brains were larger as compared to that of Anatomically Modern Man (or Human).
The Hominid Family members share important skeletal features and similarities and yet the same time, the size and shape of the skull can be used to make distinctions between the various species. Similarly, while the skeletal features that contribute to the ability called ‘Precision Grip’ are common, in the use of this Precision Grip each member demonstrates an originality with which the member can be identified as a specific Individual with Individuality.
The Status of Man in Nature. Anatomically Modern Man (Human) vs Prehistoric Man: While the Modern Man (Homo sapiens,sapiens) and Paleolithic Man (Homo sapiens, neanderthalis) Neanderthal have similar skeletal features that contribute to the functional ability called the ‘Precision Grip’, the distinction between the two can be easily made when they perform functions making use of that Grip. A human artist can be distinguished from a Neanderthal artist.
The Cro-Magnon Man and The Modern Man (Human):
The Cro-Magnon Man is often described as Prehistoric Man or Early Man who lived 40,000 to 35,000 years ago. The Cro-Magnon is not a species or subspecies and as such is included in the Homo sapiens, sapiens species. However, there are some important differences between the two.
The Cro-Magnon Man lived during European Upper Paleolithic Period and the fossil remains were discovered in 1868 in the big cave in Occitan, Southwestern France. During the Upper Paleolithic Period, there is evidence of communal hunting, man-made shelters, rock carvings and paintings and primitive belief systems like Magic and the Supernatural. The Cro-Magnon Man was about 6 feet (180 centimetres) tall, had a high forehead, short, wide face, prominent chin and a brain capacity of 1600 cubic centimeters, larger than the average for Modern Man (Human) which is about 1,350 cubic centimeters. He had used flint and bone tools and designed shell and ivory jewelry.
The Status of Man in Nature. Anatomically Modern Man (Human) vs Prehistoric Man: The Cro-Magnon Man is described as Prehistoric Man. His Skull is larger and less rounded in shape as compared to the skull of Anatomically Modern Man. This distinction between the two Species of Man can be made using the evidence generated by the use of the Precision Grip.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: The Cro-Magnon Man is described as Early Man and his skull bones could be easily distinguished from those of Anatomically Modern Man . Apart from the size and shape of the Skull, this distinction between Brain of Anatomically Modern Man and Cro-Magnon Brain can be made by comparing the artistic works of both.The Status of Man in Nature. Anatomically Modern Man (Human) vs Prehistoric Man: The Skull of Anatomically Modern Man is different in its appearance as compared to the Skull of Cro-Magnon Man. The Science of Forensic Anthropology helps to establish the identity of the Modern Human Individual with very high Specificity using several Identification Markings of the Skull and Facial bones.
The Evidence of Precision Grip: Anatomically Modern man (Human) vs Prehistoric Man
The Cro-Magnon Man perished and fortunately we have evidence in the form of Prehistoric Art which includes sophisticated polychrome paintings of exquisite design. Magnificent cave paintings were discovered in Southwestern France and Northern Spain.
The Status of Man in Nature. Anatomically Modern Man vs Prehistoric Man: The Evidence of Precision Grip. Lascaux Cave Paintings belong to the Aurignacian-Perigordian Period, c. 14,000 – c. 13,500 B.C. This artist has not provided sufficient evidence to know the artist as a ‘Moden Man’ or ‘Human’ artist. The object depicted existed in the physical environment that was experienced by the artist.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: The Evidence of Precision Grip. Murals at Rouffignac. The Solutrean-Magdalenian Period, c. 14,000 – c. 9500 B.C. This artist was not a “Human” artist as the objects described by the painting could be found in the physical environment directly experienced by the artist.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: The Evidence of Precision Grip. Niaux Cave Paintings, c.14,000-c. 9500 B.C., The Solutrean-Magdalenian Period. This artist did not demonstrate the potential ability to make a drawing of an object that was not directly experienced. These animals were found in the natural environment experienced by the artist.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: The Evidence of Precision Grip. Cave Paintings of Altamira, Spain, c. 14,000-c. 9500 B.C. The use of the Precision Grip is demonstrated by this artistic drawing. But, the artist was not a Human artist who has the potential ability to draw objects for which there could be no physical basis.
The painting of pictures on the walls of caves or on the rocks is a definitive evidence of the use of Precision Grip and yet it does not constitute the evidence for the specific human ability and characteristic called Writing. The purpose of Writing is not simply about communication using written shapes or signs. It requires the development of specific areas of the brain that are associated with human speech. For example, Broca’s area produces verbs, builds sentences, and predicts what people are going to say. The brain area called Wernicke’s Area attaches meanings, images and feelings to sounds and to individual words. Human Speech and Writing has a spiritual attribute with which it can transcend the limitations set by natural boundaries and it extends across the barriers of Time when the thoughts of the dead and the living reach those not yet born. A Human Artist has the potential ability to draw and depict objects for which there could be no physical basis in the environment directly experienced by that Artist.
The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: THE EVIDENCE OF PRECISION GRIP CANNOT PROVIDE CONCLUSIVE EVIDENCE OF THE PURELY HUMAN ABILITY CALLED WRITING. THE CRO-MAGNON MAN HAD APPARENTLY NOT DEVELOPED THE SPECIAL AREAS OF THE BRAIN THAT ARE IMPORTANT FOR HUMAN SPEECH AND WRITING. THE CHIEF AMONG THE BRAIN AREAS OF SPEECH IS BROCA’S AREA – BRAIN’S SPEECH CENTER.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: THE HANDAXES OF PALEOLITHIC PERIOD. HAND AX APPEARED ABOUT 700,000 YEARS AGO. THE USE OF AX DESCRIBES THE POWER GRIP, THE GRASPING ABILITY OF HAND. BOTH HUMANS AND THE PREHISTORIC MAN SHARE THIS CHARACTERISTIC GRASPING ABILITY.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: THE MESOLITHIC PERIOD (c. 10,000-c. 8000 B.C.) KUNDA TOOLS FOUND IN ESTONIA. THE TYPES OF TOOLS USED GENERALLY HELP US TO KNOW THE ABILITY CALLED DEXTERITY OR THE ABILITY TO MANIPULATE OBJECTS HELD BY THE HAND.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: THE NEOLITHIC PERIOD (c. 8000-c. 3500 B.C.) IS CHARACTERIZED BY POLISHED STONE TOOLS APART FROM POTTERY. THE EVIDENCE FOR A HUMAN ARTIST EMERGES FROM THE DESIGNING OR CRAFTING OF THE TOOLS.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: THE NEOLITHIC PERIOD SHOWS THE DEVELOPMENT AND SPREAD OF MODERN HUMAN CULTURE APART FROM THE INTRODUCTION OF A VARIETY OF TOOLS BEFORE THE BEGINNING OF BRONZE AGE (c.3500-1000 B.C.) ANIMALS CAN BE TRAINED TO USE TOOLS CRAFTED BY MAN. BUT A HUMAN ARTIST INVENTS TOOLS FOR A PURPOSE HE DISCOVERS USING THE POWER OF IMAGINATION.
It is important to make the distinction between the Prehistoric Man and the Anatomically Modern Man (Human) to determine the Status of Man in Nature. The evidence for the Modern Man’s arrival on planet Earth begins in the Mesolithic Period or the Middle Stone Age at the end of the last glacial era, about 10,000 years ago. The Neolithic Period or the New Stone Age is the Old World Cultural Period (c. 8000-c. 3500 B.C.) which is characterized by polished stone tools, pottery, weaving, stock rearing, agriculture, megaliths like the Stonehenge and the first known human writing dates from 6000 B.C.
The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human: THE EVIDENCE OF PRECISION GRIP. MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI (1475-1564), ITALIAN SCULPTOR AND PAINTER WORKED ON THE CEILING OF THE SISTINE CHAPEL FROM 1508 TO 1512 TO CREATE THIS VISION OF PRIMORDIAL HUMANITY FOR WHICH THERE IS NO PHYSICAL BASIS IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF HIS LIFETIME. THIS IS THE EVIDENCE FOR A HUMAN ARTIST. IT DEMONSTRATES THE USE OF PRECISION GRIP, THE HUMAN HAND THAT GRASPED THE PAINTING BRUSH THAT CAN DRAW OBJECTS WITHOUT DIRECT EXPERIENCE OF SUCH OBJECTS.
Among animal species, only ‘Humans’ have the spiritual ability to communicate or describe things that may not exist in their immediate, physical environment. A Human Artist has the potential ability to write or depict objects for which there is no direct sensory experience. To make the distinction between the Prehistoric Man and the Anatomically Modern Man, to discern the difference between Paleolithic Art and Human Art, I categorically assert that only a Human Artist has the potential, spiritual ability to draw and depict objects for which there could be no basis in the physical environment directly experienced by the Artist. To make the equation between Man and Human and to determine the Status of Man in Nature, the use of the Precision Grip provides decisive evidence.
Spirituality Science – The creation of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. The Hebrew word Adam means Man. The Biblical story of Adam and Eve provide the contrast between Human Nature and Human Behavior.THIS IS THE EVIDENCE FOR A HUMAN ARTIST. IT DEMONSTRATES THE USE OF PRECISION GRIP, THE HUMAN HAND THAT GRASPED THE PAINTING BRUSH THAT CAN DRAW OBJECTS WITHOUT DIRECT EXPERIENCE OF SUCH OBJECTS.
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Artist -Whole Designer – Whole Architect: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.The Status of Man in Nature. Man vs Human. Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt provide the evidence for the use of Precision Grip with human imagination.
The Material Basis of Spirituality. What is Matter? and What is Spirit? If materialism is about the influence of money and material wealth, I would like to use the Power/Force/Energy called Money to talk about Life and Death. The Law of Conservation is applicable to both the living, and the non-living matter. If any person can refute my claim using valid, scientific information, I would give the person a US $1,000 bill as a reward.
What it is to be a Substance? and What it is to Exist? We need to establish knowledge about the man on a firm basis and the information it provides must be tested for its accuracy and consistency with an external reality. We have to make the fundamental distinction between the living and the non-living matter. The scientific advances of the 19th and 20th centuries reinforced the materialistic position concerning the basic similarity of organic living and inorganic physical matter. The man is viewed as a product of natural evolution and is thought to be subject to the same laws of Physics and Chemistry or mechanistic principles.
We need a methodology to study philosophy and to understand philosophical statements. Logical Positivism, also known as Scientific Empiricism aims to clarify concepts in both everyday and scientific language. It describes analysis of language as the function of philosophy. This analysis of language and of concepts is important to understand questions of belief and ideology which affect what we think we ought to do individually and socially. I use this method of ‘Applied Philosophy’ to analyze the philosophical doctrine of ‘Materialism’ and to study the views of Greek philosophers and their efforts to interpret human nature and human existence.
What is Man? Plato’s Theory of Human Forms. Greek Philosophers Plato and Aristotle – To understand Man and Human Nature, we must know the Human Form, its actions and behavior.
What is Man? The motivation to ask this question comes from a statement expressed in the Sanskrit language, ‘Sarvesham Svastir Bhavatu’, which seeks the well-being of all humans, of all races, of all cultures, of all religions, and of all nations.
WHAT IS MAN? PLATO’S THEORY OF HUMAN FORMS. THE DISCOVERY OF PEACE, HARMONY, AND TRANQUILITY AS LIVING EXPERIENCE.
Our efforts to support the well-being of Man would be affected by our understanding the ‘real’ or ‘true’ nature of Man. Aristotle describes corporeal substances are composite of two principles, 1. Form and 2. Matter.
It is important to seek a proper understanding of Human Form and to know the truth about Human Nature by describing the Form. Being born relates the man to the Subjective Reality of his physical existence and Human Nature is related to the fact of man’s existence in the physical world and universe. If the Objective Reality of the man is non-material or immaterial, we still need to know as to what exists in the world, and as to how it exists.
Plato’s Theory of Forms – The Dualism of Body and Soul:
Greek philosopher Plato (427 B.C. to 347 B.C.) describes Human Nature by his Theory of Forms. He describes four aspects or dimensions of Man; 1. The Logical Form, 2. The Epistemological Form, 3. The Moral Form, and 4. The Metaphysical Form.
I.The Logical Form: It describes the Physical Being, the Physical Form, and its Identity. Each human being has characteristic physical features using which he can be identified as a member of the genus Homo and he has very specific features that establish his identity that is shared by all the members of a species known as Homo sapiens, sapiens. Members of this species could be further identified as Specific Individuals using the present Identification Technology.
