The Battle Against Coronavirus (COVID-19). The Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science.

THE BATTLE AGAINST NOVEL CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19). MOLECULAR BASIS OF SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – IMMUNOLOGY PROVIDES UNDERSTANDING OF SELF AND NON-SELF. PROTEIN MOLECULES CALLED ANTIGENS ELICIT IMMUNE RESPONSE.

To account for human existence, to face challenges to human survival, man has to identify molecules that operate various living functions. Man defends his life deploying protein molecules that recognize and respond to invasion of human body by pathogens consisting of foreign protein molecules. While learned experience provides cortical awareness of human immunological responses to attacks by pathogens, human mind is blissfully unaware of presence of pathogens. Recognition of non-self proteins and molecules called antigens is not a mental function. If Spirit or Soul functions as guiding mechanism, Spirit or Soul will have awareness of invasion of body by foreign antigens and body’s immunological response to such invasion. If Reticular Formation of Brain Stem, the site at which contents of Consciousness are composed, is viewed as seat of human Spirit or Soul, it has awareness of body’s invasion and response to attacks by pathogens. Immunological responses to infections trigger a stress response mediated by Hypothalamus – Pituitary – Adrenal Cortex Pathway.

The discovery of antibiotic-resistant Superbugs and the discovery of protein structures of the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) may eventually lead to better understanding of Spirit or Soul in shaping human survival while warding off invasion by pathogens.

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada
Ann Arbor, MI 48104-4162 USA
BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

First 3D map of coronavirus protein paves way for vaccine design

The Battle Against Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). The Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science.

This article, First 3D map of coronavirus protein paves way for vaccine design, originally appeared on CNET.com.

The first 3D map of SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus responsible for over 2,000 deaths since December 2019, has been produced by a collaboration of coronavirus researchers at the University of Texas at Austin and the National Institutes of Health. Heralded as a breakthrough, the map provides a stepping stone to the development of antivirals or vaccines to stymie the virus.

In under two months, infections of the novel coronavirus have soared past 75,000 and caused significant economic turmoil in China and abroad. The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern and when it announced the name of the viral disease on Feb. 11, it added that a vaccine was likely 18 months away.

But scientists are mobilizing their resources quickly, sharing information about the virus with unprecedented pace, and turning experiments into peer-reviewed research in a matter of weeks.

That’s the case for Jason McLellan, a structural biochemist, and his team at UT Austin who have been studying similar coronaviruses for years. Their latest study, published in the journal Science on Wednesday, took advantage of state-of-the-art technology at the university to map the molecular structure of SARS-CoV-2, with a particular focus on the virus’ “spike protein.” The protein is critical to the viruses survival because it enables it to get inside human cells and begin making copies of itself. But what makes it dangerous also makes it a target.

The chief function of a vaccine is to prime the immune system. They work by presenting small parts of harmful pathogens like viruses and bacteria to our army of immune cells. It’s like a molecular “WANTED!” poster — the immune system gets a good look at any nasty bugs and starts to keep watch. If the real virus or bacteria sneak into the body, the immune system is ready and sends out an army of cells and antibodies to stop the invader.

After Chinese researchers shared the genetic sequence of the virus in January, the team were able to design and produce samples of the spike protein in the lab. Using a specialized form of microscopy, they then mapped its structure.

The research team showed there are similarities in the way the spike proteins work between the coronavirus responsible for the 2002-2003 SARS outbreak and the novel virus, SARS-CoV-2. However, the latter appears to bind to human cells much more strongly than the SARS virus did and antibodies against the first SARS virus don’t seem to react to the new virus in the same way.

Nevertheless, creating the 3D atomic scale map of the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2, the team were able to show it can elicit an immune response, making it a viable molecule to speed up vaccine design and development.

The coronavirus uses this protein to invade human cells.

Previous research revealed that coronaviruses invade cells through so-called “spike” proteins, but those proteins take on different shapes in different coronaviruses. Figuring out the shape of the spike protein in SARS-Cov-2 is the key to figuring out how to target the virus, said Jason McLellan, senior author of the study and an associate professor of molecular biosciences at the University of Texas at Austin.

