Celestial mechanics is the study of the motions of astronomical bodies as they move under the influence of their mutual gravitation. This article will explore the event named ‘AUTUMNAL EQUINOX’ that will occur in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA on Monday, September 22, 2014 at 10.29 P.M.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: AUTUMN IS THE SEASON THAT COMES BETWEEN SUMMER AND WINTER. BY OBSERVING CELESTIAL MOTIONS MAN CAN PREPARE CALENDARS FOR HIS TIMEKEEPING AND TO PREDICT THE ONSET OF SEASONS WITH PRECISION. I ADD THE PRINCIPLE CALLED DEVOTION TO INTERPRET CELESTIAL DYNAMICS.
The calculation of celestial motions is complicated because many separate forces are acting at once and all bodies are moving simultaneously. Issac Newton’s Laws of Motion and Theory of Universal Gravitation provided a physical, dynamic basis for the merely descriptive Laws of Kepler that explain the elliptical orbits of planets.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: EQUINOX IS THE TIME WHEN THE SUN CROSSES THE CELESTIAL EQUATOR MAKING NIGHT AND DAY OF EQUAL LENGTH IN ALL PARTS OF THE EARTH. TO INTERPRET THIS CELESTIAL MOTION, I USE THE PRINCIPLE CALLED DEVOTION TO GUIDE MY SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY OF MY WORLD EXPERIENCE.
The term ‘Equinox’ is used to describe the time when the Sun crosses the celestial equator making day and night of equal length in all parts of the Earth. Equinoctial point is either of the two points on the celestial sphere where the Sun’s path crosses the celestial equator. In the Northern Hemisphere, the autumnal equinox occurs around September 22-23 when the Sun appears to cross the celestial equator from north to south.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: CELESTIAL SPHERE IS AN IMAGINARY SPHERE THAT HAS THE OBSERVER AT ITS CENTER. THE CELESTIAL EQUATOR IS THE PROJECTION OF THE EARTH’S EQUATOR ONTO THE CELESTIAL SPHERE. ECLIPTIC IS THE APPARENT PATH TAKEN BY SUN IN THE CELESTIAL SPHERE. I USE THE FACTOR CALLED DEVOTION TO UNDERSTAND THE EXPERIENCE CAUSED BY CELESTIAL DYNAMICS.
Astronomical Coordinate Systems are used to indicate the positions of celestial bodies on the celestial sphere. Celestial sphere is an imaginary sphere that has the observer at its center and all other celestial bodies imagined as on its inside surface. The celestial equator is the projection of the Earth’s equator onto the celestial sphere. It is simply an imaginary line in the sky above the Earth’s equator from west to east. The Ecliptic describes the apparent path taken by the Sun in the celestial sphere.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: ASTRONOMY IS THE SCIENCE THAT STUDIES THE MOTIONS AND NATURE OF CELESTIAL BODIES. MODERN ASTRONOMY MADE A GREAT PROGRESS IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE UNIVERSE. BUT, FOR TIMEKEEPING MAN STILL DEPENDS UPON THE OBSERVED APPARENT MOTIONS OF THE SUN ACROSS THE SKY. A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY WILL BRING CONSISTENCY BETWEEN REAL AND APPARENT MOTIONS.
Astronomy is the branch of Science that studies the motions and nature of celestial bodies such as planets, stars, and galaxies. It is perhaps the oldest of the pure sciences. Astronomical observations provided a basis for the Calendar by determining the Units of Month and Year. It helps as a tool in timekeeping. Modern Astronomy has indeed made a great progress in the understanding of the Universe in which man finds his existence.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: THE MILKY WAY GALAXY SYSTEM IS JUST ONE OF THE BILLIONS OF GALAXIES THAT MAKE UP THE UNIVERSE. SUN’S PERIOD OF REVOLUTION, ITS CIRCULAR ORBIT ABOUT THE GALACTIC CENTER TAKES ABOUT 230 MILLION YEARS. HOW SHOULD WE INTERPRET THIS INFORMATION???
The Sun’s period of revolution about the Milky Way galactic center takes about 230 million years. How should we interpret this celestial motion??? It appears like a random, purposeless, unguided motion that is entirely governed by the mechanistic principles of the Laws of Physics.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: I AM ASKING MY READERS TO INTERPRET CELESTIAL DYNAMICS IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN EXISTENCE. THE UNIVERSE AS A SYSTEM SHOWS THE EVIDENCE OF UNIVERSAL ORDER WHEN CELESTIAL MOTIONS ARE EXPLAINED AS PURPOSIVE, GUIDED, AND GOAL-ORIENTED ACTIONS.CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: THE APPARENT MOTIONS OF CELESTIAL BODIES LIKE THE SUN AND THE MOON HELPS MAN IN HIS TIMEKEEPING AND IN SYNCHRONIZING HIS BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS WITH EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE CALLED DAY AND NIGHT. THIS PERCEPTION OF TIME BASED UPON APPARENT MOTION HAS REAL CONSEQUENCES AND IT GIVES MAN INDIVIDUALISTIC EXPERIENCE OF HIS OWN LIFE-SPAN.
I am asking my readers to interpret information about celestial dynamics in the context of human existence. To establish life on planet Earth and to account for the existence of life, we need a Universal System that is operated by a Universal Order.
CELESTIAL MECHANICS – A DEVOTIONAL INQUIRY: I AM INVITING MY READERS TO USE THE VALID, SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLE OF INQUIRY CALLED DEVOTION TO ACCOUNT FOR CELESTIAL DYNAMICS. IN THIS PHOTO IMAGE, THE SUNRISE DESCRIBES A PURPOSIVE, GUIDED, AND GOAL-ORIENTED ACTION.
I am inviting my readers to use the valid, scientific principle of Inquiry called ‘Devotion’ to account for celestial dynamics. Celestial Mechanics need the principle of ‘Devotion’ to account for purposive, guided, and goal-oriented actions. For the subjective, and the objective experience of life, man needs the guidance from the apparent motions of astronomical bodies such as the Sun and the Moon across the sky. A devotional inquiry would lead man to interpret Celestial Mechanics in terms of his own individualistic experience of his life-span.
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT:
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: INDIA’S NATIONAL EMBLEM PROCLAIMS THE OFFICIAL MOTTO OF INDIA, “SATYA MEVA JAYATE,” TRUTH ALONE TRIUMPHS. I SHALL TRUTHFULLY SUPPORT INDIA’S RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN STATES.
By administering the Oath to Secrecy, Government of India has ensured that I keep my affiliation with Special Frontier Force for my entire lifetime. My affiliation with Indian Army was prematurely terminated when I was forced to relinquish my Permanent Regular Commission and Government of India accepted my letter of resignation from Service with effect from January 10, 1984. However, my commitment to support the mission of Special Frontier Force is alive because of a ‘Declaration’ that Government of India obtained from me which assigns specific responsibilities for preserving India’s friendly relations with foreign states.
THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT OF 1923:
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: THIS ACT SPECIFICALLY PROHIBITS DISCLOSURE OF ANY INFORMATION THAT IS LIKELY TO AFFECT INDIA’S FRIENDLY RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN STATES. AT THE SAME TIME, THE ACT IMPOSES A SPECIAL BURDEN TO SUSTAIN INDIA’S FRIENDLY RELATIONS.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: THE ACT MAY PROHIBIT THE SHARING OF CERTAIN KINDS OF INFORMATION AND AT THE SAME TIME IT DEMANDS INDIVIDUALS TO REMEMBER THEIR AFFILIATION WITH GOVERNMENT OF INDIA AND ITS ORGANIZATIONS DURING THE ENTIRE LIFETIME WITHOUT ANY TIME LIMITS.
The Official Secrets Act 1923, extends to the whole of India and applies to servants of the Government and to citizens living in India or outside India. The disclosure of any information that is likely to affect friendly relations with foreign states is punishable by this Act. There are penalties for wrongful communication of information. The individuals who have an obligation not to disclose certain kinds of information are often required to sign an affidavit or solemn declaration that they would abide by the Law without any time limits. The Law can be used to punish the individuals for wrongful communication during any part of their lifetime. The Law and the declaration, the signed affidavit impose specific duties and responsibilities on those specific individuals. Other citizens who may not have signed any affidavit or declaration could still be subject to the provisions of the Law but they may not share the responsibilities imposed on the group of specific individuals who are required by the Government to sign the affidavit or declaration.
THE SIGNING OF AFFIDAVIT/DECLARATION AT SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE:
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: DURING THE LAST WEEK OF SEPTEMBER 1971, WHEN I JOINED DUTY AT SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE I WAS ASKED TO READ THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT 1923 AND DECLARE THE ACCEPTANCE OF MY RESPONSIBILITIES AS STATED IN THE LAW AND SIGN AN AFFIDAVIT AS A PROOF. THIS ACTION TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA KEEPS MY AFFILIATION AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR MY ENTIRE LIFETIME.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: MEMBERS OF SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CAN BE RECOGNIZED BY THE UNIFORM, BADGES ON THE CAP, SHOULDER, AND THE METAL BUCKLE OF THE BELT. MEMBERS OF THE ORGANIZATION DO NOT CONCEAL THEIR UNIFORM OR IDENTITY.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: THIS SHOULDER BADGE USED BY MEMBERS OF SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE IS ALLOWED FOR PUBLIC DISPLAY.
I joined duty at Special Frontier Force on September 22, 1971 after I attended the Basic Medical Officers’ Course( Number 20/70) at The Officers Training School, AMC Centre, Lucknow( from July to September 1970) and on completion of my Medical Internship training at Military Hospital, Ambala. At Headquarters Establishment Number. 22, C/O 56 APO, I was asked to read The Official Secrets Act 1923, Act XIX and I signed an agreement as required by Government of India’s administrative policy and guidelines. This agreement is legally binding and I am required to abide by its terms and conditions for the rest of my lifetime. In other words, I may state that I retain a lifetime commitment and that my affiliation with Special Frontier Force will endure as long as I live.
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: AT SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE, I HAVE NOT SEEN OR READ ANY CLASSIFIED, RESTRICTED, SECRET, OR TOP SECRET OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS. THE ONLY INFORMATION THAT I HAVE KNOWN IS ALREADY KNOWN TO INDIAN PEOPLE AND ALL OTHER FOREIGN STATES WITH WHICH INDIA MAINTAINS OPEN, FRIENDLY RELATIONS. THE FACT OF INDIA’S EXTERNAL RELATIONS WITH TIBET IS NOT A SECRET.
I have my individual rights to describe my life and my personal accomplishments. I fully retain my right to describe my participation in military actions specially when my role is duly recognized by my superior Officers and when I have the duty to describe the role to give the benefit of my Service Experience to all the present and future members of Indian Armed Forces. I earned this Right for I had served with total dedication to my duty without any concern about my personal safety.
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE – THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT: GOVERNMENT OF INDIA CANNOT IMPOSE THE RULES OF THE OFFICIAL SECRETS ACT AND DEMAND THAT I SHOULD NOT SHARE INFORMATION ABOUT SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE, THE MILITARY ORGANIZATION IN WHICH I HAD SERVED UNDER THE COMMAND OF BRIGADIER T S OBEROI WHO GOT PROMOTED TO THE RANK OF MAJOR GENERAL AND SERVED AS THE INSPECTOR GENERAL OF SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE.
Having served in the military organization called Special Frontier Force and because of my commitment to keep this relationship alive, I continue to promote India’s friendly relations with Tibet and foreign states such as The United States of America. India’s friendly relations with Tibet and the US should not damage India’s friendly relations with other foreign states. What may damage India’s friendly relations with foreign states could be the unnatural condition called occupation. Freedom is the natural condition that prevails in the Free World. Hence, military occupation has to be acknowledged as a lie for it is the opposite of the truth called Natural Freedom. I need not make any special effort to conceal the information about Tibet’s military occupation. I have not signed any affidavit, agreement, or declaration that I will keep the fact of Tibet’s military occupation as an Official Secret. The Official Secrets Act restricts the wrongful sharing of information. The information about Tibet’s occupation is not a State Secret. It cannot be a Secret for India has open, friendly relations with Tibet.