This Specific Individual will not exist with the same identifying features during the entire duration of his physical existence. The Logical Form of Man is impermanent and is subject to constant change and eventual death. However, the existence of this Physical Form is important to support the existence of Man and to know his Human Nature. Existence precedes Human Nature or Essence. The Essence (or, Who You Are) is defined and preceded by Existence (or, What You Do).
Man belongs to a Social Group, and always exists as an Individual with Individuality while his Physical Form changes and passes through various stages such as infancy, boyhood, teenage, adult and old age. The Logical Form is subject to change, decay, and death. Hence, the reality of this Form is often doubted. Plato has not known Man as a multicellular organism and his description of the Logical Form is not based on the study of Human Anatomy and Human Physiology.
II.The Epistemological Form: The term Epistemology deals with the Theory of Knowledge. It describes the possible kinds of Knowledge and the degrees of certainty for each kind of Knowledge. Plato describes the kind of Knowledge that Man can acquire through Education, a process of Learning from Sensory Experience, and teaching imparted by others. Plato expects to obtain full Knowledge of Human Forms through proper Education. In Plato’s view, such Self-Knowledge is important to know the Metaphysical Form of Man. Self-Knowledge leads to an understanding of the man’s true or real nature. Perception of impermanent, material, perishable Human Body is described by Plato as opinion or belief and he considers that such perception is not true Knowledge of Human Form.
Plato has not given attention to Knowledge that is Innate or that is not Acquired by the Learning Process. To perform Living Functions in support of existence, the man uses biological information that is Inherited and not Knowledge that has to be Acquired through Learning.
III.The Moral Form: It describes qualities such as Courage and Justice, the observable aspects of Human Nature described from Human Action and Human Behavior.
IV.The Metaphysical Form: Plato claims that the Metaphysical Form is not perceivable by any of the senses. The Metaphysical Form is the Real Form of Man as compared to the Logical Form which is considered to be unreal. The Metaphysical Form is not present in Space or Time, as it is beyond the World of changeable and perishable things. It belongs to the Realm of Unchanging, Eternal Forms. This Form being True can be fully known through Intuitive Knowledge.
Plato’s Theory of Body-Soul Dualism:
Plato divides Man into two categories; 1. Body – a material entity, and 2. Mind or Soul – a non-material or immaterial entity which can exist apart from the Body. Plato maintains that the Mind or Soul is indestructible, it existed eternally before Birth and will exist eternally after Death.
Plato further describes three parts of Soul as 1. Appetite – the seat of desires and passion such as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire, 2. Reason – the seat of discernment that chooses right from wrong and makes distinctions between good and evil, and 3. Spirit – the seat of self-assertion, self-interest, anger, indignation, and self-pride. Plato considers that the well-being of Man depends on harmonious interactions of three aspects of the Soul. Plato thinks that such harmonious interactions would only be possible when Reason controls both Spirit and Appetite. To strike this balance and to maintain harmony, Man has to obtain Knowledge of Eternal, Unchanging Metaphysical Form.
Plato thinks that Justice is revealed as a Principle of each thing performing the function most appropriate to its nature, a Principle of the proper adjudication of Activity and Being. The Principle of Justice is revealed or discovered in the Individual Human Soul when each part of the Soul performs its proper and appropriate function. Plato believes that Human Soul rules the Human Body. The Rule of Reason is required to combine the virtue of Temperance with Self-Mastery. Harmony results when all elements agree as to which should do what.
The Seven Dimensions of Man:
The study of Man during all stages of his physical existence provides information about Man’s Seven Dimensions or Seven Colors. These are, 1. The Physical, Mortal Being, 2. The Mental Being, 3. The Social Being, 4. The Moral Being, 5. The Spiritual Being, 6. The Created Being, and 7. The Rational Being.
Whole Dude’s Whole Theory of Man defines Man as the ‘Spectrum of Seven Colors’. The Seven Colors or Dimensions of Man are, 1. The Physical, 2. The Mental, 3. The Social, 4. The Moral, 5. The Spiritual, 6. The Creative and 7. The Rational. Isaac Newton could easily verify his ‘Theory of Light’ by conducting his critical experiment in which he used two prisms to breakdown and to reconstitute white light rays. In case of Man, such experimental verification is not possible as Science does not have the capability to breakdown Man and reconstitute him. However, Science provides verified information about the building blocks of life and about basic living functions such as ‘Metabolism’ which essentially involve making, breaking, and repairing ‘Molecules of Life’.
Man–The Spectrum of Seven Colors
Whole Dude’s WholeTheory of Man, The Spectrum of Seven Colors: These Colors or Dimensions are, 1. The Physical, 2. The Mental, 3. The Social, 4. The Moral, 5. The Spiritual, 6. The Creative, and 7. The Rational. Man as a Rational Being studies the Sign in the Clouds to learn about the Creator of Earth and Life on Earth.
For purposes of defining Man the concept of Light Spectrum is useful. Light Spectrum appears continuous with no distinct boundaries. The ‘Singularity’ called Man can be easily witnessed at conception at the stage of Single, fertilized Egg Cell. The study of Man during all stages of his physical existence provides information about Man’s Seven Dimensions or Seven Colors. These are, 1. The Physical, Mortal Being, 2. The Mental Being, 3. The Social Being, 4. The Moral Being, 5. The Spiritual Being, 6. The Created Being, and 7. The Rational Being. Science called Cell & Molecular Biology can account for biomolecules of life and yet do not explain or account for the constitution of Man as a Rational Being.
I view Man as a multicellular organism that naturally hosts trillions of microbes and in fact exists as an interacting biological community or a social group
I view Man as a multicellular organism that naturally hosts trillions of microbes and in fact exists as an interacting biological community or a social group. Man’s existence would be at risk if any of these Seven Dimensions is adversely impacted. Unless we seek clear, visual images of Human Form in all its Dimensions, we will fail to understand Man and his Purpose in Life.
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Self-Whole Dude: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.VITRUVIAN MAN, BY LEONARDO DA VINCI(c. 1492). This picture is used as the cover page for Best & Taylor’s Text Book of Human Physiology. Medical Science and Medical Education is knowledge built upon the foundations of understanding and knowing Human Anatomy ( Structure ) and Human Physiology ( Function).The Material Basis of Spirituality. What is Matter? and What is Spirit? If materialism is about the influence of money and material wealth, I would like to use the Power/Force/Energy called Money to talk about Life and Death. The Law of Conservation is applicable to both living, and non-living matter. If any person can refute my claim using valid, scientific information, I would give the person a US $1,000 bill as a reward
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – ESSENCE – IDENTITY – UNITY – EXISTENCE: DR SARVEPALLI RADHAKRISHNAN’S MOST POPULAR BOOK, INDIAN PHILOSOPHY MAY NOT ACCOUNT FOR THE MEANING OF MAN AS A SUBSTANCE AND FAILS TO DESCRIBE THE BASIS FOR MAN’S PHYSICAL REALITY IN THIS WORLD.
Yes Indeed, Life is Complicated. The complexity of Life involves the fundamental nature of existence. Philosophers and Theologians have for a very long time are using terms such as Soul and Spirit without bothering to clarify the distinction between the Living and the Nonliving Matter and further, they leave things to their readers’ imagination without specifying the Substance that constitutes the Spirit or Soul.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888 -1975). I met this President during his retired life at his residence in Mylapore,Madras (Chennai). I am related to this President on my maternal side. His daughter married my maternal grandfather’s( Dr. Kasturi. Narayana Murty, M.D. Professor of Medicine Madras Medical College, Madras ) younger brother Kasturi. Seshagiri Rao who practiced Law. Mylapore is my birthplace and I grew up there. The reasons for strengthening these connections are as follows: 1. Dr. Sarvepalli studied in Madras Christian College and worked in Presidency College, Madras. My father also studied and worked in Presidency College. I am related and worked with people who studied in Madras Christian College. 2. My father taught Indian History and Sarvepalli Gopal also taught Indian History. 3. Apart from my father, several of my relatives belong to Teaching Profession. 4. As a child, I was aware of Vice President and later President of India in the context of India’s Diplomacy during Cold War Era. 5. The 1962 War happened during his Presidency and Special Frontier Force was formulated during his Presidency. These events shaped my choice to serve in the Indian Army since September 1969. I was granted Direct Permanent Regular Commission in the Army Medical Corps in March 1973 while I served as Medical Officer at Doom Dooma, Assam with Special Frontier Force. Posted by Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.
September 05, President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan’s birthday is celebrated as Teachers’ Day in India. On Friday, September 05, 2026, I want to share my reflections on the philosophy of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan.
In my analysis, President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, like all other Indian thinkers, thinks of Spirit, Soul, or Atman as an immaterial principle and hence fails to examine the Material Basis of Spirit and Soul, or Atman. At a fundamental level, he fails to make the distinction between Physical Matter and Living Matter. He discusses the nature of human form and human body without sharing any thought about the living corporeal substance of the human body and human form.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and the history of Special Frontier Force, Establishment No. 22, Vikas Regiment: In India, school children celebrate Dr. Radhakrishnan’s birthday (05 September) as Teachers’ Day and every year that I spent as a student, I had a special reason to remember my family connection with his daughter.
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888—1975)
As an academic, philosopher, and statesman, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888-1975) was one of the most recognized and influential Indian thinkers in academic circles in the 20th century. Throughout his life and extensive writing career, Radhakrishnan sought to define, defend, and promulgate his religion, a religion he variously identified as Hinduism, Vedanta, and the Religion of the Spirit. He sought to demonstrate that his Hinduism was both philosophically coherent and ethically viable. Radhakrishnan’s concern for experience and his extensive knowledge of the Western philosophical and literary traditions has earned him the reputation of being a bridge-builder between India and the West. He often appears to feel at home in the Indian as well as the Western philosophical contexts, and draws from both Western and Indian sources throughout his writing. Because of this, Radhakrishnan has been held up in academic circles as a representative of Hinduism to the West. His lengthy writing career and his many published works have been influential in shaping the West’s understanding of Hinduism, India, and the East.
September 05. My Musings on President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan’s Philosophy.This photo image shows Vice President Radhakrishnan at his New Delhi residence during 1960. I met President Radhakrishnan at his Mylapore, Madras (Chennai) residence after completion of his term of presidency in 1967. He prefers to read while relaxing in his bed. This is the image, I still carry in my memory.
Radhakrishnan located his metaphysics within the Advaita (non-dual) Vedanta tradition (sampradaya). And like other Vedantins before him, Radhakrishnan wrote commentaries on the Prasthanatraya (that is, main primary texts of Vedanta ): the Upanishads (1953),Brahma Sutra (1959), and the Bhagavadgita (1948).
As an Advaitin, Radhakrishnan embraced a metaphysical idealism. But Radhakrishnan’s idealism was such that it recognized the reality and diversity of the world of experience (Prakrit) while at the same time preserving the notion of a wholly transcendent Absolute (Brahman), an Absolute that is identical to the self (Atman). While the world of experience and of everyday things is certainly not ultimate reality as it is subject to change and is characterized by finitude and multiplicity, it nonetheless has its origin and support in the Absolute (Brahman) which is free from all limits, diversity, and distinctions (Nirguṇa). Brahman is the source of the world and its manifestations, but these modes do not affect the integrity of Brahman.
In this vein, Radhakrishnan did not merely reiterate the metaphysics of Shankara (8th century C.E.), arguably Advaita Vedanta’s most prominent and enduring figure, but sought to reinterpret Advaita for present needs. In particular, Radhakrishnan reinterpreted what he saw as Shankara’s understanding of Maya strictly as illusion. For Radhakrishnan, Maya ought not to be understood to imply a strict objective idealism, one in which the world is taken to be inherently disconnected from Brahman, but rather Maya indicates, among other things, a subjective misconception of the world as ultimately real. [See Donald Bauer, Maya in Radhakrishnan’s Thought: Six Meanings Other Than Illusion (1985) for a full treatment of this issue.]
The Material Basis of Spirituality Science. The Truth about Soul or Spirit. Adi Shankara (c. 788 A.D. – c. 820 A.D.), the founder of the Non-Dualist or Advaita School of Indian Philosophy has shared his ideas about human soul or spirit which is called Atma or Atman in the Indian Sanskrit language. What is the Truth about Soul or Spirit?