Though the coronavirus uses many different proteins to replicate and invade cells, the spike protein is the major surface protein that it uses to bind to a receptor — another protein that acts like a doorway into a human cell. After the spike protein binds to the human cell receptor, the viral membrane fuses with the human cell membrane, allowing the genome of the virus to enter human cells and begin infection. So “if you can prevent attachment and fusion, you will prevent entry,” McLellan told Live Science. But to target this protein, you need to know what it looks like. 

This is the 3D atomic scale map or molecular structure of the SARS-2-CoV protein “spike” which the virus uses to invade human cells.
(Image: © Jason McLellan/Univ. of Texas at Austin)

Earlier this month, researchers published the genome of SARS-Cov-2. Using that genome, McLellan and his team, in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health (NIH), identified the specific genes that code for the spike protein. They then sent that gene information to a company that created the genes and sent them back. The group then injected those genes into mammalian cells in a lab dish and those cells produced the spike proteins.

Next, using a very detailed microscopy technique called cryogenic electron microscopy, the group created a 3D “map,” or “blueprint,” of the spike proteins. The blueprint revealed the structure of the molecule, mapping the location of each of its atoms in space. 

“It’s impressive that these researchers were able to get the structure so quickly,” said Aubree Gordon, an associate professor of epidemiology at the University of Michigan who was not a part of the study. “It’s a very important step forward and may help in the development of a vaccine against SARS-COV-2.”

Stephen Morse, a professor at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health who was also not a part of the study agrees. The spike protein “would be the likely choice for rapid development of vaccine antigens” and treatments, he told Live Science in an email. Knowing the structure would be “very helpful in developing vaccines and antibodies with good activity,” as would producing higher quantities of these proteins, he added.

The team is sending these atomic “coordinates” to dozens of research groups around the world who are working to develop vaccines and drugs to target SARS-CoV-2. Meanwhile, McLellan and his team hope to use the map of the spike protein as the basis for a vaccine.

When foreign invaders, such as bacteria or viruses, invade the body, immune cells fight back by producing proteins called antibodies. These antibodies bind to specific structures on the foreign invader, called the antigen. But producing antibodies can take time. Vaccines are dead or weakened antigens that train the immune system to create these antibodies before the body is exposed to the virus.

In theory, the spike protein itself “could be either the vaccine or variants of a vaccine,” McLellan said. When you inject this spike-protein-based vaccine, “humans would make antibodies against the spike, and then if they were ever exposed to the live virus,” the body would be prepared, he added. Based on previous research they did on other coronaviruses, the researchers introduced mutations, or changes to create a more stable molecule.

Indeed, “the molecule looks really good; it’s really well behaved; the structure kind of demonstrates that the molecule is stable in the correct confirmation that we were hoping for,” McLellan said. “So now we and others will use the molecule that we created as a basis for vaccine antigen.” Their colleagues at the NIH will now inject these spike proteins into animals to see how well the proteins trigger antibody production.

Still, McLellan thinks a vaccine is likely about 18 to 24 months away. That’s “still quite fast compared to normal vaccine development, which might take like 10 years,” he said. 

The findings were published today (Feb. 19) in the journal Science. 

Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Immunology provides the understanding of Self and Non-Self and the distinction demands recognition of Protein Molecules. Superbugs are antibiotic-resistant and pose challenge to human existence.

These are the top superbug threats in the U.S.

Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Human body defends itself from attacks by pathogens deploying unique Protein Molecules called Antibodies. Superbugs synthesize Protein Molecules that can overcome body’s immune response. Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes infection called Gonorrhoea.

THE WHITE HOUSE HAS MADE THE GERMS ARE SERIOUS PRIORITY

Urgent threat. According to the White House plan to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriacea, CRE, is one of the country’s most urgent threats. Forty-four states have had at least one type of confirmed CREcase, which are resistant to nearly all antibiotics including last-resort drugs. CDC

Meanwhile, another surveillance system that includes the CDC, the USDA and the Food and Drug Administration has also been searching for the gene in bacteria collected from food animals, meat sources and people. Scientists have scoured more than 44,000 samples of salmonella bacteria and 9,000 samples of E. coli and Shigella bacteria.