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON:
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: PRESIDENT RICHARD M NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON MUST BE TRACED BACK TO 1953. FOR TWO CONSECUTIVE TERMS, FROM 1953 TO 1960, NIXON SERVED AS VICE PRESIDENT DURING EISENHOWER’S PRESIDENCY.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: RICHARD M NIXON SERVED AS THE US VICE PRESIDENT FOR TWO CONSECUTIVE TERMS, 1953-1956, and 1957-1960. SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON FROM A DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVE WHICH NEEDS NO REFERENCE TO NIXON’S PAPERS.
In an article published by Common Dreams, Professor Bob Fitrakis and Harvey Wasserman claim that the right-wing columnist George Will has confirmed President Nixon’s(37th president of the US – 1969-1974) Vietnam Treason after studying the extended versions of Nixon’s papers. I establish President Nixon’s Vietnam Treason without studying any version of Nixon’s papers. The United States may like to conduct its foreign policy with utmost secrecy but in reality such secrecy is not possible for the US has established its connections with other countries who need to know the US Policy and who need to play a significant role in the fulfillment of that Policy. I am personally aware of President Nixon’s Vietnam Treason for I belong to a military organization called Special Frontier Force which came into existence in 1962 during the presidency of John F. Kennedy(35th president of the US – 1961-1963) who gave shape to the military alliance between the US, India, and Tibet that was originally formulated during the presidency of Dwight David Eisenhower(34th president of the US – 1953-1961). I am indeed aware of the US foreign policy in Southeast Asia from my early childhood due to my family connections and later when I was granted Short Service Regular Commission in the Indian Army Medical Corps and was posted to serve in Special Frontier Force which reports to the Prime Minister of India through the Directorate General of Security which includes the Research and Analysis Wing(RAW), the Indian equivalent of the US Central Intelligence Agency or CIA.
KASTURI – SARVEPALLI – MYLAPORE – MADRAS – INDIA – TIBET- US – CONNECTION:
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: FROM THIS FAMILY PICTURE OF KASTURI BROTHERS TAKEN AT MYLAPORE, MADRAS-CHENNAI, I PROCEED TO ESTABLISH THE KASTURI – SARVEPALLI – MYLAPORE – MADRAS – INDIA – TIBET – US – CONNECTION. THE FAR LEFT IS KASTURI NARAYANA MURTHY, M.D., MY MATERNAL GRANDFATHER. THE SECOND LEFT IS KASTURI SESHAGIRI RAO, THE YOUNGER BROTHER OF GRANDFATHER WHO MARRIED DR SARVEPALLI RADHAKRISHNAN’S DAUGHTER.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: 17 NOVEMBER 1954, WASHINGTON, DC USA. INDIAN VICE PRESIDENT DR SARVEPALLI RADHAKRISHNAN AND RICHARD M NIXON, THE US VICE PRESIDENT BRING INDIA, TIBET, AND THE US TOGETHER TO ADDRESS THE MILITARY THREAT POSED BY COMMUNIST CHINA’S MILITARY OCCUPATION OF TIBET.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY BEGAN ITS OPERATIONS IN TIBET DURING THE PRESIDENCY OF DWIGHT DAVID EISENHOWER AND VICE PRESIDENT RICHARD M NIXON WAS FULLY AWARE OF THE TIBETAN RESISTANCE MOVEMENT TO FIGHT CHINA’S OCCUPATION OF TIBET.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: I AM USING THIS PHOTO AS EVIDENCE TO CONFIRM NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON. DURING HIS VICE PRESIDENCY(1953-1960), THESE TIBETAN FREEDOM FIGHTERS TRAINED AT CAMP HALE, COLORADO, USA AND OTHERS WERE READILY AVAILABLE DURING HIS PRESIDENCY(1969-1974) WILLING TO FIGHT THE THREAT POSED BY COMMUNIST CHINA IN SOUTHEAST ASIA. NIXON CONCEDED THE BATTLE TO THE ENEMY AND IT IS AN ACT OF TREASON.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: IN VIETNAM THE US ARMED FORCES FOUGHT AGAINST A REAL ENEMY. COMMUNIST CHINA PARTICIPATED IN THE WAR ON BEHALF OF NORTH VIETNAM AND HENCE IS THE ENEMY. THE US, INDIA, AND TIBET CAME TOGETHER IN A MILITARY ALLIANCE TO FIGHT THE SAME ENEMY. NIXON IS GUILTY OF TREASON FOR HE CONCEDED THE BATTLE TO NATION’S ENEMY DURING WAR.SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: INDIA’S PRESIDENT DR SARVEPALLI RADHAKRISHNAN AND THE US PRESIDENT JOHN F KENNEDY FOUNDED THE MILITARY ORGANIZATION CALLED SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE DURING 1962. THIS PHOTO ON JUNE 03, 1963 SHOWS THE INDIAN PRESIDENT THANKING THE US FOR ITS MILITARY SUPPORT DURING COMMUNIST CHINA’S MILITARY AGGRESSION ACROSS THE HIMALAYAN FRONTIER DURING OCTOBER – NOVEMBER 1962.
On behalf of “The Living Tibetan Spirits” also known as “Spirits of Special Frontier Force”, I posted a comment on the article titled ‘GEORGE WILL CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON’ published on August 12, 2014 by Common Dreams. My maternal grandfather’s younger brother, Kasturi. Seshagiri Rao married Ms. Rukmini, daughter of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan of Mylapore, Madras(Chennai). Dr. Sarvepalli. Radhakrishnan’s youngest daughter still lives in Mylapore in the house owned by her father. During the Cold War Era, the diplomacy was very secret and India had a tough time for it had openly professed the policy of Non-Alignment. However, China’s military invasion of Tibet posed a huge threat to India. From 1950 to 1959, His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama had some freedom of movement and he had visited India during Buddha Jayanti Celebrations of 1956 apart from his earlier visit with China’s Prime Minister after the initiation of Panch Sheel Agreement of 1954. Both India, and Tibet had recognized that China was not willing to loosen its military grip on Tibet. India’s first Vice President, Dr. Sarvepalli. Radhakrishnan(1952-1962, two terms) conducted secret diplomacy to resolve this problem. He had visited the US during October 1954 and met with Vice President Richard M Nixon who had served as Vice President for two terms during Eisenhower’s presidency. They had established support for the Tibetan Resistance Movement and the training of Tibetan Freedom fighters at Camp Hale, Colorado, USA apart from support at other locations in Nepal, and India. Later, Dr. Radhakrishnan visited Peking in 1957 and found that China was totally unwilling to give any role to the Dalai Lama Government(the Ganden Phodrang)of Tibet founded by the Great Fifth Dalai Lama in 1642. Then, the US, India, and Tibet intensified the Struggle for Freedom and it culminated in ‘The Tibetan Uprising of March 1959’. This revolt against Communist China’s occupation of Tibet failed as the CIA underestimated China’s military capability inside Tibet. His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama had arrived in India with some assistance from the CIA. The US Congress provided financial assistance to help the Tibetan Exile community in India and the Tibetan Government-in-Exile was established at Dharamshala, India. In 1962, China had retaliated against India for the US has continued its support for the Tibetan Resistance Movement. India got immediate assistance from President John F. Kennedy and China was forced to declare unilateral ceasefire on November 21, 1962. During Dr. Radhakrishnan’s presidency(1962-1967), Special Frontier Force was founded and its military mission aims to evict China from Tibet. Dr. Radhakrishnan had visited the US during June 1963 to thank President Kennedy for his support during the 1962 War. During President Johnson’s time, the US was fighting a bitter and bloody battle in Vietnam. India was giving some logistical assistance to the US. The CIA wanted to open a second battle front against China and wanted Special Frontier Force to attack China inside Tibet. I was serving in Special Frontier Force(1971-1974) and we were ready to fight that War even if it meant a certain death. We were fully willing to die to fight America’s battle against Communism as it gave us the only opportunity to confront the military might of Communist China. North Vietnam was fighting a proxy war on behalf of China and the Soviet Union. When Nixon became the 37th US President, the Vietnam War continued with US forces making numerous sacrifices in life and limb. Nixon utterly failed to direct the war effort against China. Nixon ordered invasion of Cambodia during 1970, ordered invasion of Laos during 1971 and even ordered saturation bombing of North Vietnam while he totally ignored Communist China’s role in Vietnam War and failed to treat the Enemy as the Enemy. Special Frontier Force is appalled by President Nixon’s visit to Peking during February 1972 while the US was bleeding in Vietnam. Nixon’s efforts to befriend Communist China made no difference and it was of no help or of any consolation to the US troops who continued to get killed or injured in Vietnam. At Special Frontier Force, we are of the opinion that President Nixon could have won in Vietnam if he had sanctioned the new battle front against China inside Tibet. Special Frontier Force is willing to fight this battle against China without asking the US to participate in the ground battle. I must concede that India was not fully willing to openly support the US in its Vietnam War and India was unwilling to send its troops to fight in Vietnam. It does not mean that India is not willing to fight the threat posed by Communism in Southeast Asia. From 1950s, India befriended the US to meet the security challenge posed by China’s military invasion of Tibet. If not in Vietnam, Special Frontier Force wanted to accomplish the US foreign policy objectives in Southeast Asia by taking action against China’s military occupation of Tibet. To win its Vietnam War, the US had no option other than that of fighting China and stop its support to North Vietnam. It could be a difficult task and may demand much human sacrifice. I am not blaming Nixon for not using the US Armed Forces to extend its military operations against China. There is a better way to fight China. We should not let the Enemy decide the Battle that he wants to Fight. With no cost to the US lives, Special Frontier Force could have chosen a battlefield and would have compelled China to reduce its support to North Vietnam. Nixon conceded the battle to the Enemy during War. For this reason, on behalf of Special Frontier Force, I confirm Nixon’s Treason in Vietnam. His presidency must account for the most humiliating defeat that is ever experienced by the US Armed Forces in their entire history.
George Will Confirms Nixon’s Vietnam Treason by Bob Fitrakis and Harvey WassermanThe new release of extended versions of Nixon’s papers now confirms this long-standing belief, usually dismissed as a “conspiracy theory” by Republican conservatives. Now it has been substantiated by none other than right-wing columnist George Will.
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE CONFIRMS NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON: ON BEHALF OF SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE, I CONFIRM PRESIDENT RICHARD M NIXON’S VIETNAM TREASON. TO WIN THE WAR, THE US HAD NO OPTION OTHER THAN THAT OF FIGHTING CHINA AND STOP ITS SUPPORT TO NORTH VIETNAM. NIXON’S TREASON ENSURED A HUMILIATING DEFEAT FOR THE US ARMED FORCES.
President Nixon, with edited transcripts of Nixon White House Tape conversations during broadcast of his address to the Nation, on April 29, 1974.
Richard Nixon was a traitor.
The new release of extended versions of Nixon’s papers now confirms this long-standing belief, usually dismissed as a “conspiracy theory” by Republican conservatives. Now it has been substantiated by none other than right-wing columnist George Will.
Nixon’s newly revealed records show for certain that in 1968, as a presidential candidate, he ordered Anna Chennault, his liaison to the South Vietnam government, to persuade them refuse a cease-fire being brokered by President Lyndon Johnson.
Nixon’s interference with these negotiations violated President John Adams’s 1797 Logan Act, banning private citizens from intruding into official government negotiations with a foreign nation.
Published as the 40th Anniversary of Nixon’s resignation approaches, Will’s column confirms that Nixon feared public disclosure of his role in sabotaging the 1968 Vietnam peace talks. Will says Nixon established a “plumbers unit” to stop potential leaks of information that might damage him, including documentation he believed was held by the Brookings Institute, a liberal think tank. The Plumbers’ later break-in at the Democratic National Committee led to the Watergate scandal that brought Nixon down.
Nixon’s sabotage of the Vietnam peace talks was confirmed by transcripts of FBI wiretaps. On November 2, 1968, LBJ received a FBI report saying Chernnault told the South Vietnamese ambassador that “she had received a message from her boss: saying the Vietnamese should “hold on, we are gonna win.”