President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan just like Adi Shankara is fully convinced in his belief that ‘A’ (Soul or Spirit, or Atman) and the human body ‘B’ are not connected or related. It must be noted that, ‘A’ or “Aham” refers to a singular person called ‘I’ and that singular person ‘I’ is in a state called ‘Being’, one who lives, or exists. If ‘A’ is stated to be existing as an entity called I am, I would like to ask the following questions:
1. Who is Existing?
2. What is Existing?
3. When it is Existing?
4. Where it is Existing?
5. Why it is Existing?
If the Subject ‘A’, or “Aham” (I am), has no size, no shape, and no form, how could we establish the fact that ‘A’ is existing?
Adi Shankara/ Dr Radhakrishnan fail to categorically state the place or site where Spirit, Soul, or Atman could be existing.
If ‘A’ is existing, we may like to know the purpose of this existence. If there is a purpose for the existence of ‘A’, the question would be, What is that purpose? How is the nature of ‘A’ or the nature of ‘C’ (Ultimate Reality or God) is related to its purpose?
The Truth and Reality about human Soul, or Spirit, or Atman can be verified, can be corroborated, and can be validated by knowing the structural, functional, mental, moral, social, and spiritual relationship, partnership, connection, association, or bonding between ‘A’ (Soul), ‘B’ (Body), and ‘C’ (God). Indian tradition suggests that the human body has three aspects; “Tri-ani-pada”, or three-in-one; and the three aspects of human body are, 1. Causal, 2. Spiritual, and 3. Material. In my analysis, there is a material connection between ‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’, if the human body has a ‘causal, and a ‘spiritual’ dimension.
It is very interesting to note that Adi Shankara and Dr Radhakrishnan specifically avoid to describe the connection or relationship between the human Soul and the human Consciousness. In the Sanskrit language, Consciousness is called Chetana and this term is not explored to study the conscious dimension of the human body. Indian tradition believes that consciousness is the evidence for the presence of the human Soul and for that reason, there is a structural and functional relationship between Soul and the Living human entity that is Conscious.
The philosophy of the Indian President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. What is Spirit? The Discovery of India – The Indian Traditional Greeting known as ‘NAMASKAR’ represents the essence of Indian Culture.
In any case, Hinduism cannot be defined as the Religion of the Spirit. In my experience, most Hindus worship Mother Earth as the physical manifestation of the Absolute (Brahman). In my analysis, the Spirituality of the Hindu experience always includes a Material Basis to account for the relationship between Man, Earth, and God.
We need to explain the concepts of Subject-Object, Appearance-Reality, Perceptual-Categorical, Immanent-Transcendent, Regulative-Constitutive, Conditioned-Unconditioned Dualism in respect of man’s existence and man’s status in Nature.
September 05: President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan fails to examine the Material Basis of Spirit, Soul, or Atman.
We need a methodology to study philosophy and to understand philosophical statements. Logical Positivism, also known as Scientific Empiricism aims to clarify concepts in both everyday and scientific language. It describes analysis of language as the function of philosophy. This analysis of language and of concepts is important to understand questions of belief and ideology which affect what we think we ought to do individually and socially. I use this method of ‘Applied Philosophy’ to analyze the philosophical doctrine of ‘Advaita’ and to study the views and philosophy of Adi Shankara and his efforts to interpret the true or real identity.
In the study of a man, the know-er and the known are one. Man is the observer and the observed fact is that of Man’s nature. If Man has to know the truth about his true or real self, he has to understand the truth and reliability of his own cognitive powers. If the Subject called Man is identified as an Object called Soul, or Spirit, the Truth or Reality of Soul, or Spirit involves a structural/functional relationship between the Subject and its Object.
September 05. My Musings on the Philosophy of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. Man’s Existence is shaped by Flat Earth with Arched Dome Experience.
Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan’s metaphysics fails to account for the existence of the Spirit in the physical, material, terrestrial, or immanent realm called Earth. Just like Shankara, Radhakrishnan claims that the Absolute (Brahman) is identical to the true or real Self (Atman) without clarifying the structural and the functional relationship between the human body and its indwelling Soul, Spirit, or Atman.
In any case, Hinduism cannot be defined as the Religion of the Spirit. In my experience, most Hindus worship Mother Earth as the physical manifestation of the Absolute (Brahman). In my analysis, the Spirituality of the Hindu experience always includes a Material Basis to account for the relationship between Man, Earth, and God.
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
September 05: President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan fails to examine the Material Basis of Spirit and Soul, or Atman.Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Self-Whole Spirituality: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.
Whole Designer – Life is Neither Created Nor Destroyed by Man
Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Matter and Spirit: Baruch (Benedict) Spinoza( 1632-1677) Dutch philosopher taught that there is but one infinite substance called God or Nature having infinite attributes. He held that mind, and body as merely different aspects of a single substance. In his view, God is Nature in its fullness.
Matter is an actual substance that has properties such as mass or weight, and occupies space. Matter has other attributes like motion, size, shape, and a form by which it may be recognized. Materialism is defined as a system of thought that explains the nature of world as entirely dependent on “matter” the final reality. Materialism as a philosophical doctrine deals with matter as the only reality and that everything in the world, including thought, will, and feeling can be explained only in terms of matter.
Baruch (Benedict) Spinoza, Dutch philosopher taught that there is but one infinite substance, God or Nature, having infinite attributes of which only thought and extension are knowable. He was excommunicated from his Jewish community. He held that mind and body as merely different aspects of a single substance. In his view, God is Nature in its fullness. Matter is immutable or indestructible, and Spinoza explained the indestructibility of matter is established by the uncreated and eternal nature of God. “By Body”, Spinoza writes, “I understand a mode which expresses in a certain and determinate manner the essence of God in so far as He is considered as the thing extended.”
This philosophical doctrine of Materialism is used in modern times to explain that comfort, pleasure, and wealth are the only goals or values of human life and human existence. The idea of materialism is used to contrast it with the spiritual, or intellectual goals, or values of human life. In my view, man will not be able to define his purpose in life if there is separation of matter, and spirit.
Man is a physical being with matter and form. To define the goals, or values of human life, man must understand what it is to be a substance and what it is to exist. If matter and spirit are separated, and if there is no unity between matter and spirit, human life would be simply impossible. The word or term ‘Spirit’ is associated with characteristics such as immutable, immortal, immovable, imperishable, indestructible, immaterial, eternal, and unchanging, or constant nature of a substance which withstands the influence of time If God is uncreated and is eternal, Spirit is a natural extension of that God’s nature and shares the same attributes. To recognize the spiritual potential of a substance, we have to understand the nature of matter.
The Laws of Conservation – “Life is neither created nor destroyed”
Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Matter and Spirit: If materialism is about the influence of material wealth, I would like to use the Power/Force/Energy called Money to talk about Life and Death. The Laws of Conservation are applicable to both living, and non-living matter. Hence, it can be stated that “Life can neither be created nor destroyed.” If any person can refute my claim using valid, scientific information, I would give the person an US $1,000 bill as a reward.
If materialism is about the influence of material wealth, I would like to use the Power/Force/Energy called Money to talk about Life and Death. The Laws of Conservation are applicable to both living, and non-living matter. Hence, if matter can neither be created nor destroyed, it can be stated that “Life can neither be created nor destroyed.” If any person can refute my claim using valid, scientific information, I would give the person an US $1,000 bill as a reward.
The Laws of Conservation of Matter:
Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Matter and Spirit: Antoine Laurent Lavoisier (1743-1794) French chemist and physicist, the founder of modern Chemistry. He gave the name Oxygen to the gaseous chemical element discovered by Joseph Priestley. He discovered the composition of Water molecule. He formulated the Law of Conservation of Mass.
Chemical elements are the fundamental materials of which all matter is composed. There are about 107 known chemical elements. Chemical elements can combine with one another to form a wide variety of more complex substances called compounds. The number of possible compounds is infinite; perhaps a million chemical compounds are known. When two or more elements combine to form a compound, they lose their separate identities and the product has characteristics quite different from those of the constituent elements. The gaseous elements hydrogen and oxygen with quite different properties can combine to form the compound water which has altogether different properties from either hydrogen or oxygen. Most of naturally occurring matter represents physical mixtures of compounds. The indestructibility of matter was explained by Lavoisier as the Law of Conservation. “We may lay it down as an incontestable axiom,” Lavoisier writes, “that in all the operations of art and nature, nothing is created; an equal quantity of matter exists both before and after the experiment.” What appears to be the destruction of a body is merely the transformation of its matter into another physical condition, without loss of mass unless there is an equivalent gain in energy. The total quantity of matter and energy remains constant throughout all physical changes. Material substances undergo changes when they interact with other material substances, but this “change” cannot be described as the permanent reality. The permanent reality describes the unchanging, or constant nature of chemical elements and molecules in spite of their tendency to interact with other elements and molecules.
Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Matter and Spirt: Water is the simplest and most abundant of all the molecules found in all living matter. The chemical composition of living matter reveals 70 to 80 percent water. At the same time, water can exist as simple, physical, or non-living matter. I claim that water molecule has the potentiality to constitute living matter because of its spiritual nature. Under the influence of time, living matter is transformed into molecules of non-living matter and yet the properties of molecules is fundamentally conserved allowing the change to proceed in either direction.
The Laws of Conservation are any of the several principles applied in Physics and Chemistry that state that certain properties of an isolated system remain constant with time. Each Law signifies that the nature of a substance or thing that does not change with the passage of time. However, it must be noted that change is the pervasive phenomenon of the natural world. It is said that, “Things in Nature Change with Time.” Although matter may change its form, or shape under the influence of time, its mass always remains the same. The Law of Conservation of Mass implies that matter can be neither created nor destroyed, that is, processes that change the physical, or chemical properties of substances within an isolated system leave the total mass unchanged. Similarly, The Law of Conservation of Energy implies that energy can be neither created nor destroyed, although it can be changed from one form (mechanical, kinetic, chemical, etc.,) into another form such as heat, or the energy consumed in the performance of work. In an isolated system, the sum of all forms of energy therefore remain constant. Every conservation law concerns a collection of two, or more objects, isolated from external influence, for which some physical quantity remains unchanged in time, or is conserved, quite apart from the details of what goes on between the interacting particles within the system. An important function of conservation laws is that they make it possible to predict the macroscopic behavior of a system without having to consider the microscopic details of the course of a physical process or chemical reaction. The fundamental character of these conservation laws is evident in the fact that each law may be deduced from or related to a symmetry property of space and time. The symmetry property of space and time determines the periodic frequency with which a natural change occurs while the nature or properties of things is conserved to allow the change to repeat itself in an expected manner.
What is Spirit? Unchanging Nature in a Changing World:
WholeDude – WholeDesigner – Matter and Spirit: Many important biological processes involve Redox or Oxidation and Reduction Chemical Reactions. These chemical reactions reveal a dynamic process that is the characteristic of both Life and Death. If Life is explained by a series of chemical reactions, the same process continues into Death.
Natural Science, and Natural History is about the natural phenomenon called change. The systematized knowledge of Biological Sciences provide us with information about extinction which is the most common phenomenon in planet Earth’s Natural History. Earth has witnessed several major, and minor episodes called extinction during which certain life forms got wiped out. While extinction is driven by climate change and its associated environmental change, life continues to exist on Earth without any apparent change in the chemical composition of living matter. Extinction involves the loss of forms and it does not involve a change in the nature of the corporeal substance that has the potential called Life and is known as Living Matter. In other words, it may be stated that if a change is observed in the natural world, it is always supported by an underlying, unchanging principle. While living things are born and die at the end of their lifetime, the matter, or the corporeal substance which has the potential to establish Life remains unchanged and its nature is conserved and is not affected by time. Under the influence of the cyclical flow of time, individual, living things are born and are dying while the Principle of Conservation maintains the unchanging nature of things that constitute Life or Living Matter. Life is established by a vital, animating principle called Spirit; the presence of Spirit can be related to the unchanging or immutable nature of Matter that gets the nature called Eternal, or Immortal, or Imperishable or Indestructible that overcomes the limitations imposed by Time and Space. The Magic of Creation involves the use of a design, or plan to introduce the abilities such as thought, will, feelings, and cognition into matter that reveals their presence or absence while passing through stages like Life and Death. The same chemical elements, chemical compounds, and chemical reactions operate in the state called living and death and both are maintained by the same unchanging nature of Matter and Spirit. In my opinion, it may not be correct to regard Spirit as separate from Matter. It will not be correct to separate man into physical body or matter, thinking substance or mind, and immaterial substance called Spirit.
There is no human existence if there is disunity or separation of Matter, Spirit, the Body, and the Mind. The uncreated, Eternal, Spiritual nature of God that is shared by Spirit and Matter would lead us to claim: “Life can neither be created nor destroyed.”
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
What is Man? Spirituality and Self-Realization. Fulfillment or Establishment of Human Life primarily involves acquisition of Matter and Energy from an External Source.