That search is how the USDA scientists recently found the gene in a sample from a pig intestine. It also was in a strain of E. coli, and also on a plasmid. The USDA is working to determine the sample’s origin.

The strains and plasmids appear to be different, McGann said. That suggests that the gene is circulating through at least two — and possibly more — routes within the United States.

McGann said he learned about the mcr-1 gene in the pig sample only when his team notified government officials about its own finding. U.S. officials haven’t provided details about when the animal sample was found or why information about it wasn’t disclosed earlier.

Public health officials are most worried about the colistin-resistant gene spreading to a family of superbugs known as CRE, for carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae, which the CDC has called one of the country’s most urgent public health threats. In some instances, CRE kills up to 50 percent of patients who become infected. Colistin is increasingly the last-resort drug to treat patients with such infections.

Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Cells of the Immune System recognize foreign protein molecules called Antigens and respond to their presence.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Reticular Formation of Brain Stem and Consciousness.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Stress and Immune System. Body recognizes threat posed by foreign protein molecules or antigens that elicit immune response.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Recognition of foreign protein molecules or antigens is not a mental function. However, Reticular Formation is involved in shaping Immune Response to Stress imposed by pathogens attacking human body.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria pose danger because of their ability to synthesize Protein Molecules.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Superbugs such as Staphylococcus. aureus (MRSA) pose danger because of their ability to synthesize Protein Molecules.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Recognition of Protein Molecules plays a central role in defending body from attacks by Pathogens.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Body’s Defense against invasion by pathogens requires recognition of protein molecules involved in virulence and drug resistance. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Defense against Superbugs demands knowing Molecular Basis of Life. Escherichia coli.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Infection and Immune Response involve understanding Protein Molecules that operate living functions.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Immunology provides understanding of Life at Molecular Level. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Dangers posed by Superbugs will lead to better understanding of Molecules that defend Life and Molecules causing Disease.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Superbugs pose danger and burden on account of drug resistance which involves deployment of Protein Molecules.
Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science. Defending Life against dangers posed by Superbugs involves recognition of their Protein Molecules.
The Battle Against Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). The Molecular Basis of Spirituality Science.

The expulsion of three Wall Street Journal Reporters by China is fully Justified

The expulsion of three Wall Street Journal Reporters by China is Fully Justified.

In my analysis, China is fully justified in its action to expel three reporters of The Wall Street Journal who approved the publication of a guest editorial authored by a Harvard professor who has not studied either Preventive Medicine or Public Health Policy.

I studied Social and Preventive Medicine in Kurnool Medical College, Kurnool, India and practiced the implementation of a variety of public health programs for nearly 15 years in India and Oman while serving in the Medical Services of their Armed Forces.

The expulsion of three Wall Street Journal Reporters by China is Fully Justified.

Under the circumstances associated with the outbreak of this novel Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China, the measures taken to safeguard public health are adequate and in fact exceptionally commendable.

For example, I invite my readers to review the US Government response to Hurricane Katrina. On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall in Louisiana. To state it very briefly, the response to Katrina proved to be its own kind of unmitigated disaster.

The expulsion of three Wall Street Journal Reporters by China is Fully Justified. The US response to Hurricane Katrina is an unmitigated disaster characterized by Corruption, Contempt, and Incompetence.

No other nation of this world has the capabilities of China to fight the battle against the Coronavirus epidemic.

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada

Special Frontier Force-Establishment No. 22-Vikas Regiment

The expulsion of three Wall Street Journal Reporters by China is Fully Justified.

China expels three Wall Street Journal reporters over opinion article written by academic

By Anna Fifield Feb. 19, 2020 at 10:45 a.m. EST

BEIJING — China ordered the expulsion of three Wall Street Journal correspondents Wednesday in retaliation for a column headline that Beijing deemed racist, a dramatic escalation in the Communist Party’s efforts to silence criticism abroad as well as at home.

While the Foreign Ministry linked the expulsions to a Feb. 3 opinion piece by Walter Russell Mead that referred to China as the “sick man of Asia,” the move followed a decision by the United States a day earlier to designate five major Chinese media outlets as government entities.