As Will confirms, Vietnamese did “hold on,” the war proceeded and Nixon did win, changing forever the face of American politics—with the shadow of treason permanently embedded in its DNA.
The treason came in 1968 as the Vietnam War reached a critical turning point. President Lyndon Johnson was desperate for a truce between North and South Vietnam.
LBJ had an ulterior motive: his Vice President, Hubert Humphrey, was in a tight presidential race against Richard Nixon. With demonstrators in the streets, Humphrey desperately needed a cease-fire to get him into the White House.
Johnson had it all but wrapped it. With a combination of gentle and iron-fisted persuasion, he forced the leaders of South Vietnam into an all-but-final agreement with the North. A cease-fire was imminent, and Humphrey’s election seemed assured.
But at the last-minute, the South Vietnamese pulled out. LBJ suspected Nixon had intervened to stop them from signing a peace treaty.
In the Price of Power (1983), Seymour Hersh revealed Henry Kissinger—then Johnson’s advisor on Vietnam peace talks—secretly alerted Nixon’s staff that a truce was imminent.
According to Hersh, Nixon “was able to get a series of messages to the Thieu government [of South Vietnam] making it clear that a Nixon presidency would have different views on peace negotiations.”
Johnson was livid. He even called the Republican Senate Minority Leader, Everett Dirksen, to complain that “they oughtn’t be doing this. This is treason.”
“I know,” was Dirksen’s feeble reply.
Johnson blasted Nixon about this on November 3, just prior to the election. As Robert Parry of consortiumnews.com has written: “when Johnson confronted Nixon with evidence of the peace-talk sabotage, Nixon insisted on his innocence but acknowledged that he knew what was at stake.”
Said Nixon: “My, I would never do anything to encourage….Saigon not to come to the table….Good God, we’ve got to get them to Paris or you can’t have peace.”
But South Vietnamese President General Theiu—a notorious drug and gun runner—did boycott Johnson’s Paris peace talks. With the war still raging, Nixon claimed a narrow victory over Humphrey. He then made Kissinger his own national security advisor.
In the four years between the sabotage and what Kissinger termed “peace at hand” just prior to the 1972 election, more than 20,000 US troops died in Vietnam. More than 100,000 were wounded. More than a million Vietnamese were killed.
But in 1973, Kissinger was given the Nobel Peace Prize for negotiating the same settlement he helped sabotage in 1968.
According to Parry, LBJ wanted to go public with Nixon’s treason. But Clark Clifford, an architect of the CIA and a pillar of the Washington establishment, talked Johnson out of it. LBJ’s close confidant warned that the revelation would shake the foundations of the nation.
In particular, Clifford told Johnson (in a taped conversation) that “some elements of the story are so shocking in their nature that I’m wondering whether it would be good for the country to disclose the story and then possibly have [Nixon] elected. It could cast his whole administration under such doubt that I think it would be inimical to our country’s best interests.”
In other words, Clifford told LBJ that the country couldn’t handle the reality that its president was a certifiable traitor, eligible for legal execution.
Fittingly, Clark Clifford’s upper-crust career ended in the disgrace of his entanglement with the crooked Bank of Credit and Commerce (BCCI), which financed the terrorist group Al Qaeda and whose scandalous downfall tainted the Agency he helped found.
Johnson lived four years after he left office, tormented by the disastrous war that destroyed his presidency and his retirement. Nixon won re-election in 1972, again with a host of dirty dealings, then became the first American president to resign in disgrace.
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WHOLE COOKIE – LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE: SIR ISSAC NEWTON DISCOVERED THE THEORY OF GRAVITATION WHEN AN APPLE FELL DOWN FROM THE TREE. I MADE THE WHOLE DISCOVERY CALLED “WHOLE LOVE” BY SIMPLY LOOKING AT THESE 365 EVERYDAY VALUE MISMATCHED SANDWICH CREMES. I CAN DESCRIBE LOVE AS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE.
What is Love? Is it a Force of Mutual Attraction?
Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727), English mathematician and Natural philosopher formulated the Laws of Gravity and Motion. Gravitation causes apples to fall from trees and determines the orbits of planets around the Sun.
WHOLE COOKIE – LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE: ISSAC NEWTON FORMULATED THE THEORY TO EXPLAIN GRAVITATION CAUSES APPLES TO FALL FROM TREES. LIKE OTHER FUNDAMENTAL FORCES OF NATURE THAT OPERATE FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS, LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE THAT BRINGS UNITY BETWEEN GOD, MATTER, ENERGY, SOUL, AND LIVING BEINGS.
Physics describes four basic forces. All of the known forces of Nature can be traced to these Fundamental Interactions. All known physical interactions of Matter occur through the agency of these four basic, or Fundamental, kinds of forces; 1. Gravitation, 2. Electromagnetism, 3. The Strong Nuclear Force, and 4. The Weak Nuclear Force. Gravitation and Electromagnetism act over long distances and it is easy to observe their effects. The Strong and The Weak Nuclear Forces have a limited range of effect as it is limited to subatomic distances. Gravitation is the pervasive interaction operating in the universe and it governs the motions of various celestial bodies.
WHOLE COOKIE – LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE: THE FUNDAMENTAL FORCE CALLED GRAVITATION DETERMINES THE ORBITS OF PLANETS AROUND THE SUN. IN MY OPINION, THE FOUR BASIC FORCES ARE DIFFERENT MANIFESTATIONS OF THE SAME FUNDAMENTAL FORCE CALLED LOVE.
In Physics, the term Fundamental is used to describe a Principle, Theory, Law etc., serving as a basis forming a foundation that could be essential to explain interactions in the Natural World. In Physics, the term Force is used to describe the Cause or Agent that puts an object at rest into motion or alters the motion of a moving object. However, the mechanistic principles of Physics cannot account for Biotic Interactions. There is a fundamental distinction or dualism that concerns Matter for it can be divided or separated into animate and inanimate, or Living and Nonliving Matter. The theories, principles, and laws shared by Physics cannot explain the basic functions of Living Matter found in all living things. Hence, we need a Unification Theory to explain all kinds of Fundamental Interactions including the Biotic Interactions for a correct understanding of the World and the Universe in which man finds his existence.
WHOLE COOKIE – LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE: AMOEBA PROTEUS IS A SIMPLE LIVING ORGANISM THAT CAN BE USED TO STUDY THE POWER/FORCE/ENERGY CALLED LOVE AND TO EXPLAIN LOVE AS THE FUNDAMENTAL FORCE TO BRING UNITY BETWEEN GOD, MATTER, ENERGY, AND LIFE.
The Living Matter is characterized by the presence of a substance or living material called Protoplasm or Cytoplasm. Living Matter can be recognized by studying the functions it performs. Living things perform two kinds of basic functions, 1. Motion, and 2. Nutrition. Protoplasm or Cytoplasm is in a constant state or condition called motion and the motion is often called ‘Amoeboid’ for it mimics the typical motion exhibited by Amoeba proteus. The second type of motion is called ‘Cytoplasmic Streaming’ or Protoplasmic Streaming.
WHOLE COOKIE – LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE: AMOEBOID MOTION IS A PROPERTY OF LIVING MATTER CALLED PROTOPLASM OR CYTOPLASM. THE LAWS OF PHYSICS CANNOT ACCOUNT FOR THE MOTION DISPLAYED BY LIVING MATTER THAT CONSTITUTES THE SUBSTANCE OF LIVING THINGS.WHOLE COOKIE – LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE: THE LIVING MATTER CALLED PROTOPLASM OR CYTOPLASM EXISTS IN TWO PHYSICAL CONDITIONS, 1. GELATINOUS(GEL), AND 2. COMPLEX SOLUTION(SOL). IN A PLANT CELL, WE CAN EASILY OBSERVE THE STREAMING MOVEMENT OF CYTOPLASM(SOL). THE LAWS OF PHYSICS CANNOT GOVERN THE MOTION THAT IS A FUNDAMENTAL NATURE OF LIVING MATTER.
The second most important function of Living Matter or Substance named Protoplasm or Cytoplasm is stated as its Power of Nutrition. In Physiology, the term ‘Nutrition’ is used to describe the power of a living cell to attract matter found in its external environment.
WHOLE COOKIE – LOVE IS A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE: THE LIVING CELL IS THERMODYNAMICALLY UNSTABLE. TO EXIST, THE LIVING CELL NEEDS CONTINUOUS SUPPLY OF MATTER AND ENERGY FROM ITS EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT. PROTOPLASM OR CYTOPLASM USES THE POWER OF NUTRITION TO ACQUIRE MATTER AND ENERGY FROM ITS EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT AND ENABLES THE LIVING CELL TO PERFORM A VARIETY OF LIVING FUNCTIONS CALLED METABOLISM.
Every particle of Matter seems to attract every other particle of Matter with a force that is proportional to the mass of each and inversely proportional to the square of their separation. This Newton’s Theory of Gravitation is Fundamental, in the sense that all motion due to the gravitational forces exerted on all objects can be described as a result of the same Force. However, in Biological Science, the understanding of characteristics such as Motion and the Power of Attraction called ‘Nutrition’ need a different basis as Living Things attract matter in a selective manner, certain substances are actively absorbed and certain substances are rejected and expelled by the Cell after their absorption if needed. I describe Spirit or Soul as the Vital, Animating, Life Principle found in all Living Things. If Spirit and Soul is viewed as the basis to explain the phenomenon called ‘Life’, in Natural World, all kinds of existence demand the operation of a Force that can bring Unity among the kinds of forces. Ultimately, the orderly functioning of the Universe demands the synchronization of the Forces that operate the Natural Order. I propose my ‘Whole Love’ Theory to explain the synchronization of all the Forces that operate the Natural Order. Love is also used to describe an intimate relationship with deep understanding which demands the act of sharing one’s thoughts and emotions with another person or others. When Love is defined as a Fundamental Force, I am sharing a concept that brings Unity between the animate and inanimate World. If this concept of ‘Whole Love’ is not appetizing, I would invite you to try some 365 Everyday Value Mismatched Sandwich Cremes sold exclusively at Whole Foods to know the Power of Attraction called LOVE.
WHOLE COOKIE – WHOLE LOVE – WHOLE COMMUNION: I WILL ASK MY READERS TO PRAYERFULLY REFLECT UPON THE CONCEPT OF HOLY COMMUNION. THE SACRAMENT KNOWN AS EUCHARIST DOES NOT ESTABLISH THE TRADITION TO CELEBRATE THE DIVINE LAW OF LOVE.
I will ask my readers to prayerfully reflect upon the concept of Holy Communion, the Sacrament known as ‘Eucharist’ and it does not establish the tradition to celebrate the Divine Law of Love that replaced the ‘TORAH’. Judas Iscariot, the twelfth disciple of Jesus had participated in Lord’s Supper and betrayed the Lord just after receiving the consecrated bread and wine directly shared by the Lord. If only Judas had loved the Lord, the betrayal would have been impossible. The Holy Communion is incomplete, is imperfect and is not Wholesome until the Command to Love One Another is fulfilled. Hence, I want to make a fundamental distinction between Holy Communion and “Whole Communion” in which the “Whole Sacrament” is received to reflect man’s participation and adherence to the Law of Love. I want to share the concept of ‘Whole Communion’, a “Whole Sacrament” in remembrance of Jesus Christ and His Ministry on Earth.
WHOLE COOKIE – WHOLE LOVE – WHOLE COMMUNION: SACRAMENT IS AN OUTWARD SIGN OF SOMETHING SACRED. CATHOLICS RECOGNIZE SEVEN SACRAMENTS AND PROTESTANTS RECOGNIZE BAPTISM AND COMMUNION. NONE OF THEM RECOGNIZE THE COVENANT OF LOVE.