Dr. Edward Osborne Wilson,American biologist, an expert in the Study of Ants(Myrmecology), former Professor of Zoology, Harvard University, founder of Sociobiology, has studied the genetic basis of the social behavior of all animals including humans. He had presented his theories about the biological basis of Social Behavior in his book, Sociobiology : The New Synthesis(1975). The biological basis of Social Behavior must include the study of the Behavioral Ability of the Living Substance.
Dr. Edward Osborne Wilson is recognized as the world’s leading authority on ants. He is the foremost proponent of Sociobiology, the study of the genetic basis of the social behavior of all animals including humans. In his book, Sociobiology: The New Synthesis (1975) he presents his theories about the biological basis of social behavior. It involves the application of the Theory of Evolution to the study of animal and human social behavior. It holds that the Theory of Evolution by ‘natural selection’ applies to behavior in the same way that it applies to structure and physiological functions. He holds that behavior patterns are genetically determined and are governed by the process of ‘natural selection’. Accordingly, he explains that social behavior relies upon the principle that genes are able to influence behavior and will be selected if the behaviors they encourage contribute ultimately to the reproductive success of the individual carrying those genes. The ‘Darwinian Fitness’ of an organism or a gene is a measure of the ability of that organism or gene to project copies of itself into future generations. Because, ‘natural selection’ would influence genetically controlled behavior, he believes that individuals will tend to behave in ways that maximize their ‘Darwinian Fitness’. However, he attributes 10 percent of human behavior as genetically induced, the rest being attributable to environment.
In my analysis, it could be indeed true that some behavioral abilities depend on underlying genetic mechanisms which support the neural and hormonal mechanisms that are required in the performance of actions by organisms. Dr. Wilson recognizes the essentially biological principles on which animal societies are based and could apply those principles to human social behavior. One of Dr. Wilson’s most notable theories is that a characteristic such as ‘altruism’ could be genetically based and may have evolved through the process of ‘natural selection’. Dr. Wilson maintains that altruistic behavior is consistent with ‘natural selection’ in that the sacrifice is made to save closely related individuals who share many of the sacrificed organism’s genes.
Altruism and Sociobiology:
Ants, approximately 8,000 species of the Insect family Formicidae ( Order Hymenoptera )are social in habit and live together in organized colonies. Worker ants are maximally ‘altruistic’ and devote their whole lives to caring for the Queen to reproduce, constructing and protecting the nest, foraging for food, and tending the larvae while they are sterile. The worker ants display unselfish concern for the welfare of others and they have no chance to reproduce.
The term ‘altruism’ (French – altruisme) was coined by Auguste Comte, the founder of Positivism and Sociology. It is considered as antithesis to Egoism. Altruism is behavior that benefits others at some cost to the individual displaying altruistic behavior. Social scientists refer to altruism as the behavior of an individual who consciously comes to the aid of another, without expecting anything in return. Such behavior is influenced by empathy, an emotional response that results from being aware of another person’s emotions. In Ethics, altruism is described as a theory of conduct that regards the good of others as the end of moral action. It describes unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
However, biologists view altruism as any behavior that reduces the ‘Darwinian Fitness’ (reproductive success) of the altruist while increasing the fitness of another. It is common for animals to share food, help provide for another’s young, defend others against predators, and give alarm calls when a predator appears. Such animal altruism is common and it does not require psychological abilities and functions like sharing of emotions, feelings, and thoughts. Altruism as a behavior is not always a psychological function or ability. It is displayed as pure altruism in the social behavior of worker bees, ants, and wasps.
Spiritualism – The New Synthesis:
Spiritualism and Materialism: The Theory of Spiritualism describes Spiritualism as the Potency that brings the essence and existence of man to come together to establish the reality of man’s biological existence in the physical, material realm. It requires understanding of Biotic interactions, the interactions within the individual organism, among members of the same species and among members of different species of organisms.
It must be understood that behavior is a fundamental characteristic of life and of all living entities. All species, whether single-celled protozoans or the largest of mammals possess the capacity to respond to stimuli in their environment. This ability called responsiveness is the fundamental attribute of all kinds and types of behavior.
Psychologists like B.F. Skinner tend to focus on the learned components of behavior and stress the importance of environment and its influence on behavior. Biologists like Konrad Lorenz tend to focus primarily on the analysis of the innate components of behavior. Sociobiologists tend to recognize the role of genes and the influence of environment and describe that behavioral abilities depend on underlying genetic mechanisms that develop the structures and physiological mechanisms that are important to display a given behavior. It may be noted that both Psychologists and Biologists are describing behavior in the context of social relations and interactions between individual and groups of living organisms. Living things behave in ways to maximize their chances of survival.
In the entire animal kingdom, most living organisms display parental or social instincts. All animals display social behavior. There is no animal that is ever completely isolated from some kind of environment that includes members of the same species or other species. Animals form parental societies to care for their offspring. Bacteria come together to live as colonies. Hence, it will be important to recognize social behavior that is displayed by individual living cells.
I define Spiritualism as the capacity or the biological ability of an individual living cell to formulate harmonious relations with others and to participate in or contribute constructively to changes in the social environment. The potency called Spiritualism is reflected in the biological functions of Consciousness and Intelligence.
Red Blood Cells – Altruism – Spiritualism – The New Synthesis: Unlike most cells of the human organism, mature Red Blood Cells do not have nuclei, have no mitochondria, and have no other organelles. The Red Blood Cells cannot divide and reproduce and lead a short life while they exist to support the life and survival of trillions of other cells in the body.
At a cellular level, the social aspect of Consciousness is reflected by the biological abilities of the cell such as association, cooperation, communication, recognition of other living cells in its immediate environment, and performing actions which have characteristics of functional subservience to provide benefits like survival and reproductive success to other cells. A very good example of Spiritualism is that of altruism displayed by the mature Red Blood Cells of the man. The mature Red Blood Cells have no nuclei and hence cannot divide or reproduce. Each Red Blood Cell has a very limited life span of its own. They sustain their meagre energy needs by a form of anaerobic respiration as they do not have mitochondria like the trillions of other cells of the human body. The Red Blood Cells are passive in nature and they simply exist to provide Oxygen to other cells and tissues, collect Carbon Dioxide while being swept along by the blood stream. Since the mature Red Blood Cells have no nuclei, their behavior is not operated by genes or genetic mechanisms which could be important in their formation, development, and maturation. The social aspects of the Red Blood Cell behavior is related to the spiritual nature of its living substance.
I ask Biologists to give attention to the nature, functional abilities of the living substance apart from the consideration of genes and genetic mechanisms. It may be very clearly understood that the nucleus, the chromosomes, and the genes have no independent existence of their own and they perform their cellular functions while they derive energy and nutritional support from the living substance or Protoplasm that has the biological abilities of Consciousness, and Intelligence which is reflected in its properties like responsiveness, the power of nutrition, and reproduction.
Spiritualism is the Science of New Synthesis; the New Synthesis that formulates the relationships between Substance, Structure, Function, Heredity of a Living Organism and its Environment, Behavior, and Social Community.
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
Spiritualism – The New Synthesis. The Behavior pf the Red Blood Cell can be described as Altruism. Red Blood Cells are packed with hemoglobin. Each Red Cell contains over 600 million hemoglobin molecules.Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Spirituality-Whole Synthesis: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.
What is Man? – The Scientific Study of Animal Behavior
What is Man? Theory of Human Nature.The Vitruvian Man c. 1492. The painting by Leonardo da Vinci promotes Spirit of Scientific Inquiry of Human Nature.
What is Man? The motivation for asking this question comes from a statement expressed in Sanskrit Language.
WHAT IS MAN? THEORY OF HUMAN NATURE RELATES TO MAN’S PURSUIT OF PEACE, HARMONY, AND TRANQUILITY IN HUMAN LIVING EXPERIENCE.
“Sarvesham Swastir Bhavatu,” Shanti Mantra seeks the well-being of all humans, of all races, of all cultures, of all religions, and of all nations. My Theory of Human Nature draws inspiration from Man’s pursuit of Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility in Human Living Experience. Our efforts to support the well-being of Man would be affected by our understanding the ‘real’, or ‘true’ Nature of Man.
All human traditions including several philosophical and scientific traditions make assumptions about Human Nature. The basic assumption about Human Nature is that of finding it displayed in feelings, thoughts, moods, action, and behavior. I try to study Human Nature from the functional characteristics that are observable in interactions of cells, tissues, and organs that constitute the Human Organism. Man is a Multicellular Organism, and I discover Human Nature of Subject who lives, taking into account functions of the cells, tissues, organs and organ systems providing the structural basis.
The Key to Human Nature – Evolution vs Creation:
What is Man? Theory of Human Nature. Charles Darwin’s great contributions to Biology: “The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection: Or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle of Life” (1859), The Descent of Man (1871), The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872).
Man’s “Evolution” from ape-like ancestors is thought to be the key to our true Human Nature. Ethology or the scientific study of Animal Behavior is based on the Theory of Evolution. In order to explain human condition, Ethological Theories of Human Nature appeal to the “evolutionary” past of man.
What is Man? Theory of Human Nature. Konrad Zacharias Lorenz ( November 1903 to February 1989 ), Austrian Zoologist, founder of modern Ethology, Scientific Study of Animal Behavior by means of comparative zoological methods. He won the Nobel Prize for Physiology along with two other Animal Behavior experts.
Lorenz sees Man as an animal who has evolved from other animals. He thinks that Human Behavior is subject to the same causal Laws of Nature as all Animal Behavior. Many patterns of Animal Behavior show “hereditary coordination” or “instinctive movements” that are innate rather than learned. The ‘instinctual’ Behavior is fixed and may not be eliminated or altered by the environment. Instinct is inherited and it is essentially unlearned Behavior. Some of the most important aspects of Animal Behavior are innate.
Lorenz studied the nature of instinctive behavioral acts. The instinctual Behavior is caused by a ‘drive’ which causes the Behavior to appear spontaneously. The “four big-drives” are Feeding, Reproduction, Flight, and Aggression. Very often, Behavior is activated by two or more basic drives. To account for an instinctive Behavior Pattern in a Species, reference is made to Survival Value it has for the genes responsible for that Behavior. To explain the existence of any particular organ or Behavior Pattern, Lorenz looks for its Survival Value for the given Species.
In his book, “On Aggression” (1963), he explains the Natural History of Man’s Aggressive Behavior. He considers that Man has an innate drive to Aggressive Behavior towards his own species like many other animals. Fighting and warlike Behavior in Man have an inborn basis. He seeks an evolutionary explanation for human innate aggressiveness or ‘Intra-Specific’ Aggression which is concerned with fighting and threats between members of the same Species. The most destructive aspect of Human Aggression is its communal nature and the fighting is not between Individuals but between Groups. Humans fight as Groups and human beings are the only animals to indulge in mass slaughter of their own Species. He explains that this innate Aggressive Behavior has evolved from the communal defense response of our pre-human ancestors.
However, it is important to know that Lorenz made no scientific study of Behavior displayed by Apes. Among the members of Homo genus, Man is the only surviving representative of the Homo sapiens Species and hence it will not be easy to validate his conclusions about evolutionary origin of innate Human Aggressive Behavior. If Aggression is viewed as Hereditary Behavior which is based upon its Survival Value for the genes for that Behavior, it must be noted that there are no surviving human ancestral Species. It appears that Aggressive Behavior had no value in defending survival of Members of Hominin Family, immediate ancestors of Anatomically Modern Man.
Compassion within the Individual and between Individuals:
Compassion or sympathy (sym=together + pati=suffer) describes the emotional feelings of sorrow for the sufferings or troubles of another person or others accompanied by an urge to help. Compassion describes an understanding arising from the sameness of emotional feeling. When man recognizes pain or sorrow in the lives of others, it spontaneously arouses the emotional feelings of Compassion. This understanding and the emotional response to pain and suffering in the lives of others appears to be instinctive. Apart from the “four big-drives”, Compassion is operated by an Innate Drive or it represents Motivated Behavior.
Compassion and Altruism (any behavior that appears to favor another individual’s chances of survival) is a response generated by Human Nature. Compassion acts like a physical force, power, or energy. It has the power to uplift Man from both physical and mental pain. The instinct of Compassion comes into play and acts as a force, power, or energy when Man experiences sorrow in recognition of suffering or troubles of another man or other living entities. I am further suggesting that the Motivated Behavior of Compassion is expressed within Individual actions apart from Interactions between Individuals. If my personal experience of pain or suffering does not elicit emotional reaction of Compassion from others, fortunately, I can derive benefit of the uplifting power of Compassion by simply knowing the Source of Compassion that exists within myself.