American officials had warned correspondents in China working for U.S. media outlets that they could be affected by the designation.

China’s Foreign Ministry “reserves the right” to take further actions both against the Wall Street Journal and in response to the United States’ designation, spokesman Geng Shuang told reporters in announcing the expulsions.

The announcement represented a clear signal from China, whose government has tightened censorship and repression in recent years. In previous cases in which Beijing has evicted foreign journalists, it has usually allowed their existing press credentials to expire and then declined to renew them, a practice tantamount to expulsion but without the provocation.

The authorities also appeared to be attempting to stoke nationalist outrage in China at a time of extreme duress for the ruling Communist Party. The party has faced widespread criticism over its response to the novel coronavirus outbreak, which began in the city of Wuhan in December but did not elicit formal acknowledgment or emergency-response measures from the ruling party until the third week of January.

The Journal said the three correspondents affected by Wednesday’s action were Deputy Bureau Chief Josh Chin and reporter Chao Deng, both U.S. citizens, and reporter Philip Wen, an Australian national. They have been ordered to leave China within five days, it said.

A statement from William Lewis, the chief executive of Dow Jones and publisher of the Journal, said “we are deeply disappointed” by China’s decision and urged the foreign ministry to reinstate the visas for the three journalists.

“This opinion piece was published independently from the WSJ newsroom and none of the journalists being expelled had any involvement with it,” the statement noted. “In line with best practice, we enforce a complete separation between our News and Opinion departments.”

A similar policy of separate news and opinion departments is enshrined at most U.S. newspapers, including The Washington Post.

Lewis’s statement added: “Our opinion pages regularly publish articles with opinions that people disagree — or agree with — and it was not our intention to cause offense with the headline on the piece. However, this has clearly caused upset and concern amongst the Chinese people, which we regret.”

Mead, a professor of foreign affairs at Bard College who is a regular contributor to the paper, alluded to this on Twitter earlier this month, as the Foreign Ministry made increasingly heated remarks about the headline.

Among the reporters ordered to leave, Deng at the time of the announcement was in Wuhan, the locked-down city in Hubei province at the epicenter of the coronavirus epidemic. She has been filing reports on how ordinary people are coping and how Communist Party officials are trying to contain the virus.

Wen was one of the two authors of a report published last year that detailed allegations that a cousin of Chinese leader Xi Jinping was involved in high-stakes gambling and potential money laundering in Australia. The other reporter on that story, Chun Han Wong, a Singaporean national who had covered Chinese politics out of the paper’s Beijing bureau since 2014, was effectively expelled when his press credentials expired and were not renewed in August.  

The title of the February column at issue is a reference to a period around the middle of the 19th century until the early 20th century when a weak China, crippled by infighting, was carved up by colonial powers including Japan, Germany, France and Britain. China calls this period the “century of humiliation” and has vowed during the trade war with the United States that it will not be humiliated again.

The phrase echoed the moniker given at the time to the Ottoman Empire, which was called “the sick man of Europe.” More recently, the label has been applied to Britain, first during the economic malaise of the 1970s and more recently as the country was wrangling with its exit from the European Union.

But in Beijing, the Foreign Ministry latched onto the Journal’s headline with unbridled fury, repeatedly accusing the paper of using racially discriminatory language and offending the Chinese people. The Journal website is blocked by China’s Great Firewall, meaning that readers within the country cannot access its website without software to make it appear that they are outside China.

“China demands the WSJ recognize the severity of its mistake, make an official apology and hold the persons involved accountable,” Geng told reporters Wednesday in a briefing conducted over the WeChat messaging app because public gatherings are banned during the coronavirus outbreak.

“However, regrettably, what the WSJ has done so far is nothing but parrying and dodging its responsibility. It has neither issued an official apology nor informed us of what it plans to do with the persons involved,” Geng said.

The Foreign Correspondents’ Club of China condemned the decision, describing it in a statement as “an extreme and obvious attempt by the Chinese authorities to intimidate foreign news organizations.”