The term ‘Sacrament’ refers to an outward sign of something sacred. Roman Catholics, the Orthodox, and the Anglicans may believe in seven Sacraments; 1. Eucharist, 2. Baptism, 3. Confirmation, 4. Penance or Reconciliation, 5. Anointing of the Sick, 6. Marriage, and 7. Holy Orders. Protestants recognize two Sacraments, Baptism and Holy Communion. None of these sacred rituals and observances are directly related to the two Greatest Commandments proclaimed by Jesus Christ.
WHOLE COOKIE – WHOLE LOVE – WHOLE COMMUNION: JESUS CHRIST CELEBRATED HIS LAST SUPPER THE NIGHT BEFORE HIS CRUCIFIXION. HE ESTABLISHED A NEW COVENANT SO THAT A NEW RELATIONSHIP COULD BE CREATED BETWEEN GOD, CHRIST, AND MAN. JUDAS, THE TWELFTH BETRAYED THE LORD FOR HE DID NOT PARTICIPATE IN THE NEW COVENANT OR COMMAND TO LOVE ONE ANOTHER.
Lord’s Supper was the Last Supper that Jesus had shared with His twelve disciples on the night before His Crucifixion. Christ offered Himself to God as a sacrifice for sin so that a new relationship could be created by God between Himself and the redeemed community of believers. Lord’s Supper is a proclamation of the Lord’s death as a Sacrament until He returns to Earth. It could be correct to claim that Lord’s Supper is the Memorial of a Sacrifice. When believers receive the consecrated bread and wine, their participation is not a repetition of the Sacrifice of Christ made at Calvary. The act of sharing bread and wine which are used as symbols of Body and Blood of Jesus, will not constitute a participation in the self-offering that Christ has made. Virtually all Christian Churches celebrate the practice of Holy Communion and the ‘Mass’ is held as a real though mystical reenactment of the Christ on the Cross and in expectation of the arrival of the Kingdom of God in its fullness. Churches believe that the recipient of the Sacrament is united mystically with Christ by simply receiving the consecrated bread and wine. Judas participated in the Holy Communion and received the sacrament directly from the hands of Jesus but there was no mystical union between the recipient and the Christ. In my view, the bread and wine partaken in remembrance of Christ’s atoning death cannot be viewed as man’s participation in the Sacrifice and man has no ability to offer himself to atone his own sins. Between man and God, the relationship demands a new basis, a new Law, and a new Covenant.
WHOLE COOKIE – WHOLE LOVE – WHOLE COMMUNION: THE CELEBRATION OF LORD’S SUPPER, EUCHARIST, MASS, AND HOLY COMMUNION DEMANDS THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A NEW RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GOD, CHRIST, AND MAN, A RELATIONSHIP THAT USES LOVE AS THE BOND THAT UNITES ALL. THE FULFILLMENT THAT JESUS DESIRES IS THAT OF THE FULFILLMENT IN THE KINGDOM OF GOD.
In the New Testament Book of LUKE, Chapter 22, verse 18, Jesus has explicitly stated: “For I tell you I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until the Kingdom of God comes.” In my view, there is no fulfillment of Communion without the fulfillment of the Law of Love that demands man to Love One Another.
WHOLE CHRIST – WHOLE LOVE – WHOLE SACRIFICE:
WHOLE COOKIE – WHOLE LOVE – WHOLE COMMUNION – WHOLE SACRIFICE: COMMUNION IS THE ACT OF SHARING ONE’S THOUGHTS AND EMOTIONS WITH ANOTHER OR OTHERS. MAN CANNOT PARTICIPATE IN THE ACT OF SELF-SACRIFICE TO ATONE HIMSELF. MAN HAS TO FIND FULFILLMENT IN CHRIST’S ACT OF WHOLE SACRIFICE FOR HE BORE THE SINS OF MANY AND MADE INTERCESSION FOR ALL TRANSGRESSORS.
The term ‘Communion’ means the act of sharing one’s thoughts and emotions with another or others. It describes an intimate relationship with deep understanding. In the context of the ‘Whole Sacrifice’, the Christ who bore the sin of many, and made intercession for all the transgressors, the term ‘Communion’ must be used in a celebration that is more significant than that of professing the same faith and practicing the same religious rites. The New Testament Book of LUKE, Chapter 22, verses 7 to 23 describe the Last Supper on the night before the Crucifixion; “And He said to them, ‘I have eagerly desired to eat this Passover with you before I suffer. For I tell you, I will not eat it again until it finds fulfillment in the Kingdom of God’.” The ‘Whole Sacrifice’ derives its meaning and purpose in Christ’s expectation of fulfillment in the Kingdom of God. The instructions for Lord’s Supper are shared in the New Testament Book of 1 CORINTHIANS, Chapter 11, verses 17 to 34; “For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until He comes.” The New Testament Book of ROMANS, Chapter 12, verse 1 describes the concept of ‘Living Sacrifice’; “Therefore, I urge you, brothers, in view of God’s mercy, to offer your bodies as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God – this is your spiritual act of worship.” In my view, this spiritual act of worship is about the two Greatest Commandments that Jesus proclaimed. The praise of God, and the worship of God demand the following of Command. The fulfillment of ‘Whole Sacrifice’ demands a Living Sacrifice, a new spiritual act of worship by following the Command to Love One Another and seeking relationship with God through the Love of Christ.
WHOLE COOKIE – WHOLE CREME – WHOLE COMMUNION:
WHOLE COOKIE – WHOLE LOVE – WHOLE COMMUNION: LOVE IS THE BOND THAT UNITES ALL VIRTUES. LOVE IS THE BASIS FOR THE BONDING BETWEEN MAN, CHRIST, AND GOD. LOVE DOES NO HARM TO ITS NEIGHBOR. THEREFORE LOVE IS THE FULFILLMENT OF THE LAW. THIS WHOLE COOKIE CALLED 365 EVERYDAY VALUE MISMATCHED SANDWICH CREMES WILL SYMBOLIZE WHOLE LOVE THAT BRINGS UNITY BETWEEN MEN, CHRIST, AND GOD.
The New Testament Book of ROMANS, Chapter 13, verse 8 reminds, “Let no debt remain outstanding except the continuing debt to love one another, for he who loves his fellow-man has fulfilled the Law.” Similarly, ROMANS asks us to seek the fulfillment of the Law which has specifically taken the place of the ‘TORAH’. “Love does no harm to its neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the Law.”(Romans:13:10) For the mystical union between man and God, the requirement is that of the fulfillment of the Law. I discovered the meaning of Love, the fulfillment of the Law when I had purchased the 365 Everyday Value Mismatched Cremes at Whole Foods, Ann Arbor on Wednesday, July 30, 2014. The Creme symbolizes God’s essential Nature called Love, the Love that brings Unity by developing bonding relationships. If I am the Creme, I will inherit the Nature of Love. If I am the Creme, there is Unity between me and God through Christ and this bonding is symbolized by the Vanilla Cookie. The Command to Love One Another is symbolized by the Chocolate Cookie to which I am attached because of the ‘Whole Creme’ that symbolizes God’s Essence or Nature called Love. In remembrance of Christ’s Whole Sacrifice, I shall profess ‘Whole Love’ by celebrating the Sacrament of ‘Whole Communion’ while I eat and share these ‘Whole Cookies’.
WHAT WOULD KRISHNA DO?: PROFESSOR JONARDON GANERI TEACHES AT THE SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES(SOAS), UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. HE SHARED HIS VIEWS ON HINDUISM IN AN INTERVIEW THAT IS PUBLISHED BY THE NEW YORK TIMES.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE THREE FORMS OF GOD: IF MAN IS THE INVESTIGATOR SEARCHING TO FIND GOD, IT IS MOST LIKELY FOR MAN TO DISCOVER GOD IN MORE THAN ONE FORM. INDIAN TRADITION DESCRIBES THREE FORMS OF GOD WHILE DESCRIBING GOD AS THE ULTIMATE REALITY OR ABSOLUTE TRUTH.
Firstly, I want to express my thanks to Dr. K. Srinivasa Rao for sharing his view about the three forms of God in response to the views shared by Professor Jonardon Ganeri. In India, I grew up in a traditional family and a tradition that I still respect is that of not talking back to my elders. When elders speak, I just listen and I refrain and restrain myself from expressing any urge to respond to the view openly stated. Indian tradition is based upon respect and obedience. A person is considered to be stiff-necked, arrogant, or disobedient if he speaks to contradict the statement of an elder. However, the tradition has not stated that I may not refute an argument if the argument is submitted in writing. A view which is presented in writing can be rejected by using a written statement. To that extent, I respectfully seek the permission of Dr. K. Srinivasa Rao to reject his argument about the existence of God for it is based on information that cannot be verified. A thing is said to be true if it has correspondence with an external reality. Science uses a verification principle to make valid claims and if a thing is said to be true, Science asks as to why it could be true. However, there are problems in any discussion if the terms used in the conversation have no defined meanings. If the reality of the universe has to be discussed on the basis of three orders such as 1. God, 2. Man, and 3. Matter, disagreements surface immediately as there is no agreed definition of any of these terms. We should not be surprised to note that three Indian scholars such as Shankara, Ramanuja, and Madhva have shared three different opinions after reading the same books such as the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, and other related texts. Firstly, I must remind all of you that there is no general agreement among scientists in defining the commonly used terms like man, life, and existence.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THREE FORMS OF GOD: MAN CANNOT COMMUNICATE HIS THOUGHTS AND CANNOT EXPRESS HIS FEELINGS ABOUT THE EXISTENCE OF GOD IF THE DIVINE ATTRIBUTE CALLED HUMAN LANGUAGE IS NOT PRESENT. TO SPEAK ABOUT THREE FORMS OF GOD, I MUST FIRST PAY MY RESPECTFUL TRIBUTES TO GODDESS SARASVATI, THE GODDESS OF SPEECH(VAK), PURE KNOWLEDGE, AND PERFECT WISDOM.
If the term human species is correctly defined, we will be able to identify man correctly. In my view, man has arrived on planet Earth about 10,000 years ago while Earth has a long, proven history of its natural existence. To that extent, all human languages are of recent origin and no language could be older than 6,000 years. In the practice of Medicine, we recognize three aspects of Human Speech function; 1.Written Speech, 2. Vocalized Speech, and 3. Reading. The function called Speech may also be helped by the sensory perception called hearing. To establish the identity of the Human Species(Homo sapiens sapiens), I depend upon identifying the ability to perform the Speech function in all its aspects. It could be true to claim that some members of the Human Species may not be able to read, write, or communicate using a human language. But, by simple physical, and medical examination of any human individual, I can easily establish that the individual has the potential ability to speak, read, and write. The origin or the Beginning of Human Speech is a creative event. All of us use the same anatomical structures, use the same neuro-physiological mechanisms, and yet we developed a variety of human languages and it makes communication a big challenge if not impossible. The Biblical story of The Tower of Babel tells as to how this confusion of languages was caused by the Creator. What I can easily verify and prove is the fact of the creative use of a mechanism to generate variety that could be aesthetically gratifying. If not proving the existence of a Creator, we have to still explain the creative process and the creative mechanism that is involved in the origin of Human Language and Speech.
THE CREATOR GOD – LORD BRAHMA – THE UNCERTAIN “GOD”:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THREE FORMS OF GOD: THE CREATOR GOD. IN INDIAN TRADITION, LORD BRAHMA IS THE CREATOR, THE CREATOR OF THE PHYSICAL UNIVERSE AND THE LIVING FORMS. EVERY OBJECT IN THE CREATED UNIVERSE CAN ONLY EXIST AS AN ORIGINAL OBJECT AND HAS NO CHOICE OF ITS OWN.
Each living thing, including man exists in this world as an original, one of its own kind, distinctive, unique object that can be known as a specific individual using the current scientific identification technology. A colony of cloned bacteria with the same genome can be proved to be a mob of Individuals. No living thing has a choice about its nature of existence as an Individual with Individuality. Man cannot create two identical living things using the current reproductive technologies such as cloning. There could be a barrier between man and the Creator but there are no barriers to the creative process called The Law of Generation and Propagation. We cannot generate and propagate any living species without causing the creation of their Individuality. There is no uncertainty about a Creative Process, or Creative Principle that could be causing a Creative Beginning. Science has no power to overcome the Creative Principle that is operating the creation of living things. Man can create objects using mechanical principles and the process cannot be called ‘Natural Creation.’ If Science is concerned with Nature, Natural Science explains that all objects exist as created objects. In this vast universe to the extent man has explored and verified, planet Earth exists as an original object, one of its own kind. We have not yet discovered a second celestial object that can be known as Earth.