When a person is enjoying state or condition of good health, we find that the cells, tissues, and organs of that human person are interacting with each other in a harmonious manner and these intraspecific biotic interactions display characteristics such as mutual assistance, mutual cooperation, mutual tolerance, and mutual functional subservience to provide a benefit to the human individual who lives because of such interactions. The constituent parts of the Human Body interact with each other with a sense of devotion, sympathy, compassion, and understanding.
We often acknowledge Compassion in the actions performed by others in response to pain, and suffering that they witnessed. We describe Compassion from the thoughts, emotional feelings, understanding, and sympathetic response that we witness in the Behavior and action of others. I recognize Compassion in the nature of interactions between the cells, tissues, and organs of my body and consider that such Compassion always operates to keep me the human person in good and positive health.
The Reality of Human Existence is possible because Compassion is innate to Human Nature guiding living functions both in health and sickness. I observe operation of Compassion in the Wound Healing Mechanism described as ‘Inflammation and Repair’.
The emotional feelings associated with Compassion are important for the Survival of Man who needs to find Psychological Satisfaction from his Living Experience. The instinctive Behavior of Compassion supports Survival of Man as it provides Mental Satiation or Contentment which contributes to the Experience of Joy and Happiness in Life.
Compassion is the Key to Human Nature:
What is Man? The Key to Human Nature could be discovered by knowing Cell Structure and Functions. If hereditary behavior is operated by information present in genes, it must be noted that the genes have no independent existence of their own. The nucleus and the genes perform their cellular functions deriving energy from Cytoplasm or Protoplasm of the cell. The biological properties, characteristics, and the biological nature of the Living Substance or Protoplasm could account for the instinctive behavior pattern of Compassion.
The biological properties, characteristics, and biological nature of the Living Substance or Protoplasm accounts for an instinctive Behavior Pattern of Compassion. Biological functions and characteristics such as Nutrition, Cognition, Awareness, Responsiveness, and Communication with other Living Cells have not “evolved” because of their Survival Value for the Species. At a fundamental level, certain living characteristics or Nature is innate or implanted in Living Matter at the beginning or Origin of Life. The Living Substance or Matter known as Cytoplasm or Protoplasm has implanted or innate Nature of Compassion.
In the middle of the 19th century, various biologist started to recognize the importance of Juicy or Slimy contents of the cells. Purkinje (1839) gave the name protoplasm (Gr., Protos- primitive or first, plasma- substance) to the contents of the cells. This theory states that the cell is an accumulation of living substance or protoplasm, definitely limited in space and possessing a nucleus and a cell membrane .
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Self-Whole Compassion: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.
Mental Health – An integrated approach to Physical, Mental, Social, Moral, and Spiritual Wellbeing
What is Mental Health?
Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being. It affects how we think, feel, and act, and helps determine how we handle stress, relate to others, and make choices.
Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood. Over the course of your life, if you experience mental health problems, your thinking, mood, and behavior could be affected.
Behavioral Health vs. Mental Health – What’s the Difference?
Mental Health – An integrated approach to Physical, Mental,Social, Moral and Spiritual Wellbeing
The terms “behavioral health” and “mental health” are often used interchangeably, but they don’t always mean the same thing. Mental health pertains entirely to a person’s psychological state, while behavioral health entails not just a person’s state of mind but their physical condition.
Behavioral health is defined as the connection between behavior’s impact and the health and well-being of the body, mind, and spirit.
Behavioral health includes the relationship between our daily habits (good and bad) and their effect on physical health and includes mental health disorders.
Ideally, good habits (healthy diet, exercise, and sleep routines) result in the best balance between good mental and physical health.
Conversely, poor habits typically result in degrees of poor mental and physical wellness.
Behavioral health vs. mental health: Identifying typical conditions
It’s difficult to talk about behavioral or mental health without exploring some of the corresponding conditions. Let’s start with mental health. Below are some of the most common and recognizable mental illnesses identified by the Alvarado Parkway Institute.
Common mental health illnesses:
Depression is characterized as a mood disorder and leaves people feeling persistently empty and heavy. There are different forms of depression — including postpartum and seasonal affective — but they all disrupt a person’s day-to-day life.
Generalized anxiety disorder is a step above occasional anxiety. For some people, that sense of unease can persist and interfere with everyday life by causing repetitive worries as well as sleep and concentration issues. In some cases, it can escalate into a panic disorder.
Bipolar disorder is characterized by episodes of depression and mania — extreme hyperactivity. Like most mental health conditions, there are varying degrees of bipolar disorder, and not everyone experiences it in the same way.
Schizophrenia is an uncommon condition, but it is most notable for causing people to lose touch with reality and experience symptoms like hallucinations, delusions and unhealthy, repetitive thoughts.
Negative behaviors don’t always accompany these mental health conditions. Most everyone with depression, for example, experiences sleep issues. But not everyone develops a behavioral disorder. When a distinct, regular behavior that goes beyond the scope of a typical mental illness begins to negatively affect someone, it becomes a disorder that typically requires more specific treatment. Here’s a look at some common behavioral disorders.
Common behavioral disorders:
Substance abuse often starts when people misuse substances to self-medicate or cope with an existing issue. While it may seem to work for a time, this behavior eventually worsens the problem and becomes one itself. According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), 19.7 million American adults experienced a substance abuse disorder in 2017.
Gambling addiction is similar to substance abuse. Researchers believe it can stimulate the brain’s reward systems to overproduce dopamine, creating a need to pursue risky behaviors. Gambling addiction can even result in withdrawal when the chemical high isn’t achieved.
Self-injury is most often associated with depression and disassociation, but some psychology experts think the tendency to harm oneself is more specifically tied to a negative self-image. Identifying this behavior as separate from depression can significantly impact the treatment path and potential for recovery.
Eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-eating. Not only can these behaviors lead to significant medical complications but they present a specific set of mental illness issues associated with self-image obsession and lack of perceived control.
Spiritualism vs Behaviorism
Spirituality Science – The creation of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. The Hebrew word Adam means Man. The Biblical story of Adam and Eve provide the contrast between Human Nature and Human Behavior.
Yes indeed, Life is Complicated. The complexity of Life fundamentally involves the Human Behavior and its false interpretation as Human Nature.
Vitruvian Man, the creation of Leonardo da Vinci – Spiritualism – The Discovery of Bhavanajagat.org : What is the purpose of Man in Life and What is His purpose in the World and in the Universe where he exists???
What is Man? The motivation for asking this question comes from a statement expressed in the Sanskrit language:
Spiritualism vs Behaviorism. WHAT IS MAN? THE MOTIVATION FOR ASKING THE QUESTION COMES FROM SHANTI MANTRA PROMOTING FINDING OF PEACE, HARMONY, AND TRANQUILITY IN MAN’S LIVING EXPERIENCE.
“Sarvesham Svastir Bhavatu”, Shanti Mantra in Sanskrit seeks the well-being of all humans, of all races, of all religions, of all cultures, and of all nations. It promotes finding of Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility in Man’s Living Experience.
Our efforts to support the well-being of Man get affected by our understanding the ‘real’ or ‘true’ nature of Man. I recognize Man’s Existence with Seven Forms or Dimensions. These are, 1. the Physical Being described by Human Anatomy, Human Physiology and other Medical Sciences, the human being in health and sickness, 2. the Mental Being, the intellect, thoughts and emotional states of Man described by Psychology and Psychiatry, 3. the Social Being described by Social Sciences, 4. the Moral Being described by Moral Science and Ethics, the power of discernment used by Man to make distinction between good and evil, and right and wrong, 5. the Spiritual Being described by Vital Power, Animating /Sensible Properties, and Conscious/Cognitive abilities of Man’s Corporeal Substance that develops and builds the cells, tissues, and organs of Human Body, 6. the Created Being which is reflected in the existence of man as an Individual with Individuality without any choice, and 7. the Rational Being which directs man to reconcile his behavior with his true or real nature that makes the man to review the actions performed in the external environment.
WHAT IS MAN? HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR. MAN’S SPIRITUAL NATURE IS DISPLAYED BY ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOR OF HIS RED BLOOD CELLS.
I describe the Spiritual dimension of Human Nature by observing functional relationships facilitating interactions of cells, tissues, and organs making up the human organism. For Man is a multicellular organism, Human Nature gets reflected in the biotic interactions of cells, tissues, and organs, as Man lives in the world because of those functions. While the cells are independent, individual entities, their functional activity is characterized by Mutual Assistance, Mutual Cooperation, Mutual Tolerance, and Mutual Subordination to provide benefit to Man; the benefit of Identity and Individuality to establish him as one of its own kind, original, unique and distinctive living thing.
The Six Dimensions of Man contribute to six kinds of Behavior of Man; the physical, mental, social, moral, spiritual and creative facets of Behavior. For example, muscle cell displays the behavior of contraction in response to a stimulus; it is able to contract because of its contractile nature which gives it the power of contracting.
I account for Spiritual Dimension of Human Nature as that of generating a Singular, Harmonious Effect in the working of trillions of cells giving Man the power or ability to perform his living functions such as Respiration and display his characteristic Behaviors like Feeding, and Reproduction.
Human Behavior and Environment:
What is Man? Burrhus Frederick Skinner (1904 – 1990), Professor of Psychology at Harvard University (1948 – 1974) proposes empirical study of human behavior as the only way to arrive at a true theory of human nature. He published several books, The Behavior of Organisms:An Experimental Analysis (1938), Science and Human Behavior (1953), and Verbal Behavior (1957).
B. F. Skinner studied Behavior and the environmental causes of Behavior mediated through conditioning mechanisms. In his opinion, all Behavior is function of environmental variables. He proposes a thesis of ‘Universal Determinism, and thinks that every human event including all human choices has a set of preceding environmental causes.
WHAT IS MAN? HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR. HUMAN BEHAVIOR IS CONDITIONED BY EXTERNAL INFLUENCES OF MATERIAL NATURE.WHAT IS MAN? HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR. THERE ARE FIVE FACTORS TO ACCOUNT FOR HUMAN ACTIONS AND BEHAVIOR.
In the Indian tradition, the Bhagavad Gita explains the relation between Human Behavior and Environment or ‘Prakriti’. Chapter XIV, verse 5 states: “Sattvam, rajas, tama iti gunah prakriti sambhavah,” the modes of Human Behavior such as Sattva (the mode of goodness), Rajas (the mode of passion), and Tamas (the mode of ignorance) generated by the interactions between Man and the environment in which he lives. At the same time, the Indian tradition makes a very clear distinction between true Human Nature and the three modes of Human Behavior. The real, or true Man is identified by Spiritual attributes of Human Nature.
WHAT IS MAN? HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR. SPIRITUAL NATURE IS UNDIVIDED, IS SEEN IN ALL LIVING ENTITIES.
The Bhagavad Gita in Chapter XVIII, verse 20 claims that all living entities share a single reality even while they are divided into innumerable forms (“Sarva bhutesu yenaikam bhavam avyayam iksate”) and directs us to recognize that Spiritual Nature as the true reality that is common to different living forms.
Skinner gives attention to the external causes or influences that generate or modify Human Behavior. Skinner avoids the study of Innate or Intrinsic Cause of Behavior. He gives no importance to the role of Heredity in Human Behavior. This internal influence on organism’s behavior is not directly observable and an experimenter cannot manipulate such internal influences to conduct experimental studies of Behavior. Skinner’s findings about external influences and environmental conditioning mechanisms explain several aspects of Human behavior but they do not explain the relationship between Human Behavior and Human Existence. To understand Human Existence, we have to learn about the Nature of Man’s Substance and the Behavior of cells, tissues, and organs which formulate the Structures and Functions of Man as a Living Thing.
Man is a very complex living organism showing structural differentiation with functional organization of numerous independent, individual cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. These specialized functions of tissues and organs are possible because of the functional subordination of the cells to the requirements of the organism as a whole. In other words, the specialized functions of tissues and organs could be described as ‘altruistic’ behavior, a behavior that promotes the well-being and appears to favor the individual’s chances of survival and reproduction.
Man may exhibit Behavior under the influence of environment and may act in the Modes of Behavior such as goodness (Sattva), passion (Rajas), or ignorance (Tamas), but his existence is made possible by his Innate Human Nature which as internal or intrinsic guiding influence or controlling mechanism determines the characteristics of biotic interactions between cells, tissues, organs and organ systems of his own body.