The club, whose members include two Washington Post correspondents, called the simultaneous expulsions “an unprecedented form of retaliation against foreign journalists in China.”

This was the first outright expulsion of a foreign correspondent since 1998, according to the FCCC’s tally. Since 2013, the year after Xi became China’s leader, at least nine journalists have been effectively expelled by not having their press credentials renewed, meaning they had to leave the country.

“Many of those evicted from China are fair and talented journalists who worked hard to bring unbiased, informative reports to their audiences and to understand China,” the FCCC said.

Some analysts speculated that the decision was immediate retaliation for the State Department’s decision Tuesday to designate five of China’s foremost media outlets as official government entities under the Foreign Missions Act, meaning they will be treated as though they are diplomatic outposts of the Chinese government and subject to the same constraints.

American officials have become increasingly concerned that Chinese authorities are using journalists to do government work in the United States and have sought to monitor them more closely.

A day earlier, two State Department officials, speaking on the condition of anonymity under department rules for briefing reporters, had declined to discuss internal considerations on whether Beijing would retaliate against foreign reporters working in China.

“We’re painfully aware of the very tough operating environment that U.S. and other foreign journalists operate under in China,” one U.S. official said in announcing the designation Tuesday. “It’s already the case that freedom of the press is under severe siege in the People’s Republic of China.”

The expulsion of three Wall Street Journal Reporters by China is Fully Justified.

Prayers to give the Strength, the Courage, the Patience, and the Hope to the people of Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in their battle against the Novel Coronavirus

Prayers to give the Strength, the Courage, the Patience, and the Hope to the people of Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in their battle against the Novel Coronavirus.

The term Biotic Interactions describe the nature of interactions between members of the same or different living species sharing a common living environment. The ‘Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) is not capable of independent existence. The Virus always needs a Living Host Cell to perform its living functions. The Virus lives as a Parasite providing no benefit to its Host and in fact may totally overwhelm the Host to the extent of causing death of the Host. I use the term “Spiritual” to describe the nature of Biotic Interactions that are characterized by 1. Mutual Assistance, 2. Mutual Tolerance, and 3. Mutual Subservience where the Members of the interacting Living Species experience Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility in their Living Condition.

Prayers to give the Strength, the Courage, the Patience, and the Hope to people of Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in their battle against the Novel Coronavirus.

Molecular Biology. The Understanding of Biotic Interactions. Parasitic vs Spiritual Interactions

Tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic virus (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

The molecules and processes responsible for energy acquisition, energy manipulation, growth and reproduction are basically similar in all life-forms. To understand life, consideration must be given to describe the molecules that determine its structure and to the ways in which molecules are organized. The Molecular Basis of Spirituality describes organization of molecules that is responsible for coordination of living functions and living activities of life-forms. Spirituality involves the capacity or capability to organize molecules to establish the reality of biological existence by any life-form. To explain the Molecular Basis of Spirituality, I would begin with the simplest life-forms that we know.

THE FOUNDERS OF VIROLOGY – THE STUDY OF VIRUSES:

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – Dmitri Ivanovsky( Dmitri Iosifovich Iwanowski ), Russian Botanist in 1892, discovered the filterable nature of a very tiny agent that causes Tobacco Mosaic Disease.
Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science -Martinus Beijerinck, the Dutch Microbiologist in 1898 named the mysterious infectious agent that causes Tobacco Mosaic Disease as ‘VIRUS’.

I am glad to pay my respectful tribute to Dmitri Ivanovsky, Russian Botanist, and to Martinus Beijerinck, the Dutch Microbiologist, the founders of Virology, the Study of Viruses. Ivanovsky studied the Tobacco Mosaic Disease during 1892. By conducting experiments he had demonstrated that the disease is caused by a filterable agent smaller than bacteria. In 1898, Beijerinck independently replicated Ivanovsky’s experiments and found that the infectious agent could only reproduce by infecting leaves of the Tobacco plant. He named the mysterious infectious agent as Tobacco Mosaic Virus – the first Virus recognized.

THE STUDY OF VIRUSES, VIRIONS, VIROIDS, AND VIRUSOIDS:

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – Virus is a complex, molecular life-form that blurs the boundaries of living and non-living material.