THE MAINTAINER GOD – LORD VISHNU – “THE UNAVAILABLE GOD”:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THREE FORMS OF GOD: THE MAINTAINER GOD. IN INDIAN TRADITION, LORD MAHA VISHNU IS THE MAINTAINER, THE SUSTAINER, AND THE PRESERVER OF THE CREATED BEINGS. ALL LIVING THINGS LIVE BY PERFORMING LIVING FUNCTIONS AND THE MOST IMPORTANT IS CALLED METABOLISM, THE MAKING, THE BREAKING, AND THE REPAIRING OF THE NUMEROUS BIOMOLECULES OF LIFE. MAN, WHO IS CONSTITUTED BY TRILLIONS OF INDEPENDENT LIVING CELLS HAS NO CORTICAL AWARENESS OF THESE MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES.
It must be properly understood that man cannot account for his own existence. In Nature, man does not exist on account of his physical, or mental work. In Nature, all living things depend upon an external source of matter and energy to establish the fact of their physical existence. The term ‘Life’ is the description of the living functions performed by things that possess Life. In Science, the term ‘Metabolism’ is used to describe as to how living things maintain their life by constantly making, repairing, and breaking a variety of molecules. There is no ‘LIFE’ if the function called ‘Maintenance or Metabolism’ is observed. The Knowledge to perform this living function called ‘Metabolism’ is not acquired from learning or experience. It is the most creative mechanism to transfer matter and energy from the nonliving to the living. This constant, cyclical movement of matter and energy in Nature can be easily observed and verified. The entire mechanism of Photosynthesis is scientifically verified and we can see the flow of Carbon molecules through both living and nonliving things. What we consume as food to maintain our daily existence is created on a daily basis. Plants do not buy sugars from the grocery stores. Each and every time, plants create new biomolecules that animals and man consume. We cannot refute the existence of this creative Maintenance Mechanism while we are uncertain about the Maintainer God. In the practice of Medicine which involves dealing with human pain, suffering, and misery, it can be observed that people have different levels of pain tolerance, pain resistance, stress tolerance, and stress resistance. Patients who tend to believe in a Maintainer God tend to tolerate pain better and cope with stress better and derive a sense of peace, harmony, and tranquility while facing challenges to their mortal existence. The concept of VISHNU as a Maintainer is about this living condition called Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility. For I observe the process of aging, maturity, and natural death, I can easily know that some people make the transition from Life to Death with a sense of Peace, Calm and Dignity. The Savior saves the human sense of Self-Respect, and Dignity even if the fact of death cannot be avoided.
THE DESTROYER GOD – LORD SHIVA – “THE UNNECESSARY GOD”:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THREE FORMS OF GOD: THE DESTROYER GOD. IN INDIAN TRADITION LORD SHIVA OR LORD MAHADEVA IS THE GOD OF DISSOLUTION. LIFE CANNOT EXIST WITHOUT THE OPERATION OF ORGANIC DECAY, DECOMPOSITION, AND DISSOLUTION OF COMPLEX FORMS INTO THEIR CONSTITUENT SIMPLER MOLECULES. GOD INSTITUTED THE MECHANISM OF DEATH TO CREATE LIFE USING THE LAW OF GENERATION AND PROPAGATION.
Most people who know the Science about Human Growth and Development or Embryology understand the role of programmed cellular death events for the embryo and fetus to develop into a baby. The baby gets its existence from a Single, Fertilized Egg Cell called Zygote. This Cell divides, multiplies, differentiates to develop into a baby that we can easily recognize. This creative process demands the death of some of the newly born cells as per a predetermined program. Apart from external features like nose, ears, and lips, every organ has to grow to attain a specific size, shape, and defined features and this is accomplished by dissolution of life. Death and dissolution are not unnecessary and the reality is, there is no Life if the intervention called Death is not operating in Nature. Every living thing lives because of the fact of dying and death. We cannot establish the Physical Reality called Life without using the Principle of Dissolution and Death. In the cyclical flow of molecules like Carbon, Phosphorus and others in Nature, the creative mechanism of Death and Dissolution provides the driving force.
To account for human existence we need, 1. A Father Principle, the Originating Principle, the Sperm Cell, 2. A Mother Principle, the Provider Principle, the Egg Cell, the source of maternal cytoplasm, the provider of energy or mitochondria that the Cell uses to create Chemical Energy using Oxidative-Reduction Chemical Reactions, 3. The Creative Principle to get birth as an Individual with Individuality, 4. The Maintainer Principle to sustain Life using creative mechanisms to acquire matter and energy, and 5. The Destroyer Principle to get Life using the organic process of death, decay, and dissolution.
On Wednesday, August 13, 2014 5:13 PM, Srinivasa Rao Kankipati wrote:
Religion is an effort to explain Nature, not to explain God. In their attempt to explain Nature, with the help of the abilities possessed by them and the means at their disposal, early men posited God as the Originator, Maintainer and Destroyer of the universe.
They postulated that a God sitting outside the universe must have created the universe. To be fair to them, we cannot refute their postulate. Man is a recent product in the universe. The date of birth is the universe goes back to billions of years. But the date of birth of modern man or even his primate ancestors is only some millions of years ago at most. By the time man appeared on the scene, the universe was quite a developed affair. So man, in his early stage of his existence on this planet, had nothing but awe at the wonder of the universe and it was quite natural for him to attribute everything in the universe as the handiwork of an all-powerful Almighty. In fact, any other approach would have been preposterous and out of the intellectual grasp of contemporary men in general. The great characteristic feature of the universe is that man, though part of nature, is endowed by the very same nature with some remarkable abilities. These abilities came in the form of a thinking mind, with its fantastic attributes of unusual memory power, unending inquisitiveness and urge to explore, and unbounded imagination. Not only so, man’s evolution through the millions of years of his existence has been vastly superior and faster than that of the surrounding nature itself. So while in the early stages man with his limited abilities was looking at nature which was in an advanced and an almost completed stage, at his later stages a highly evolved man started looking at nature which was not much different from what it was at the beginning of his exploration. But at the same time we cannot support his primitive hypotheses either. A little reflection would suggest that we are like an insect in an inflated opaque balloon: just as the insect cannot know anything existing outside the balloon, so also we do not know anything existing outside the universe. Another view entertained by man in his early analysis of nature was that God is immanent in the universe and that He is manifesting himself as the universe, underlying every part of His creation, that He, the real One, has apparently become the Many. Let us call this the “OM” principle. This explanation can be a more plausible one. It tries to unify all creation and to remove the feeling of difference and separateness between being and being. It even seeks to remove any difference between a being and a nonliving thing. This makes for harmony among all religions and peace among people. In fact, it is one of the grandest ideas of man. It compels our admiration for its simplicity and reach. If only practiced by all men, the OM principle would have eliminated all ill-feeling and friction caused by religions which came into existence by and by. Religions, though advocating one God, also advocated that their own God is different from the God of other religions. This lead the blind followers of the prophets concerned to reject the generality of human beings and practice the killing of the followers of other prophets. They have the worst fanaticism and believe that their own God would be pleased if people not converted to their belief were eliminated. Never mind that reason tells that they are also children of the same God. They had to be labelled as the children of some other God if not of some Devil and had to be exterminated. Philosophers are not sure whether the universe was created by any God at all or whether it has come into existence by the operation of some law without the intervention of an outside agency. However they give the benefit of doubt to the proponents of the existence of a Creator God, or Brahma in Hindu terminology. Many thinking men have stated that this issue can never be settled and have been candid enough neither to assert God’s existence nor to deny it. They have adopted agnosticism as their belief. They keep the question of the presence of God in abeyance or a state of suspense. But they have not adopted atheism as such as this means denial of God without proof. Until solid evidence of God as the creator of the universe is available, we cannot also assert such a God’s existence. Thus at the present stage we are left with only a neutral stand. So, the Creator God, or Brahma, is an Uncertain God. As regards the God who is supposed to be maintaining the universe answering the prayers of people who are in trouble or generally doing good to all, a moment’s analysis will lead us to doubt the existence of such a Maintainer God. The Creator God made laws for the behavior of the universe, or the universe itself by some strange mechanism is subject to specific laws of behavior on its own, without intervention from any superior force. While the laws may be only a few, the reacting agents subject to those laws are far too many and that is why we are not able to predict the exact course of events. Sometimes the consequences are favourable to us and sometimes not. Religionists have classified the former as the result of God as answering our prayers. They have stated that unfavourable occurrences as the result of our own bad actions, or our “prarabda.” When there is no clear reason as to why certain bad things happen to us despite our not doing anything deserving the bad things, the theory of previous birth is propounded and we are told that we are reaping the consequences of bad “karma” performed by us in a previous birth, though it is not possible to pinpoint exactly in which one of the many previous births. But if we sincerely accept the fact of the existence of so much evil in the world created by a merciful God, we can come to the conclusion that the evil is not the result of anything bad done by anyone, but just the result of interaction of various agents obeying the underlying laws. The result appears to be good or bad according to our own thinking. Good is not created by a merciful God or evil by a sinful man. Nor is the so-called evil the creation of any unkind God. In other words, there is no Maintainer God, or Vishnu in Hindu terminology, and there is no God at all to interfere with the workings of the Law of Causation at the behest of men or on His own. Many others pray to God for fear that in case they do not pray, God may take some disciplinary action against them. It is fear of reprisal by God which motivates their prayers. The vast majority of men and women pray to God for favours. They want this and that. They think that only God can easily furnish them what they want. They believe that prayer is the best means available, along with propitiating Him with offer of acts and substances which He is supposed to like. Since God has never furnished anyone with a list of His most-liked items, the earnest devotees think that what pleases them also pleases God. Alas, they also offer animals and other men at the sacrificial altar to win His conferments. As someone said though, our unanswered prayers are our best blessings. Most people also pray to God for removal of their troubles, even though objective analysis of facts suggests that God does not interfere in the operation of the laws underlying the behavior of the universe, even though it is supposed by some that those laws were set in motion by Him. But the vast majority of people pray with an eye on publicity. Each such devotee would like to see some persons watching him praying and then telling others how pious he has been. If nobody noticed his prayers, he would feel bitter that his prayer has gone waste. This is the reason for most people to pray in congregations, in churches, mosques and temples, instead of in their own prayer room at home, in solitude and managing not to be found out.
So, a Maintainer God, or Vishnu, is an Unavailable God, if He exists at all, being unable to come to the rescue of any being in the universe. Let us now come to the Destroyer God, or Shiva in Hindu terminology, who is supposed to destroy the universe at the end. But is it necessary for any God to undertake this work? Do not things in the universe which come into existence also automatically go out of existence as a matter of natural phenomenon? The adage “Jaatasya Maranam Dhruvam” applies to all beings without an exception and to non-living things, , does it not? The Laws in force in the universe only apply to the interaction of things in the universe, but not to ensure the permanence of those things. The universe itself may not last forever, because it had a birth, a beginning. “Jatasya Maranam Dhruvam” ensures its end in due course. Everything will collapse eventually, and no God is necessary to undertake or supervise the destruction. Impermanence is the permanent characteristic of everything under the Sun and above the Sun. So, the Destroyer God, or Shiva, is an Unnecessary God, if He exists at all, with no work to do. We have thus a troika of three major Gods, the Uncertain One, the Unavailable One and the Unnecessary One. What then is the fate of the thousands of minor Gods, said to be in charge of various portfolios in the universe? I don’t know about the innate immortality of these Gods, but their zealous and jealous “party workers” wont allow them to die. Mankind can certainly afford to forget God for some centuries, let Him rest in His heaven during that period, and look for practical solutions for the problems afflicting mankind. Men will be none-the-worse for it, except self-appointed divine brokers such as priests and pastorabbimams who will suffer a lack of business. If this fails, we can always go to sleep ourselves after waking up the sleeping God to solve all the problems inherent in nature and those deliberately created by men to torment each other. Srinivasa Rao, camp Fremont, California, Aug 08, 2014.