The distinction between Human Nature and Human Behavior
Spiritualism vs Behaviorism: The Spiritual Connection between the Cell and its Energy Provider.
Yes indeed, Life is complicated. To understand the complexities of Life, we need to make the distinction between Human Nature and Human Behavior. The knowledge about the man will be incomplete if the true or real nature of man remains unknown.
What it is to be a Substance? and What it is to Exist? We need to establish knowledge about the man on a firm basis and the information it provides must be tested for its accuracy and consistency with an external reality. We have to make the fundamental distinction between the living and the non-living matter. The scientific advances of the 19th and 20th centuries reinforced the materialistic position concerning the basic similarity of organic living and inorganic physical matter. The man is viewed as a product of natural evolution and is thought to be subject to the same laws of Physics and Chemistry or mechanistic principles.
We need a methodology to study philosophy and to understand philosophical statements. Logical Positivism, also known as Scientific Empiricism aims to clarify concepts in both everyday and scientific language. It describes analysis of language as the function of philosophy. This analysis of language and of concepts is important to understand questions of belief and ideology which affect what we think we ought to do individually and socially. I use this method of ‘Applied Philosophy’ to analyze the philosophical doctrine of ‘Materialism’ and to interpret human nature and human existence.
The term altruism describes unselfish concern for the welfare of others. It involves human behavior and actions that appear to favor another individual’s chances of survival and reproduction. Our efforts to support the well-being of man would be affected by our understanding the ‘real’ or ‘true’ nature of man.
All religious and cultural traditions make assumptions about human nature. The basic assumption about human nature is that of finding it displayed in feelings, thoughts, actions, and behavior.
The distinction between Human Nature and Human Behavior.
If man is viewed as a multicellular organism, we need to discover the human nature of this subject who lives because of the functions of the trillions of cells. Hence, we need to know if human nature is displayed in the functional characteristics that are observable in biotic interactions of cells that constitute the human organism.
The objective of this blog post is to explore the universal principles that determine human nature. Human cultures and religions seek to know human nature as reflected in the man’s thoughts, feelings, moods, actions, and behavior. I seek the knowledge of human nature by describing the characteristics of behavior exhibited by the cells that constitute the human individual.
The Study of Man as a Living Thing:
Greek philosopher and the founder of Biology Aristotle(384 – 322 B.C.) has observed that there is a science which investigates being as being and the attributes which belong to being in virtue of its own nature.
Greek philosopher and the founder of Biology Aristotle (384 – 322 B.C.) has observed that there is a science which investigates being as being and the attributes which belong to being in virtue of its nature. For a thing to come into being, Aristotle describes four kinds of causes, 1. Efficient Cause, 2. Formal Cause, 3. Material Cause, and 4. Final Cause, the end or purpose for which a thing exists. Aristotle describes corporeal substances are composite of two principles, form, and matter. Matter and Form are the Material and the Formal Cause respectively of what comes to be known as a thing. The matter represents the potentiality of the livng corporeal substance and the form represents the actuality of the living thing. The structure and the behavior of things contribute to their individual being and function. Aristotle did not regard the body and soul as two separate entities as the soul is merely a set of defining features.
I would like to proceed with my presentation keeping the basic criteria that Aristotle would use to know human nature, 1. the human form, 2. the living matter, 3. the human living thing, its nature being a function of its structure and its behavior.
1.The Human Form: In case of man, the human form undergoes changes during every stage of its existence such as infancy, boyhood, youth, adult, and old age.
2. The Living Matter: The living matter or protoplasm continues to live without any apparent changes in its fundamental living properties. The biological functions or the characteristics of the living matter or protoplasm do not evolve or change because of its survival value for the species.
3. The Human Living Thing: The living functions such as consciousness, responsiveness, recognition, communication through signalling, motion, and nutrition are innate properties of the living substance or protoplasm and are not acquired by a learning process. This innate ability of protoplasm to perform functions helps in the development of instinctive behavior that is observed in the organism. It is not surprising to observe that certain important features of human nature are innate rather than learned from experience. There are several factors involved in the development of human nature and in the formation of individual character. We need to recognize the contrast between the innate and the learned, heredity and environment, nature and nurture or social upbringing.
The biological properties such as Motion, and Nutrition, the biological characteristics such as consciousness or awareness of its own condition called existence in a given environment, and the biological nature such as responsiveness, communication, and recognition of other living cells present in its external environment could account for an instinctive behavior pattern observed in all living organisms. This instinctive behavior pattern accounts for the nature of biotic interactions among members of a given biotic community.
To explain human nature, we need to study the character and behavior of man’s corporeal substance or protoplasm and view man as a terrestrial organism represented by a biotic community of trillions of individual living cells and as a natural host to trillions of microbes that inhabit the man’s body and organs such as the gastrointestinal tract. The terms such as spirit or soul must be used by stating its defining features and we need to understand the connection between the feature and the substance that contributes to that feature called soul or spirit that is seen as the vital, animating principle found in all living things.
The Mechanist Concept of Life:
There is a fundamental distinction between the lifeless and the living, animate and inanimate, living and nonliving matter. The living system cannot maintain its living functions by exclusively using the elementary laws of Physics and Chemistry.
The Mechanist Concept of Life asserts that the phenomena of life are merely processes and transformations obeying elementary laws of Physics and Chemistry. The living system is ultimately reducible to its constituent molecules and atoms. The living cell is a thermodynamically unstable system. This means that without continuous input of energy, a living cell will degrade spontaneously into a nonliving collection of molecules. To maintain life an organism not only repairs or replaces (or both) its structures by a constant supply of the materials of which it is composed but also keeps its life processes in operation by a steady supply of energy. This functional activity of a living cell is called metabolism. Living systems must be supplied energy for continual synthesis of new organic molecules and to replace, or to repair broken organic molecules. We need to explain this functional ability of a living system to acquire energy from its external environment. This ability is not operated by laws of Physics and Chemistry. For example, in Physics, the force by which every mass or particle of matter including photons attracts and is attracted by every other mass or particle is called Gravitation which is the weakest of the four Fundamental Forces operating in nature. A living system does not use the force of Gravitation to attract a substance to use it for its metabolism. Physics explains the process of diffusion and the operation of Osmosis in which a solvent passes through a semipermeable membrane such as the wall of a livng cell, into a solution of higher concentration, so as to equalize concentrations on both sides of the membrane (the osmotic pressure gradient). Osmosis is a relevant biological mechanism but it does not fully account for the energy acquisition by a living cell.
How does Protoplasm acquires Energy?
The Biological Membrane or the Plasma Membrane separates protoplasm of the cell from its environment. It allows a highly controlled exchange of matter across the barrier it poses.
The functional activity called metabolism involves a living system’s continual exchange of some of its materials with its surroundings, principally in the process of building up or destroying its protoplasm. The most striking characteristics of protoplasm are its vital properties of Motion, and Nutrition. By Motion is meant the property which protoplasm has of changing its shape and position by some “intrinsic power” and exhibit amoeboid movement. Ciliary movement or the vibration of hair-like processes from the surface of any cell may also be regarded as a variety of the motion with which protoplasm is endowed.
Nutrition is the “power” which protoplasm has of attracting to itself the materials necessary for its growth and maintenance from surrounding matter. When any foreign particle comes in contact with the protoplasmic substance, it becomes incorporated in it, being enwrapped by one or more processes projected from the parent mass which encloses it. When thus taken up, the foreign particle may remain in the substance of the protoplasm for some time without change, or may be again extruded. The living substance called protoplasm has the “intrinsic power” of motion and uses its power to ingest and to expel foreign particles in the external environment with which it may come into contact. The Biological Membrane or the Plasma Membrane which separates protoplasm of the cell from its environment allows a highly controlled exchange of matter across the barrier it poses; some compounds are able to pass through the membrane easily, others are completely blocked. The screening effect on the substances that enter and leave the cell is perhaps the most important function of the membrane. The actions and behavior of protoplasm, the corporeal substance is dependent upon its innate “power” and may not be attributable to elementary laws of Physics and Chemistry.
Spiritualism and Human Nature:
Red Blood Cells provide a very good example of the adaptive subordination of cells to meet the requirements of the Whole Organism. The specialized functions of tissues and organs of human body are possible because of such functional subordination.
The structural differentiation and the functional organization of various organ systems makes man a very complex living organism. This kind of specialized functions of tissues and organs is possible because of adaptive subordination of the cells to the requirements of the Whole Organism. If altruism describes any behavior that appears to favor another individuals’ chances of survival, we can easily recognize this characteristic in the functions performed by the Red Blood Cells. Each Red Blood Cell lives for a very limited life span of its own and during its short period of existence it serves the purpose of the Whole Human Organism with a sense of devotion, with the spirit of cooperation, to provide assistance to all other cells, tissues, and organs of the body in a selfless manner.
I define the term ‘Spiritualism’ as the nature of a relationship, a partnership, an association, or bonding between two individual living entities based upon characteristics such as compassion, sympathy, understanding, cooperation, mutual assistance, mutual tolerance, voluntary subservience to provide some benefit to the member participating in the biotic interaction. Spiritualism is innate and is not acquired by learning experience. The man depends upon the protoplasmic substance for his very existence as a human being and to perform the characteristic living functions. The human form becomes the actuality that it represents by the Nature of its spiritual association with the protoplasmic living matter. Man is a spiritual being because of the spiritual nature of his living substance called protoplasm.
The terms Soul and Spirit belong to the materialistic realm where the Physical Reality of man’s biological existence is established. I have not yet discovered any good reason to use the terms Soul and Spirit as a metaphysical or transcendental Reality.
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Self-Whole Health: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.In the middle of the 19th century, various biologist started to recognize the importance of Juicy or Slimy contents of the cells. Purkinje (1839) gave the name protoplasm (Gr., Protos- primitive or first, plasma- substance) to the contents of the cells. This theory states that the cell is an accumulation of living substance or protoplasm, definitely limited in space and possessing a nucleus and a cell membrane .
DESCARTES, RENE (b. March 31, 1596, d. February 11, 1650 ), French Mathematician and Father of Modern Philosophy.
Rene Descartes, The Father of Modern Philosophy: “I Think, Therefore I am.”
The Theory of Total Consciousness.
The “Knowledge of the Knower” points directly to the fundamental nature of “Pure Consciousness,” which can never be absent because it is the very “Light” by which absence itself is recognized. In various schools of non-duality (Advaita Vedanta, Zen, and the teachings of sages like Nisargadatta Maharaj), a core distinction is made between passing thoughts and the permanent awareness witnessing them.
While thoughts, emotions, and objects come and go, the ultimate Knower (the Self, or Atman, or ‘The Knowing-Self’) remains as an unbroken presence.
Understanding the Three Facets of Experience
To break down this philosophical insight, non-dual traditions often divide experience into three components (collectively known as Triputi):
The Known: Objects, thoughts, feelings, and sensations that appear and disappear.
Whole Law – Whole Dictum: “I am Consciousness, Therefore I am.” Cunningham’s Manual of Practical Anatomy has provided me the learning tools to know and understand Man’s External and Internal Reality and its Identity as described by Cells, Tissues, Organs,and Organ Systems.
The Knowing: The temporary act or mechanism of perception. I describe this function as Cortical Awareness, the information relayed to the different parts of Cerebral Cortex.
The Reticular Activating System (RAS) of Reticular Formation protects you from information overload by acting as a gatekeeper for your brain. It filters out millions of bits of useless sensory data every second so your conscious mind can focus on what matters.
The Knower: The foundational, unchanging consciousness that illuminates it all. I describe “The Knower” as ‘The Knowing-Self’ and its anatomical location is The Reticular Formation of the Brain Stem.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE KNOWER – THE KNOWING-SELF: IN THIS IMAGE OF HUMAN BRAIN, THE GREEN PORTION OF BRAINSTEM IS CALLED THE RETICULAR FORMATION. I AM PROPOSING TO CALL IT AS THE KNOWING-SELF AND IT IS THE “KNOWER” OF THE HUMAN BODY WHICH CONSTANTLY CHANGES ITS MORPHOLOGICAL APPEARANCE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TIME CALLED THE AGING PROCESS.
Why the Knower is Never Absent
Unlike ordinary knowledge (which you can forget or lose), the fundamental awareness of being can never be turned off.
Concept
The Known (Mind/Objects)
The Knower (Pure Consciousness)
Availability
Temporary; comes and goes.
Continuous; always present.
State Fluctuations
Absent in deep sleep or under anesthesia.
Mindfully present as the “blank slate” beneath all states.