Viruses are small masses of material( 100 – 2,000 angstrom ), complex molecular life-forms that blur the boundaries of living and non-living material. Most Viruses are smaller than the wavelength of visible light. They are extremely small and can only be seen with an electron microscope. As compared to light microscope, electron microscope can increase magnification from 1,000 – 2,000 diameters to around 300, 000 diameters. Viruses are 1,000 times more plentiful in water than originally suspected and hence Viruses could be the most numerous life-forms on Earth. Many hundreds of different types of Viruses exist and all of them need living cells to serve them as hosts. Viruses can only complete their life cycles as parasites as they reproduce only within the cells of their hosts, upon which they depend for many of their fundamental life processes. While many Viruses are harmless to their hosts, certain Viruses are responsible for important diseases of humans, animals, and plants. Many Viruses are known to man by the specific disease entities that they cause: Smallpox, Chickenpox, Measles, Mumps, Yellow fever, Polio myelitis, Rabies, Influenza, and the Common Cold. All of us without any exception would get chance of experiencing the bouts of one or the other Viral infections.

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – The DNA of Herpes Virus particle is enclosed by an icosahedral(20-sided) shell of 162 protein units, or capsomers, and by an outer spiked lipoprotein envelope. It causes infectious diseases in man like Chickenpox and Shingles.

A complete virus particle or Virion consists of one molecule of Nucleic Acid, single or double-stranded, either DNA or RNA depending on the specific Virus. It has a protein coat called Capsid which consists of a specific number of protein molecules or Capsomers in a definitive arrangement. In some Viruses, the outer coat has lipid(fat) and carbohydrate. The protein coat helps the survival of the Virus while it exists outside a living cell. The protein coat is also concerned with the mechanisms by which the Virus enters and infects the host cell.

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – To understand the concept of Spiritualism as a functional relationship that generates Peace, Harmony and Tranquility, we must know the nature of biotic interaction called Parasitism that causes Disease. Millions of human lives have perished due to the scourge of Viral Diseases that afflict humankind. This Retrovirus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus(HIV) is responsible for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome or AIDS.

During the stage of its life cycle, when the Virus is free and infectious, the virus particle or Virion is inert, and does not carry out the usual functions of a living entity, such as reproduction or growth in numbers. Propagation of a Virus requires the internal environment of a complete cell, including its biochemical machinery. The Virus loses the protein coat upon entry into a cell, after which the genetic material of the Virus reproduces using materials made by the host cell. The Virus leaves the host cell surrounded by the protein coat, the characteristics of these protein molecules are determined by the genes in the Virus, but the protein molecules are synthesized by the host cell. Viruses are often described as “naked genes” which have discarded all other attributes of complete cells. The Virion or virus particle contains the knowledge or biological information that is needed for its replication. However, to perform that reproductive function, a Virus needs the host cell’s chemical energy, and protein-and nucleic-acid synthesizing ability.

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – Viroids and Virusoids are the smallest and simplest form of all recognized Viruses and Self-replicating Molecules.They lack the protective shell of protein coat that most other Viruses have.

Viroids and Virusoids are the smallest and simplest form of all recognized Viruses and Self-replicating Molecules. Viroids are composed of nothing more than a single circular strand of genetic material and cause major disease in plants. Since Viroids lack the protective shell of protein, they do not even spread easily from one cell or plant to another. The genetic material of Viroid is RNA which has a length of only a few hundred ribonucletids(200-400). Viroids are described as molecules of “naked RNA” that are significantly smaller than the genome of the smallest Virus. They are also called ‘subviral particles’. Viroids/Virusoids “infect” other Viruses, and use the replication process of the host Virus to replicate themselves instead. Viroids are responsible for a number of serious diseases of economically important plants like the Coconut Palm and Chrysanthemums. Episomes are pieces of self-replicating genetic molecules found in some bacterial cells. These are similar to Viruses except for the fact that they only reproduce themselves when their host cells do, whereas Viruses reproduce themselves hundreds of times and often generate the signs and symptoms of the infectious disease they cause in the host.