On 10 August 2014 19:48, Xavier William wrote:
Occam’s razor (also written as Ockham’s razor and in Latin lex parsimoniae) is a principle of parsimony, economy, or succinctness used in problem-solving devised by William of Ockham (c. 1287–1347). It states that among competing hypotheses, the one with the fewest assumptions should be selected. Other, more complicated solutions may ultimately prove correct, but—in the absence of certainty—the fewer assumptions that are made, the better. (See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam%27s_razor for more)
On 10 August 2014 10:36, Ramesam Vemuri wrote:
A well written comprehensive bird’s-eye view of Hinduism without distortions and accurate in presentation:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: BLAISE PASCAL(1623-62), FRENCH SCIENTIST, MATHEMATICIAN, AND RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHER FOUNDED THE MODERN THEORY OF PROBABILITY AND IN PHYSICS, DISCOVERED PASCAL’S LAW BY CONDUCTING EXPERIMENTS IN THE EQUILIBRIUM OF FLUIDS THAT LED TO INVENTIONS OF HYDRAULIC PRESS, HYDRAULIC JACK, AND HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR. HIS MENTAL CONCEPTS ARE LIVING GIVING A DIMENSION TO THE CONCEPT OF LONGEVITY.
I would like to pay my tribute to Blaise Pascal who shared his views about man and human nature; “Man is a nothing in comparison with the Infinite, an All in comparison with the Nothing, a mean between Nothing and Everything. Since he is infinitely removed from comprehending the extremes, the end of things and their beginning are helplessly hidden from him in an impenetrable secret; he is equally incapable of seeing the Nothing from which he was made, and the Infinite in which he swallowed up.” Since man exists as a Mortal Being, man has a natural tendency to investigate the Beginning of Life and the End of Life and seek a better understanding of the natural processes liking Aging that propels man to travel and reach the destination termed ‘Death’ without any choice. Aging is a widespread biological phenomenon and all living things display a natural tendency towards a decline of biological functions and a time-related disability to adapt to metabolic stress. At the same time, I ask my readers to note that the ‘Protoplasm’, the living substance that makes up both the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm appears to be potentially immortal. The term ‘Longevity’, the length or duration of a life or lives, must be interpreted in the context of the potential ability of Protoplasm to survive while individual members of species take birth, live, and die after a period of time. The term Life-Span describes the longest period of time that a typical individual can be expected to live. Similarly, Lifetime is the period of time that someone lives, or that something lasts, functions, or is in effect. Human beings have the unique ability to use their Lifetime to create a legacy that can endure giving an aura of immortality to that specific human individual who may have finished his or her mortal existence.
THE PHENOMENON OF LONGEVITY:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: THIS IMAGE OF DIVIDING YEAST CELLS DESCRIBES A REAL POTENTIAL IMMORTALITY IN SIMPLE ORGANISMS THAT ARE SINGLE-CELLED AND REPRODUCE BY ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION CALLED FISSION.
The concept of Life-Span implies that there is an individual whose existence has a definite beginning and end. Within the Phylum Protozoa, organisms that consist of a single cell, are numerous species that reproduce by fission which is a form of asexual reproduction in which the parent organism divides into two or more approximately equal parts, each becoming an independent individual. In such organisms where it is not easy to establish the beginning and end of an individual organism, the growth seems to continue indefinitely and a potential immortality can be observed. In organisms that use sexual reproduction, the limits of the life-span of each species appear to be determined by ‘Heredity’ which refers to the transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring by means of genes in the chromosomes. Each individual member of any given species has a life-span during which something of that individual lasts when transmitted to offspring as heritable information. The term heredity and the Laws of Inheritance and the Science called Genetics will have validity if, and only if some biological characteristics survive in spite of the death of any individual member of a species. It is very interesting to observe that there are several species of living things which have continuously lived for exceptionally long periods of time retaining their species-specific identity. Such organisms can be claimed to be immortal as they appear to be fully capable of surviving indefinitely. This faculty has been attributed to some insects, some simpler forms of invertebrate marine life (such as Tube Worms, Jellyfish, Clams, and Lobsters), certain fishes and reptiles which appear to be capable of unlimited growth. As the complexity of an organism increases, the internal changes associated with the aging process contribute to senescence and death of the organism. Even under the most favorable external conditions, there is a predetermined age beyond which a given individual of a species may not be able to survive. The Maximum Life-Span is often an estimate based on the longest lived organism of its species that is known to date. The Average Life-Span is a statistical concept that is derived by the analysis of mortality data for populations of each species. The Average Life-Span is related to Life Expectancy, the statistically probable length of time that a typical individual of any given species can be expected to live. Life Expectancy varies as it depends on the changing death rate over a period of time. Even species that have very slow-growing rates can experience higher than natural death rates due to external factors and may even face the threat of total extinction.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: COCKROACHES ARE AMONG THE OLDEST INSECT GROUPS HAVING SURVIVED BASICALLY UNCHANGED FOR 300 TO 350 MILLION YEARS(CARBONIFEROUS PERIOD).
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: ANTARCTIC SPONGE(PHYLUM- PORIFERA) CAN LIVE FOR CENTURIES, THE OLDEST KNOWN LIVING SPONGE COULD BE 1,550-YEARS OLD.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: TUBE WORMS(PHYLUM-ANNELIDA) SUCH AS LAMELLIBRACHIA LUYMESI LIVE ON THE FLOOR OF ATLANTIC OCEAN NEAR HYDROCARBON VENTS. THEY TAKE 170-250 YEARS TO GROW.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: GEODUCKS(PHYLUM-MOLLUSKA) DATE BACK TO CAMBRIAN PERIOD OR 500 MILLION YEARS AGO, FOUND IN THE US COASTAL SEA WATERS OF PUGET SOUND. ONE OF THE OLDEST ANIMALS IN THE WORLD. IT CAN LIVE FROM 140 TO 160 YEARS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: OCEAN QUAHOG(PHYLUM-MOLLUSKA) ARCTICA ISLANDICA, SALTWATER CLAM CAN LIVE FOR CENTURIES, ESTIMATED AGE 400 YEARS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: SEA URCHIN(PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA), STRONGYLOCENTROTUS FRANCISCANUS LIVES IN PACIFIC OCEAN. IT CAN LIVE FOR ABOUT 200 YEARS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: THIS UNIQUE SPECIES OF JELLYFISH(PHYLUM-COELENTERATA-CNIDARIA) AN INVERTEBRATE SEA CREATURE WITH STINGING CELLS KNOWN AS TURRITOPIS NUTRICULA USES A CELL DEVELOPMENT PROCESS CALLED TRANSDIFFERENTIATION AND IT CAN REVERT FROM A MATURE ADULT STAGE TO AN IMMATURE POLYP STAGE AND HENCE MAY HAVE NO NATURAL LIMITS TO ITS LIFE-SPAN OR IT BEHAVES LIKE AN IMMORTAL BEING BY REVERSING ITS AGING PROCESS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: THE WHITE SHARK, CARCHARODON CARCHARIAS, ONE OF ABOUT 350 SPECIES OF CARTILAGINOUS FISHES. SHARKS ARE REMARKABLY SUCCESSFUL ANIMALS WITH FEW PARASITES OR DISEASES AND ALMOST NO ENEMIES EXCEPT OTHER SHARKS. THEY ARE LIVING ALMOST UNCHANGED FOR ABOUT 350 MILLION YEARS SINCE THE END OF THE DEVONIAN PERIOD.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: CROCODILES ARE LARGE AMPHIBIOUS REPTILES THAT ORIGINATED DURING THE LATE TRIASSIC PERIOD, 200 MILLION YEARS AGO. DURING THE CRETACEOUS PERIOD, ABOUT 120 MILLION YEARS AGO, LARGE CROCODILES(40 FEET OR MORE) THAT EXISTED MAY HAVE PREYED ON DINOSAURS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: TORTOISE IS THE LAND-LIVING TURTLE SPECIES. THEY ARE IN EXISTENCE FROM THE TRIASSIC PERIOD, ABOUT 200 MILLION YEARS AGO. THIS GALAPAGOS GIANT TORTOISE(TESTUDO ELEPHANTOPUS) CAN LIVE UP TO 177 YEARS. THE ALDABRA GIANT TORTOISE NAMED ADWAITA LIVED FOR 250 YEARS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: SEA TURTLES ARE REPTILES, AMONG THE OLDEST LIVING GROUP OF REPTILES WHICH HAVE NOT CHANGED IN THEIR APPEARANCE FOR NEARLY 200 MILLION YEARS. IF THEY ARE ENDANGERED OR THREATENED, THE PROBLEM IS NOT CONTRIBUTED BY AGING OR NATURAL LONGEVITY.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: TUATARA(SPHENODON PUNCTATUM), NATIVE OF NEW ZEALAND IS NOT A LIZARD. THIS SPECIES IS IN EXISTENCE FOR ABOUT 225 MILLION YEARS. IT IS A VERY RARE, MEDIUM-SIZED, AMPHIBIOUS REPTILE WHICH BELONGS TO THE ORDER SPHENODONTIA. ALL OTHER SPECIES OF THIS ORDER BECAME EXTINCT 60 MILLION YEARS AGO. IT IS CALLED A LIVING FOSSIL. INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS MAY LIVE FROM 100 TO 200 YEARS. IT HAS A WELL-DEVELOPED THIRD EYE AND A ROW OF SPINES ALONG THE BACK.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: “KOI” ARE ORNAMENTAL, DOMESTICATED VARIETY OF THE COMMON CARP, CYPRINUS CARPIO. THESE FISH HAVE RECORDED LIVES OF 150 TO 226 YEARS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: DUCK-BILLED PLATYPUS, ORNITHORHYNCHUS ANATINUS, A MONOTREME, AN EGG-LAYING MAMMAL OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA AND TASMANIA. IT IS SEMIAQUATIC, HAS A DUCK-BILL SHAPED MUZZLE WITH NO TEETH, FEET ARE WEBBED, NO EARS, AND BODY COVERED WITH DARK-BROWN FUR. COMBINES FEATURES OF A DUCK, BEAVER, AND OTTER. HAS MILK GLANDS TO NOURISH THE YOUNG. THEY HAVE SURVIVED SINCE AUSTRALIAN PLEISTOCENE, ABOUT 2 MILLION YEARS AGO.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – AGING AND LONGEVITY: THE BOWHEAD WHALE OF ALASKA. RIGHT WHALE OR BALAENA MYSTICETUS ORIGINATED IN THE EARLY TERTIARY OR UPPER CRETACEOUS PERIOD ABOUT 70 MILLION YEARS AGO. IT IS THE LONGEST LIVING MAMMAL AND INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS HAVE RECORDED 150 TO 200 YEARS OF LIFE.
The issue of Life-Span of plants and trees and of Human Life-Span need special consideration. In all animals, where the organism is formed by sexual reproduction, the beginning of life is defined by the formation of the fertilized egg cell or zygote. Very often, physical birth is considered to be the beginning of the Life-Span. The end or death of an organism is reflected in its inability to support its structural and functional organization that gives it a distinctive physical identity. This generation of Life by the union of an egg and sperm is a most remarkable event. In the entire Animal and Plant Kingdom where the organisms achieve reproduction sexually, the Generative Mechanism remains the same and is unchanged over millions of years. This Generative Potential of Sexual Reproduction is unaltered and it describes a most creative process that is involved in the beginning of all living creatures. In my view, the immutability of Life’s beginning is dependent upon the Unchanging Principle called Soul or Spirit.
Aging is God’s eternal law with respect to man and as such the principle of aging exists in the human nature and man has no choice other than that of submitting to the Natural Law of Aging to begin his mortal existence.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: LORD GAUTAMA BUDDHA KNOWN AS “SIDDHARTHA”(HE WHO WILL ACCOMPLISH) STATED: “WHATEVER IS BORN, PRODUCED, CONDITIONED, CONTAINS WITHIN ITSELF THE NATURE OF ITS OWN DISSOLUTION.”