Nature
Dependent on a subject to be perceived.
Self-luminous; does not need another light to see it.
As Nisargadatta Maharaj frequently noted, you cannot deny your own existence or awareness, because the very act of denial requires the presence of a “Knower”(or ‘The Knowing-Self’) to do the denying.
Whole Law – Whole Dictum: “I am Consciousness, Therefore I am.” Cunningham’s Manual of Practical Anatomy has provided me the learning tools to know and understand Man’s External and Internal Reality and its Identity as described by Cells, Tissues, Organs,and Organ Systems.
The Gatekeeper of Consciousness as a Mental Experience:
Reticular Formation is shown as a single ‘red’ bar in this figure. It consists of numerous Brain Stem nuclei. It is a network of nerve pathways and nuclei throughout the Brain Stem. A single neuron in this network may have synapses/connections with as many as 25,000 other neurons/nerve cells.
The Reticular Activating System (RAS) of Reticular Formation protects you from information overload by acting as a gatekeeper for your brain. It filters out millions of bits of useless sensory data every second so your conscious mind can focus on what matters.
🧠 The Brain’s Filter
Your body constantly receives massive amounts of information from your surroundings. The RAS prevents your conscious mind from drowning in this data through specific biological mechanisms.
Sensory Filtering: It blocks repetitive background noises, sights, and feelings.
Volume Control: It turns down the volume on predictable, non-threatening stimuli.
Focus Directing: It passes only critical data up to the cerebral cortex.
Conscious Awareness: It decides what enters your immediate, waking thoughts or Cortical Awareness which most of the Psychologists and other Neuroscience Scientists often describe as “Consciousness.”
🔍 How the Filter Works
The RAS uses specific criteria to determine what information breaks through the “Gate” and what gets ignored.
Physical Survival: It instantly flags signs of danger, like a sudden loud bang.
Novelty: It alerts you to unexpected changes, like a sudden drop in room temperature.
Personal Relevance: It triggers when you hear highly specific data, like your own name.
Current Focus: It highlights things you actively think about, like seeing a specific car everywhere after buying it.
🛑 Impact of RAS Failure
Without a functioning RAS, daily life would become completely overwhelming and impossible to manage.
Sensory Flooding: You would feel your clothes against your skin every single second.
Auditory Chaos: Background traffic would sound just as loud as a person speaking to you.
Mental Exhaustion: Your brain would quickly run out of energy trying to process everything.
Man enjoys an existence characterized by Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility, as the Soul, or the Life Principle operates the vital functions of the complex organism without relaying all the information to the cortical areas avoiding information overload. Thereby, Man is protected from a huge information overload that is not compatible with mental peace and equilibrium. In this context of defending existence from the threat of Information overload, it may be said, “Ignorance is Bliss.” The Creator is the Source of Great Knowledge (Sanskrit. Prajnanam) and the access to the realities of the Inner World and the Outer World are selectively restricted to defend the wellbeing of the living creatures.
“I am Consciousness, Therefore I am”
VITRUVIAN MAN, BY LEONARDO DA VINCI (c. 1492). This picture is used as the cover page for Best & Taylor’s Text Book of Human Physiology. Medical Science and Medical Education is knowledge built upon the foundations of understanding and knowing Human Anatomy (Structure ) and Human Physiology (Function).
This is a proposition to gain knowledge, and to understand Truth and Reality. Consciousness is awareness of one’s own state, condition, and the fact of existence in a given environment. The Subject who exists because of the living functions of trillions cells has to be identified. The term ‘Soul’ describes the functional unity of these trillions of living cells each of which is aware of its own existence in a given environment. My Soul is the manifestation of trillions of units of awareness or consciousness of the individual living cells that comprise my human body.
Who am I? This question must be answered by applying a reasoning process to Inferential Knowledge about Cell Structure (Anatomy) and Cell Functions (Physiology). Life is defined as “Knowledge in Action.”
To exist in the natural world, my consciousness or awareness establishes what I describe as ‘God Connection’; the connection between the energy-seeker and the energy-provider.
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
The biological function called Consciousness gives the ability to acquire energy from the given environment in which the living entity is present. To perform mental functions such as thinking, and having feelings, the human being has to maintain physical existence and sustain vital metabolic functions acquiring energy from external environment.
Brain Stem Reticular Formation shown as a red band in the image represents an integrative focus of consciousness functioning through its widespread interconnections with the Cerebral Cortex and other regions of the Brain. It functions to compose the contents of consciousness that would be revealed as Cortical Awareness. Reticular Formation describes “The Capacity of Consciousness” and without this function the contents of consciousness( or cortical awareness) will not be known to the individual.
The Theory of Total Consciousness explores the total contents of conscious experience and determines its significance in relation to the act, state, or condition called Living.
The Ground Substance of Spiritualism and Spirituality. The vital characteristics, the animating principles of Protoplasm could be known by observing Amoeba proteus. The Living Substance works as an organ of Motion or Movement, as an organ of Nutrition, and as an organ of Reproduction to generate new cells which have a life span of their own. In these physiological functions, I describe the characteristics such as Cognition, Consciousness, Memory, and Intelligence which have a Spiritual role as they bring functional unity and harmony in the interactions between different parts of the same individual organism while it exists in an environment as a member of a biological community
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Self-Whole Knowing: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.
Pure Phenomenology-Pure Consciousness-What is the Seat of Consciousness?
What it is to be a Substance? and What it is to Exist? We need to establish knowledge about man on a firm basis and the information it provides must be tested for its accuracy and consistency with an external reality. We have to make the fundamental distinction between the living and the non-living matter. The scientific advances of the 19th and 20th centuries reinforced the materialistic position concerning the basic similarity of organic living and inorganic physical matter. Man is viewed as a product of natural evolution and is thought to be subject to the same laws of Physics and Chemistry or mechanistic principles.
We need a methodology to study philosophy and to understand philosophical statements. Logical Positivism, also known as Scientific Empiricism aims to clarify concepts in both everyday and scientific language. It describes analysis of language as the function of philosophy. This analysis of language and of concepts is important to understand questions of belief and ideology which affect what we think we ought to do individually and socially. I use this method of ‘Applied Philosophy’ to analyze the concept of Spiritual Optics, the Spiritual Connection between Energy and Life. The Laws of Thermodynamics are important unifying principles of Biology. The First Law of Thermodynamics, also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, states that Energy can neither be created nor destroyed. Spiritual Optics accounts for the capacity of photoreception and the term Spiritual Light refers to the creation of Light by God to begin the designing of Matter described by Physics and Chemistry. I may not be able to discover the Purpose in my Life if I exist in Spiritual Darkness.
Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Whole Phenomenon:
Pure Phenomenology-Pure Consciousness-What is the Seat of Consciousness? Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Whole Phenomenon: Northern Lights are described as a natural phenomenon. What is Phenomenon? Can we know Reality through Human Experience?
The word “Phenomenon” is described as any event, circumstance, or experience that is apparent to the senses and that can be scientifically described or apprised. Phenomenology is described as a study of perceptual experience. Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (1859-1938), German philosopher and mathematician is the founder of Phenomenology. He offered a descriptive study of consciousness for the purpose of discovering the laws by which experiences of the objective world or of pure imagination can occur.
In my analysis, all human experiences of the objective world and of human imagination can occur only under the influence of the Power/Force/Energy called Illusion which is popularly described as “Maya” (The Phenomenon of Great Grand Illusion) in Indian Sanskrit language. To facilitate a man’s powers of sensory and intuitive perception, it demands the operation of a mechanism called ‘Illusion’. Man has no choice other than that of gaining perceptual experience under the influence of Mercy, Grace, and Compassion that establishes, supports, and sustains the human existence.
In this context of the fundamental basis for human existence, the term “Whole Phenomenon” can be stated as any event, circumstance, or experience that can be known by human senses, or the mental faculty called intuition under the influence of Illusion.
The Philosophy of Consciousness:
Pure Phenomenology-Pure Consciousness-What is the Seat of Consciousness? Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Whole Phenomenon: “Pure Phenomenology claims to be the science of pure phenomena. This concept of the phenomenon, which developed under various names as early as the eighteenth century without being clarified is what we shall have to deal with first of all.” – Edmund Husserl, the Founder of Phenomenology.
I share the same concern that was expressed by Edmund Husserl, the Founder of Phenomenology. We need to clarify the term phenomenon and it will become apparent that there can never be a Science of Pure Phenomena as the Subjective and Objective reality of Man’s physical existence on Earth’s surface depends on the experience of Great Grand Illusion. Husserl shares the maxim of the “Philosophy of Consciousness” which states, “All consciousness is consciousness of something.” His chief works were ‘Logical Investigations’ (1900-1901), ‘Ideas for a Pure Phenomenology’ (1907), ‘Cartesian Meditations (1931), and ‘Experience and Judgment’ (1939). Husserl offers a descriptive study of consciousness, giving a description of the consciousness of time, he discusses a person’s experience of other minds and humans’ lived relationship with the world. He concludes that consciousness has no life apart from the objects it considers. But, in his later works he denies the existence of objects outside of consciousness. Husserl developed a philosophical method devoid of presuppositions by focusing purely on phenomena and elucidating their meaning through intuition. He held that experience is the source of all knowledge. His method of ‘phenomenological reduction’ excludes anything that cannot be perceived, and thus is not immediately given to the consciousness. Husserl’s method involves the study of phenomena, or appearances of human experience while attempting to suspend all consideration of their objective reality or subjective association. He wants to avoid all philosophical, and scientific presuppositions. He wants to discover the essential structures and relationships of the phenomena as well as the acts of consciousness in which the phenomena appear. In his later work, he suspends or excludes all beliefs about the external existence of the objects of consciousness. In his opinion, this suspension of all references to the reality of the thing experienced left the person with nothing but the experience itself. Husserl divides this experience into the “noesis” (act of consciousness) and the “noema” (object of consciousness).
In my view, Husserl missed to state his understanding of the ‘Seat of Consciousness’. If consciousness is about the experience of something, that experience demands the existence of some material substance, or a Seat of Consciousness. I can mentally imagine the existence of immaterial things, and yet the experience of immaterial objects or things by acts of intuition need a seat of consciousness.
The Method of Phenomenological Reduction:
Pure Phenomenology-Pure Consciousness-What is the Seat of Consciousness? Earth’s Rotational Spin provides the experience of Time by causing changes in the environment which Man perceives as Day and Night. This cyclical change of alternating periods of Light and Darkness is synchronized with Man’s Biological Rhythms. I invite my readers to apply the Method of Phenomenological Reduction to have the experience of any kind of natural phenomena after excluding the operative influence exerted by the Force of Gravitation.
Husserl proposes the methodological suspension of all judgments about the character and even about the existence of the objects of consciousness in order to describe the experience from inside. His concern is about what it means for something to appear, or to be a phenomenon. He finds it necessary to suspend judgment about the given reality of things, to “bracket” the data or consciousness, in order to describe them. He uses this method to examine imaginary objects just like other physical objects. He concludes that consciousness is dependent on the object it considers. He observes, “If all consciousness is subject to essential laws in a manner similar to that in which spatial reality is subject to mathematical laws, then these essential laws will be of most fertile significance in investigating facts of the conscious life of human and brute animals.”
While I am not opposed to Husserl’s phenomenological method, I observe that the ‘Whole Designer’ has already imposed a suspension, or exclusion on Man’s cognitive abilities. Man can only perceive the reality of this physical world as a product of illusion and will never have consciousness of the fact of Earth’s speed of rotational spin and linear velocity as it revolves around Sun. I invite my readers to apply the Method of Phenomenological Reduction to have the experience of any kind of natural phenomena after excluding the operative influence exerted by the Force of Gravitation.
Whole Dude – Whole Designer – Matter and Spirit: If materialism is about the influence of money and material wealth, I would like to use the Power/Force/Energy called Money to talk about Life and Death. The Law of Conservation is applicable to both the living, and the non-living physical matter. For that reason, It can be claimed, Life is neither created nor destroyed. If any person can refute my claim using valid, scientific information, I would give the person a US $1,000 bill as a reward.
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Self-Whole Philosophy: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.Pure Phenomenology-Pure Consciousness-What is the Seat of Consciousness?