Lord Gautama Buddha(c. 563 to c. 483 B.C.,) known as “Siddhartha”(He who accomplishes) had correctly observed to claim that, “Whatever is born, produced, conditioned, contains within itself the nature of its own dissolution.” In biology, the term aging is used to describe the progressive structural, and functional changes in an organism that lead to senescence or a decline of biological functions and of organism’s ability to adapt to metabolic stress. It must be carefully understood that the process called aging begins right after the moment of conception and the newborn arrives because of the mechanisms that operate and control the aging process.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: THE AGING PROCESS BEGINS AT CONCEPTION, AND THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN EMBRYO AND FETUS IS INFLUENCED BY TIME AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE MECHANISMS THAT OPERATE AND CONTROL THE AGING PHENOMENON. HUMAN EMBRYO, SIX DAYS AFTER CONCEPTION IS READY FOR IMPLANTATION IN ITS MOTHER’S WOMB.
Age is a fundamental characteristic of most living organisms. The speed of the aging process varies and it is not the same in the entire organism. To establish human birth with a recognizable physical appearance, the cells of the embryo and fetus rapidly multiply and several of them have to simply die after a programmed sequence of cell divisions. Aging is that inevitable process that causes cell death after the lapse of a specified time interval which is programmed. At adulthood(age 20), age acceleration is around 40% and it is 100% in newborns.
AGING – BIOLOGICAL CLOCK – BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: MAN EXISTS AS IF THE BODILY FUNCTIONS ARE OPERATED BY A VERY PRECISE TIMING MECHANISM. THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK OPERATES THE BIO OR BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM THAT OSCILLATES WITH A PERIOD OF ABOUT 24 HOURS.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: HUMAN EXISTENCE IS SYNCHRONIZED WITH DAILY CHANGES IN THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IN RESPONSE TO DAYLIGHT OR DARK.
Biorhythm or Biological Rhythm describes the cyclic pattern of changes in physiology often synchronized with daily environmental changes in response to daylight or dark. Circadian Rhythm is the 24-hour clock that drives wakefulness and sleep. Most living organisms use a timing mechanism that use clues or external environmental stimuli like that of light, and temperature that influence the internal Biological Clock. The concept of an operating Biological Clock is important in the understanding of the aging process.
HORVATH’S CLOCK – EPIGENETIC CLOCK – DNA METHYLATION AGE:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: Dr STEVE HORVATH, PROFESSOR OF HUMAN GENETICS, UCLA, USA HAS DISCOVERED AN AGE PREDICTOR THAT CAN BE USED TO MEASURE THE AGE OF MOST HUMAN TISSUES, CELL TYPES, AND ORGANS OF THE SAME INDIVIDUAL AND COMPARE IT WITH THE CHRONOLOGICAL AGE OF THAT INDIVIDUAL.
Dr. Steve Horvath, Professor of Human Genetics, UCLA, USA has discovered with a new technique of age measuring that uses aging marker called DNA Methylation. He described 353 epigenetic markers on the DNA which measure DNA methylation of cpG dinucleotides.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK, HORVATH’S CLOCK IS A BIOLOGICAL CLOCK TO MEASURE THE AGE OF MOST HUMAN TISSUES, CELL TYPES, AND ORGANS IN THE SAME INDIVIDUAL WHICH CAN HELP IN PREDICTING THE AGING PROCESS.
The human organism experiences the consequences of the aging process and the condition called senescence or old age is easy to recognize. There are several theories about the aging mechanism and as to how the aging process is operated and controlled by hereditary factors. Some deterioration of normal bodily functions is always a component of the biological aging process.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: THERE ARE SEVERAL THEORIES ABOUT SENESCENCE. APART FROM THE MEASUREMENT OF CHRONOLOGICAL AGE, IT WOULD BE VERY USEFUL TO ASSESS AND MEASURE THE BIOLOGICAL AGE OF THE HUMAN ORGANISM AS THAT WOULD HELP TO PREDICT AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION AND INVENT INTERVENTION MECHANISMS TO REDIRECT OR REGULATE THE AGING PROCESS.
I define Spirit or Soul as the vital, animating, and unchanging, operating Principle that establishes human existence in a constantly changing world. Age is a measurement of the time interval between two events such as the birth and the death. The aging phenomenon is a variable expression which is influenced by both heredity and external environmental factors. At the same time, it could be important to identify the factors that operate within the internal environment of each, individual, independent, living cells. The immediate external environment of DNA, genes, chromosomes, and the nucleus is called the cytoplasm, or cytosol if the cell is viewed as a nucleus and cytoplasm bounded by a limiting membrane. I often write about the unchanging nature of this cytoplasm which may be recognized as its spiritual attribute. The cytoplasm has the Power described in Physiology as “NUTRITION”, the power or ability with which it attracts matter found in the cell’s external environment. In other words, the cytoplasm has the spiritual ability to establish a connection, association, bonding, relationship, or partnership between the energy-yielding molecules of the environment, and the energy-demanding molecules of the human individual and establish the fact or reality called the living being. The DNA, the genes, the chromosomes and the nucleus have no such ability for they simply lead a dependent existence deriving energy and matter supplied by the cytoplasm and its structures such as the mitochondria, and the ribosomes. The DNA is able to express a change and is able to generate a variation in the structures or a variation in the physiological functions such as the rate of protein synthesis because of the fact of its dependence upon an unchanging Principle that is not influenced by the time factor.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL AND ITS COMPONENT PARTS IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE AGING PROCESS. THE TIME FACTOR INFLUENCES THE DNA, THE GENES, THE CHROMOSOMES, AND THE NUCLEUS. THE CYTOPLASM IS OPERATED BY A SPIRITUAL NATURE THAT HAS ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS IMMUTABLE, IMPERISHABLE, IMMORTAL, OR ETERNAL. THE DNA AND ITS RELATED STRUCTURES LEAD A DEPENDENT EXISTENCE DERIVING MATTER AND ENERGY SUPPLIED BY THE SPIRITUAL POWER OF CYTOPLASM.
If age is viewed as a natural phenomenon characterized by changes in structure and function, the change is explained as the Power of Time over material things. This change is possible and can be recognized as the process is supported by an Unchanging, Spiritual, or Eternal Principle that is not affected by the time factor. For that reason, aging has to be explained as an Eternal Law which operates and regulates human existence from conception to death. Man has no choice other than that of leading a dependent existence, a Dependence that is Primarily provided by the Power/Force/Energy often named as the Divine Providence.
Aging is God’s eternal law with respect to the man and as such the principle of aging exists in the human nature and a man has no choice other than that of submitting to the Natural Law of Aging to begin his mortal existence.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: LORD GAUTAMA BUDDHA KNOWN AS “SIDDHARTHA”(HE WHO WILL ACCOMPLISH) STATED: “WHATEVER IS BORN, PRODUCED, CONDITIONED, CONTAINS WITHIN ITSELF THE NATURE OF ITS OWN DISSOLUTION.”
Lord Gautama Buddha (c. 563 to c. 483 B.C.,) known as “Siddhartha”(He who accomplishes) correctly observes to claim that, “Whatever is born, produced, conditioned, contains within itself the nature of its own dissolution.” In biology, the term aging is used to describe the progressive structural, and functional changes in an organism that lead to senescence or a decline of biological functions and of organism’s ability to adapt to metabolic stress. It must be carefully understood that the process called aging begins right after the moment of conception and the newborn arrives because of the mechanisms that operate and control the aging process.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: THE AGING PROCESS BEGINS AT CONCEPTION, AND THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMAN EMBRYO AND FETUS IS INFLUENCED BY TIME AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE MECHANISMS THAT OPERATE AND CONTROL THE AGING PHENOMENON. HUMAN EMBRYO, SIX DAYS AFTER CONCEPTION IS READY FOR IMPLANTATION IN ITS MOTHER’S WOMB.
Age is a fundamental characteristic of most living organisms. The speed of the aging process varies and it is not the same in the entire organism. To establish human birth with a recognizable physical appearance, the cells of the embryo and fetus rapidly multiply and several of them have to simply die after a programmed sequence of cell divisions. Aging is that inevitable process that causes cell death after the lapse of a specified time interval which is programmed. At adulthood (age 20), age acceleration is around 40% and it is 100% in newborns.
AGING – BIOLOGICAL CLOCK – BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: MAN EXISTS AS IF THE BODILY FUNCTIONS ARE OPERATED BY A VERY PRECISE TIMING MECHANISM. THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK OPERATES THE BIO OR BIOLOGICAL RHYTHM THAT OSCILLATES WITH A PERIOD OF ABOUT 24 HOURS.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: HUMAN EXISTENCE IS SYNCHRONIZED WITH DAILY CHANGES IN THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IN RESPONSE TO DAYLIGHT OR DARK.
Biorhythm or Biological Rhythm describes the cyclic pattern of changes in physiology often synchronized with daily environmental changes in response to daylight or dark. Circadian Rhythm is the 24-hour clock that drives wakefulness and sleep. Most living organisms use a timing mechanism that use clues or external environmental stimuli like that of light, and temperature that influence the internal Biological Clock. The concept of an operating Biological Clock is important in the understanding of the aging process.
HORVATH’S CLOCK – EPIGENETIC CLOCK – DNA METHYLATION AGE:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: Dr STEVE HORVATH, PROFESSOR OF HUMAN GENETICS, UCLA, USA HAS DISCOVERED AN AGE PREDICTOR THAT CAN BE USED TO MEASURE THE AGE OF MOST HUMAN TISSUES, CELL TYPES, AND ORGANS OF THE SAME INDIVIDUAL AND COMPARE IT WITH THE CHRONOLOGICAL AGE OF THAT INDIVIDUAL.
Dr. Steve Horvath, Professor of Human Genetics, UCLA, USA has discovered a new technique of age measuring that uses aging marker called DNA Methylation. He described 353 epigenetic markers on the DNA which measure DNA methylation of cpG dinucleotides.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: THE EPIGENETIC CLOCK, HORVATH’S CLOCK IS A BIOLOGICAL CLOCK TO MEASURE THE AGE OF MOST HUMAN TISSUES, CELL TYPES, AND ORGANS IN THE SAME INDIVIDUAL WHICH CAN HELP IN PREDICTING THE AGING PROCESS.
The human organism experiences the consequences of the aging process and the condition called senescence or old age is easy to recognize. There are several theories about the aging mechanism and as to how the aging process is operated and controlled by hereditary factors. Some deterioration of normal bodily functions is always a component of the biological aging process.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: THERE ARE SEVERAL THEORIES ABOUT SENESCENCE. APART FROM THE MEASUREMENT OF CHRONOLOGICAL AGE, IT WOULD BE VERY USEFUL TO ASSESS AND MEASURE THE BIOLOGICAL AGE OF THE HUMAN ORGANISM AS THAT WOULD HELP TO PREDICT AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION AND INVENT INTERVENTION MECHANISMS TO REDIRECT OR REGULATE THE AGING PROCESS.