The Constitution of Man and the Regulation of His Existence
What is Matter? and What is Spirit? If materialism is about the influence of material wealth, I would like to use the Power/Force/Energy called Money to talk about Life and Death. The Laws of Conservation are applicable to both the living, and the non-living matter. Hence, it can be stated that “Life can neither be created nor destroyed.” If any person can refute my claim using valid, scientific information, I would give the person a US $1,000 bill as a reward
What it is to be a Substance? and What it is to Exist? We need to establish knowledge about the man on a firm basis and the information it provides must be tested for its accuracy and consistency with an external reality. We have to make the fundamental distinction between the living and the non-living matter. The scientific advances of the 19th and 20th centuries reinforced the materialistic position concerning the basic similarity of organic living and inorganic physical matter. Man is viewed as a product of natural evolution and is thought to be subject to the same laws of Physics and Chemistry or mechanistic principles.
We need a methodology to study philosophy and to understand philosophical statements. Logical Positivism, also known as Scientific Empiricism aims to clarify concepts in both everyday and scientific language. It describes analysis of language as the function of philosophy. This analysis of language and of concepts is important to understand questions of belief and ideology which affect what we think we ought to do individually and socially.
I use this method of ‘Applied Philosophy’ to analyze the philosophical doctrine of Transcendental Idealism and to study the views and philosophy of Immanuel Kant and his efforts to interpret the World of Experience.
The Material Basis of Spirituality Science. The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Human Existence. Immanuel Kant explained the difference between the constitutive and the regulative concepts.
Definition: The fundamental rules and categories that build and make human experience possible.
Function: They determine what objects of knowledge are and how reality appears to us.
Example: Space, time, and causality act as constitutive frameworks. Without them, human perception has no shape or coherence.
Regulative Principles
Definition: The overarching ideals and maxims that direct human reason toward ultimate systematic unity.
Function:They do not create or prove new objects, but they guide how we organize our knowledge, morals, and actions.
Example: The ideas of complete universal harmony, ultimate purpose, or concepts like freedom and morality serve as horizons that urge science and ethics forward.
Man has the Subjective and the Objective experience of the reality called Existence. The man has to account for this experience using the Faculty of Understanding, and the Faculty of Reasoning.
Tat Asmi Prabhu – Fifth Mahavakya – Animate vs Inanimate Dualism. The separation of Man into perishable body and imperishable soul is flawed. It is correct to say Man (“Tat”Body and Soul) is united with Lord God or ‘Prabhu’.
I recognize ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’, a statement made by Indian thinker Shankara as the ‘Fifth Mahavakya’ or the Fifth Great Aphorism, a short, concise statement of Principle expressing a general truth about Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence. The word ‘Tat’ refers to Man’s Essence that constitutes Man’s Identity in the physical world. The word ‘Asmi’ refers to unity, harmony, agreement, concord, or arrangement of parts that will produce a singular effect that establishes oneness of that which is made up of distinct elements. The word Prabhu refers to Lord God Creator as the Supreme Being or the Supreme Power. To arrive at a complete understanding of Man and the Reality of Human Existence, it is important to make the distinction between the Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Existence. To describe the Constitutive and the Regulative dimensions of the Human Existence as a subject matter of Natural Science, I would begin with my tribute to Immanuel Kant who explained the difference between constitutive and regulative concepts.
The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Kant’s Philosophy
The Material Basis of Spirituality Science. The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Human Existence. The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Kant’s philosophy. The distinction between the Faculty of Reason and the Faculty of Knowing or Understanding.
The term ‘Constitute’ refers to having power to establish, appoint, or enact to make a thing what it is. It includes substances and their causal connections that may account for the appearance of a thing. The term ‘Regulate’ means to rule, to adjust to a particular standard, to adjust so as to make operate accurately, to make methodical, orderly, a rule or law by which conduct is regulated. The term ‘Regulatory’ means ordered, prescribed, a person or thing that regulates, a mechanism for controlling or governing movement of parts of an integrated System. The constitutive concepts and principles, and the regulative concepts and principles are central to Kant’s philosophy. In the Critique of Pure Reason this distinction marks the division between the Faculty of Reason and the Faculty of Understanding.
The principles that objectively state what is present in the object itself, that is, what is the constitution of its physical appearance, is Constitutive Principle. Such principles of pure understanding describe the standard and necessary constituents of the world of appearance. The constitutive principles are contrasted with the Regulative Principles, which are rules to show how experience may be organized or regulated without making a reference to the constitution of the object. The regulative principles play no part in determining the objective character of the world of appearance. They are maxims, neither provable nor disprovable and are not to be understood as true or false. They serve to guide our inquiry within experience and lead us to transcend the limits of reason from the conditioned to the unconditioned. Kant recommends that we must observe the distinction between these two kinds of principles.
The faculty of understanding is constitutive of the possibility of experience. All experience must conform to the concepts and principles of the understanding, which are realized or instantiated in experience: experience contains substances, causal connections and so on. The faculty of reason, by contrast, is merely regulative in relation to experience. Although reason plays an indispensable role in experience, the concepts used in the reasoning process, such as the idea of God, or the idea of world as a complete totality, cannot be realized or instantiated in experience at all. Nevertheless, ideas of reason still function legitimately to guide empirical inquiry of objects that can be given experience.
The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Human Existence
The Material Basis of Spirituality Science. The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Human Existence. Man is the Object of Experience. Mass is the Constitutive Principle. Gravity is the Regulative Principle. Man may or may not acknowledge Operation of the Regulative Force or Power that gives him the experience of his body Mass.
Man is the Subject and is the Object of his experience called Human Existence. Such experience requires operation of two principles; 1. Mass or Matter that constitutes what is present in the Object itself without which there can be no understanding, and 2. Gravitation Force or Power that regulates the Subject’s experience of the Object’s Mass or Matter. The experience of human existence will be incomplete without the operation of the Regulative Principle or Power. The Regulative Concept and Principle helps in complete understanding of the constitution and connection of the Subject with the Object of experience. Man knows that he exists for he has the experience of his own body weight. Gravitation is a Regulative Force or Power that organizes or regulates Man’s experience without reference to the constitution of the Object. All things that have Mass experience the same Regulative Force or Power but the Regulative Principles play no part in determining the objective character of the world of appearance. Man has the Subjective experience of the Objective reality of his body Mass for he is constituted of a principle that has awareness or consciousness of such a Subjective experience. Gravitation does not determine the constitution of a man or a man’s ability called understanding.
The Material Basis of Spirituality Science. The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Human Existence. Weight is the Experience. Mass is the Constitutive Principle that defines Man’s appearance. Gravitational Force is the Regulative Principle that regulates Man’s Experience of Body Weight. The Faculty of Reasoning is important for complete understanding of Experience of Body Weight.
For experience of Body Weight, body mass is the Constitutive Principle that determines Man’s physical appearance in the world. But, this experience of body weight is not the same at all locations in the universe. Gravitational Force is the Regulative Principle that regulates or governs Man’s experience of his body mass or weight. The faculty of Reasoning is more concerned with Regulative Concepts and Principles and it is important for it provides the complete understanding of experience of Body Weight.
The Material Basis of Spirituality Science. The Constitutive and the Regulative Principles of Human Existence. THE MAN HAS EXPERIENCE OF BODY WEIGHT FOR HE THINKS HE IS A STATIONARY OBJECT. EVERY POINT ON THE SURFACE OF EARTH PARTAKES IN THE MOTIONS OF EARTH.
Man has experience of Body Weight for he thinks he is a stationary object. In realty, every point on the surface of Earth partakes in the motions of Earth. Man exists on the surface of a fast, spinning object. If Man has direct, sensory experience of the speed of Earth, Man will not have the opportunity to have the sensory experience of his Body Weight. The Regulative Concept and Principle is of fundamental value in understanding of the constitution of Man as a living object with sensory experiences. In its regulative use, reason guides our work in striving for knowledge, helping us to correct errors and arrive at more comprehensive insights.
There are several Regulative Principles that govern Man’s existence as a mortal Physical Being. Man exists in world without the ability to rule, govern, or regulate the living functions performed by the individual, living cells of his own body. It is not easy to prove the operation of such Regulative Principles using the method of experimental verification. The problem is that of constructing or constituting Man using, assembling, and putting together the building blocks of human existence. But, using the Faculty of Reasoning, Man can declare that the things in World must be considered as if they derive their existence from a higher Source of Knowledge called God or ‘Prabhu’. It does not mean that the Faculty of Reasoning can define God as an Object and give a description of what constitutes the thing called God. However, the Faculty of Reasoning as it is related to the Regulative Concepts and Principles will provide guidance to understand Man’s constitution and connection with all the objects of his experience. The Faculty of Reasoning will guide Man to use ‘Devotion’ as a method of Scientific Inquiry for he cannot construct his own existence.
I recognize ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’, a statement made by Indian thinker Shankara as the ‘Fifth Mahavakya’ or the Fifth Great Aphorism, a short, concise statement of Principle expressing a general truth about Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence. The word ‘Tat’ refers to Man’s Essence that constitutes Man’s Identity in the physical world. The word ‘Asmi’ refers to unity, harmony, agreement, concord, or arrangement of parts that will produce a singular effect that establishes oneness of that which is made up of distinct elements. The word Prabhu refers to Lord God Creator as the Supreme Being or the Supreme Power.
Dr. Rudranarasimham, Rebbapragada, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,
Father’s Name: R. Suryanarayana Murty
Sri Venkateswara University, M.B.B.S. Class of April, 1970
Andhra Pradesh Medical Council Medical Registration Number: AMC5282; Date of Registration: September 16, 1971
I recognize ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’, a statement made by Indian thinker Shankara as the ‘Fifth Mahavakya’ or the Fifth Great Aphorism, a short, concise statement of Principle expressing a general truth about Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence. The word ‘Tat’ refers to Man’s Essence that constitutes Man’s Identity in the physical world. The word ‘Asmi’ refers to unity, harmony, agreement, concord, or arrangement of parts that will produce a singular effect that establishes oneness of that which is made up of distinct elements. The word Prabhu refers to Lord God Creator as the Supreme Being or the Supreme Power.I recognize ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’, a statement made by Indian thinker Shankara as the ‘Fifth Mahavakya’ or the Fifth Great Aphorism, a short, concise statement of Principle expressing a general truth about Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence. The word ‘Tat’ refers to Man’s Essence that constitutes Man’s Identity in the physical world. The word ‘Asmi’ refers to unity, harmony, agreement, concord, or arrangement of parts that will produce a singular effect that establishes oneness of that which is made up of distinct elements. The word Prabhu refers to Lord God Creator as the Supreme Being or the Supreme Power.I recognize ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’, a statement made by Indian thinker Shankara as the ‘Fifth Mahavakya’ or the Fifth Great Aphorism, a short, concise statement of Principle expressing a general truth about Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence. The word ‘Tat’ refers to Man’s Essence that constitutes Man’s Identity in the physical world. The word ‘Asmi’ refers to unity, harmony, agreement, concord, or arrangement of parts that will produce a singular effect that establishes oneness of that which is made up of distinct elements. The word Prabhu refers to Lord God Creator as the Supreme Being or the Supreme Power.I recognize ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’, a statement made by Indian thinker Shankara as the ‘Fifth Mahavakya’ or the Fifth Great Aphorism, a short, concise statement of Principle expressing a general truth about Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence. The word ‘Tat’ refers to Man’s Essence that constitutes Man’s Identity in the physical world. The word ‘Asmi’ refers to unity, harmony, agreement, concord, or arrangement of parts that will produce a singular effect that establishes oneness of that which is made up of distinct elements. The word Prabhu refers to Lord God Creator as the Supreme Being or the Supreme Power.I recognize ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’, a statement made by Indian thinker Shankara as the ‘Fifth Mahavakya’ or the Fifth Great Aphorism, a short, concise statement of Principle expressing a general truth about Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence. The word ‘Tat’ refers to Man’s Essence that constitutes Man’s Identity in the physical world. The word ‘Asmi’ refers to unity, harmony, agreement, concord, or arrangement of parts that will produce a singular effect that establishes oneness of that which is made up of distinct elements. The word Prabhu refers to Lord God Creator as the Supreme Being or the Supreme Power.Whole Foods-Whole Inspiration-Whole LanguageWhole Foods Arrives in Ann Arbor, September 1993Whole Self-Whole Knowing: Whole Foods opened its Store in Ann Arbor on September 16, 1993. Whole Foods, Whole People and Whole Planet inspire Whole Dude to invent Whole Phrases: Whole Linguistics – Whole Language. The concept of Whole Cookie and Whole Love. Whole Dude uses the phrase Whole Linguistics to describe three entities; 1. Language User, 2. Language Interpreter and 3. Language Creator. Image Credit: Agenda Publications, Ann Arbor District Library, Issue Dates, September 1993, December 1997 and February 1998.
Whole Dude - Whole Spirituality 