I define Spirit or Soul as the vital, animating, and unchanging, operating Principle that establishes the fact of living or existence in a constantly changing world. Age is a measurement of the time interval between two events such as the birth and the death. The aging phenomenon is a variable expression which is influenced by both heredity and external environmental factors. At the same time, it could be important to identify the factors that operate within the internal environment of each, individual, independent, living cell. The immediate external environment of DNA, genes, chromosomes, and the nucleus is called the cytoplasm, or cytosol if the cell is viewed as a nucleus and cytoplasm bounded by a limiting membrane. I often write about the unchanging nature of this cytoplasm which may be recognized as its spiritual attribute. The cytoplasm has the Power described in Physiology as “NUTRITION,”the power or ability with which it attracts matter found in the cell’s external environment. In other words, the cytoplasm has the spiritual ability to establish a connection, association, bonding, relationship, or partnership between the energy-yielding molecules of the environment, and the energy-demanding molecules of the living entity and establish the fact or the reality called the living being. The DNA, the genes, the chromosomes and the nucleus have no such ability for they simply lead a dependent existence deriving energy and matter supplied by the cytoplasm and its structures such as the mitochondria, and the ribosomes. The DNA is able to express a change and is able to generate a variation in the structures or a variation in the physiological functions such as the rate of protein synthesis because of the fact of its dependence upon an unchanging Principle that is not influenced by the time factor.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING: A BASIC UNDERSTANDING OF THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE CELL AND ITS COMPONENT PARTS IS IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE AGING PROCESS. THE TIME FACTOR INFLUENCES THE DNA, THE GENES, THE CHROMOSOMES, AND THE NUCLEUS. THE CYTOPLASM IS OPERATED BY A SPIRITUAL NATURE THAT HAS ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS IMMUTABLE, IMPERISHABLE, IMMORTAL, OR ETERNAL. THE DNA AND ITS RELATED STRUCTURES LEAD A DEPENDENT EXISTENCE DERIVING MATTER AND ENERGY SUPPLIED BY THE SPIRITUAL POWER OF CYTOPLASM.
If age is viewed as a natural phenomenon characterized by changes in structure and function, the change is explained as the Power of Time over material things. This change is possible and can be recognized as the process is supported by an Unchanging, Spiritual, or Eternal Principle that is not affected by the time factor. For that reason, aging has to be explained as an Eternal Law which operates and regulates the human existence from conception to death. Man has no choice other than that of leading a dependent existence, a Dependence that is primarily sustained by the Power/Force/Energy often named as the Divine Providence.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – ESSENCE – IDENTITY – UNITY – EXISTENCE : MAN’S EXISTENCE IS GOVERNED BY THE ETERNAL LAW OF AGING. MAN EXISTS WHILE HE PASSES THROUGH VARIOUS STAGES SUCH AS BOYHOOD, YOUTH, ADULTHOOD, AND OLDAGE THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN FORM AND APPEARANCE.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: “IN THE DESCENT OF MAN” (1871), CHARLES DARWIN SHARED A VIEW OF MAN’S ORIGIN BY A PROCESS OF NATURAL VARIATION FROM AN ANCESTRAL TYPE. WE HAVE YET TO DISCOVER A COMMON ANCESTOR FOR BOTH THE ANTHROPOID APES SUCH AS THE GORILLA AND THE MAN.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGISTS CLAIM THAT MAN HAS ARRIVED OR DESCENDED FROM AN ANCESTOR WITH 48 CHROMOSOMES AND CLAIM THAT ANCESTOR IS VERY LIKELY TO HAVE A GENOME SIMILAR TO THAT OF APES SUCH AS CHIMPANZEE AND BONOBO.
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution involves the notion of a common ancestor for both man and the anthropoid apes. Both Gorilla and Chimpanzee are natives of Africa and they exist with 48 chromosomes as compared to man’s genome that consists of 46 chromosomes. Human Chromosome #2 attracted a lot of attention for the nearest ape relative bonobo has near identical DNA sequences . But, the problem is that of the separation of these DNA sequences into two chromosomes called #2 a, and #2 b giving the apes a genome with 48 chromosomes.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: Chromosome #2 IS THE SECOND LARGEST HUMAN CHROMOSOME. IT CONTAINS 1,491 GENES AND MILLIONS OF BASE PAIRS.
It would be very easy to speculate that the Human Chromosome #2 can result from an end to end fusion of two ancestral chromosomes such as the Chromosome #2 a, and Chromosome #2 b.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: IT IS NOT LIKELY TO PRODUCE HUMAN CHROMOSOME #2 FROM FUSION OF CHROMOSOMES #2 a and #2 b. APES DO NOT HAVE A FUSED CHROMOSOME.
Man and apes exist with genomes that are almost identical and yet man cannot directly descend from the anthropoid apes. The fusion of Chromosomes #2 a, and #2 b would cause the production of a non-viable mutant or an individual who may not produce any offspring. Firstly, we need a male and a female with this fused chromosome in their gametes; the sperm and the egg to produce an offspring with a unique set of 46 chromosomes; 22 pairs of autosomes and a pair of (XY or XX) of Sex Chromosomes X,Y. It requires two identical, rare, mutant, male and female to produce offspring and to establish an entirely new population. The Theory of Evolution proposes that random, unguided, mutations lead to changes in a Species and eventually lead to its descent as a new Species. If fusion of two, distinct, separate chromosomes such as #2 a, and #2 b is required, the fusion event must happen in a Hominid population about 10,000 years ago and this population would have no relationship with the living apes.
THE ORIGIN OF HUMAN RACES:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: THE PROBLEM OF HUMAN EVOLUTION HAS TO DEAL WITH TWO BASIC ISSUES; 1. THE DISCOVERY OF HUMAN ANCESTORS, AND 2. THE ORIGIN OF HUMAN RACES.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: AMONG ANTHROPOLOGISTS THERE ARE TWO VIEWS ABOUT THE EXISTENCE OF HUMAN RACES; 1.MONOGENY, AND 2. POLYGENY.
The term “RACE” describes any of the different varieties or populations of human beings distinguished by physical traits such as hair, eyes, skin color, shape of body and head, facial features, and blood traits. These physical traits or characteristics are transmitted by heredity. However, it must be noted that such traits are highly variable, not every member of a race will exhibit all distinguishing traits. But, it is very clear that Human Races or varieties arose in response to inbreeding and not on account of interbreeding of different subspecies.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: ANTHROPOLOGISTS HAD INITIALLY DESCRIBED THREE PRIMARY DIVISIONS OF PEOPLE; 1. CAUCASOID, 2. MONGOLOID, AND 3. NEGROID. MEMBERS OF HUMAN SPECIES SHARE A COMMON HUMAN NATURE WHILE THERE IS VARIATION IN MORPHOLOGICAL APPEARANCES.
Anthropologists had initially described three primary divisions of people, 1. Caucasoid, 2. Mongoloid, and 3. Negroid. Thomas Huxley in his paper titled “On the Geographical Distribution of the Chief Modifications of Mankind”(1870), had described racial varieties such as Bushman, Africoid, Negritoes, Melanochroi, Australoids, Xanthochroi, Polynesians, Mongoloids A, B, & C, and Esquimaux.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: THOMAS HUXLEY DURING 1870 DESCRIBED THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF VARIOUS RACIAL VARIETIES. JOHANN FRIEDRICH BLUMENBACH (1775/76) DIVIDED MANKIND INTO FIVE GREAT FAMILIES – CAUCASIAN, MONGOLIAN, MALAYAN, ETHIOPIAN, AND AMERICAN.
It is of no surprise to note the controversy regarding the terms used to identify the varieties of mankind. As such there is no agreement and the word ‘Species’ has no defined meaning. There are two schools of thought to account for the apparent variations among the members of the Human Species. Monogeny describes a view that all human races came from a common ancestor. Polygeny is a view that asserts the separate creation of races.
THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS FOR HUMAN RACES:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: THE VARIATIONS AMONG MEMBERS OF THE SAME SPECIES AND OF DIFFERENT SPECIES CANNOT BE IGNORED. WHILE ALL LIVING BEINGS ARE FUNDAMENTALLY ALIKE FOR THE LIVING MATTER OR LIVING SUBSTANCE IS THE SAME. THE VARIATIONS IN FORM DEMANDS THE OPERATION OF A MOST CREATIVE PROCESS.
Today, some anthropologists entirely reject the concept of “RACE.” However, they stress the heterogeneity of world population. In Biology, the term ‘race’ is used to describe a subspecies, or variety, or breed. The search for a common ancestor for the entire Human Species is not yet over. In recent times, the techniques of DNA extraction and genomic sequencing have advanced. Evolutionary geneticists are describing their findings with a degree of boldness by simply studying the DNA and using the finding to predict the behavior and nature of the Homo Species members.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: HOMO FLORESIENSIS, ABOUT 3 FEET TALL, DISCOVERED IN LIANG BUA CAVE, ON THE ISLAND FLORES, INDONESIA. THE FLORES MAN HAS A FOSSIL RECORD THAT EXTENDS FROM 38,000 YEARS TO 12,000 YEARS AGO AND MYSTERIOUSLY DISAPPEARED.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: HOMO SAPIENS IDALTU HAS BROW RIDGES, PROMINENT JAW AND GLOBULAR HEAD, WITH SLOPING FOREHEAD. THE SKULLS of 160,000 YEARS OLD IDALTU MAN DISCOVERED IN ETHIOPIA.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: THE IDALTU MAN, ANATOMICALLY SPEAKING WAS AT THE THRESHOLD OF MODERN HUMAN SPECIES BUT WAS NOT FULLY A MODERN HUMAN BEING.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: THIS REPLICA MAY REPRESENT A DENISOVAN GIRL WHOSE FINGER BONE CALLED PHALANX WAS DISCOVERED IN DENISOVA CAVE, ALTAI MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHERN SIBERIA. THE DENISOVA WAS MORE SIMILAR TO NEANDERTALS THAN TO MODERN HUMANS.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: HOMO SAPIENS RED DEER DISCOVERED IN MALUDONG OR RED DEER CAVE, YUNNAN PROVINCE, SOUTHERN CHINA HAD LIVED FROM 14,500 TO 11,500 YEARS AGO. RED DEER CAVE PEOPLE ARE NOT CLASSIFIED AS MODERN HUMANS.
To resolve the problems about finding the biological basis for human races, we may have to take the help of the Science called Immunology that deals with man’s ability to defend his own existence by recognizing Self and Non-Self marker proteins (antigens), the protein molecules that cover the surfaces of every cell in the human body.
THE LAW OF CREATION AND INDIVIDUALITY:
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (MHC) IS THE HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN (HLA) GENE CLUSTER ON CHROMOSOME 6. HUMAN ORGANS AND TISSUES CANNOT BE TRANSPLANTED OR GRAFTED INTO THE BODIES OF UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS. HUMAN IDENTITY MUST BE DISCOVERED AT MOLECULAR LEVEL TO ESTABLISH THE AFFINITY BETWEEN TWO HUMAN INDIVIDUALS.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: HUMAN IDENTITY INVOLVES THE SURFACE MARKER PROTEINS FOUND ON EVERY CELL. TRANSPLANTED ORGANS AND TISSUES COULD BE REJECTED AS FOREIGN (NON-SELF) BY A HOST OR RECIPIENT FOR THE ANTIGENS ARE RECOGNIZED AS NON-SELF. SIMILARLY, INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND PATHOGENS ARE RECOGNIZED GIVING THE BODY THE ABILITY TO RESIST INFECTIONS.SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION: HUMAN EXISTENCE DEMANDS THE ABILITY TO DEFEND ONE’S OWN EXISTENCE TO MAINTAIN THE ABILITY TO LIVE AS A SPECIFIC INDIVIDUAL WITH INDIVIDUALITY. THE RECOGNITION OF SELF AND NON-SELF IS THE FUNDAMENTAL BASIS TO MAINTAIN SEPARATE IDENTITY TO ESTABLISH THE EXISTENCE OF THE HUMAN INDIVIDUAL.
The many aspects of immunological recognition is more important than that of the recognition of ancestral Species from which the Human Species may have arrived or descended. The HLA antigens are very remarkable for the extensive degree of genetic polymorphism; that is the variability between individuals is very great and there could be no two identical individuals as unrelated individuals have different HLA antigens. Histocompatibility is a condition of compatibility between the tissues of a graft or transplant and the tissues of the body receiving the graft or transplant. The understanding of histocompatibility is important for the success of organ transplantation and it clearly demonstrates that the Human Species has no choice other than that of existing as Specific Individuals with Individuality. The concept of descent from another Species cannot account for immunological recognition which formulates the basis for histocompatibility and Immunity from infections.
SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – HUMAN EVOLUTION. WE NEED TO ACCOUNT FOR THE STATUS OF THE MODERN MAN AS PER THE MENDEL’S LAWS OF INHERITANCE :
Whole Dude - Whole Spirituality 