RNA MOLECULE AS GENETIC MATERIAL:

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – The only human disease caused by a Viroid is HEPATITIS- D. The Viroid is enclosed in Hepatitis B Virus Capsid. Viroids use different strategies for encouraging host Viruses/cells to replicate its RNA molecule.

The RNA-containing Viruses are unique among living systems. They use RNA as their primary genetic material. Retroviruses produce the enzyme called RNA-directed DNA Polymerase or Reverse Transcriptase, which can make a DNA molecule from the Viral RNA molecule. This DNA molecule formed from RNA then serves as the principal genetic molecule within the infected, host cell. Retrovirus uses a life process that is termed ‘reverse transcription’. Two Retroviruses are associated with human leukemia which are Cancer of T-cells. The Retrovirus known as Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV is responsible for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome or AIDS.

THE NUCLEIC ACID MOLECULE – THE ESSENCE AND EXISTENCE OF LIFE:

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – The Influenza Virus has ability to cause pandemic(world-wide)infection of humans. The pandemic of 1918 is estimated to have killed 21-22 million people worldwide. The Virus got its name from the word “INFLUENCE” from an observation made more than 400 years ago that epidemics of respiratory illness occurred under the “influence” of planets and other astrological events. The term ‘spirituality’ does not describe the ‘essence’ or character of this Viral Nucleic Acid Molecule.

Nucleic Acids are organic substances that are characteristic of all living things. These organic molecules are not found in nature except as components or products of organisms. They are called macromolecules; molecules of molecular weight greater than 10,000 daltons or 10,000 times the weight of a Hydrogen atom. These molecules are long chains or polymers that consist of chains of smaller units called monomers. Each Nucleic Acid chain is composed of subunits called nucleotides, each of which is composed of a specific sugar molecule( Deoxyribose or Ribose ), a molecule of Phosphoric Acid, and a molecule of one of four organic bases: Adenine(A), Guanine(G), Cytosine(C), and Thymine(T). The two chief types of Nucleic Acid are DNA( Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid ), and RNA( Ribo Nucleic Acid ). DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose and RNA contains the sugar ribose, and the base Uracil(U) instead of Thymine(T). The specific sequences of nucleotides constitute the genetic information of the life-form. Each three-nucleotide sequence specifies one particular amino acid. The long sequences of nucleotides thus correspond to the sequences of amino acids in the proteins that are synthesized. In order to be expressed as protein, the genetic information is carried to the protein-synthesizing machinery called Ribosomes found in the cytoplasm of the cell. Forms of RNA mediate this process and are important in expression of the genetic code contained in the DNA for the synthesis of proteins. Although the triplet nucleotide code seems to be universal, the actual sequences of the nucleotides vary according to the species and individual organism. The Nucleic Acid Molecules, DNA/RNA is substance of heredity; it carries the ‘essence’ or character of an organism from one generation to next generation. But, in the study of Viruses we have found that this ‘essence’ is not displayed until its ‘existence’ is supported and is established in a complete living cell. The Nucleic Acid Molecules do not have capacity or capability of acquiring energy from their external environment. The Virion or virus particle is inert until it finds a host cell to establish its life as a living thing. The Nucleic Acid Molecules are important to establish the ‘essence’ of an organism and I find the characteristics called ‘Spirituality’ in the functional organization of those Molecules that establish the ‘existence’ of a living entity.

THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF SPIRITUALITY:

Molecular Biology – The Basis of Spirituality Science – Smallpox or Variola was one of the worst scourges ever to afflict human beings. The Smallpox Vaccine developed by Dr. Edward Jenner, British Surgeon in 1796 was the first successful Immunization against any Infectious Disease or Agent. In October 1979, the World Health Organization(WHO) declared that the world is Smallpox Free. Spirituality seeks to establish Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility in all functional Biotic Interactions within the Individual and within the Biotic or Biological Community.

The purpose and goal of Spirituality is that of generating Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility in all functional relationships within the Individual and between members of the Biotic or Biological Community. The disease, the disability, the morbidity, and death caused by Viral infections demonstrate the consequences of Biotic Interactions called Parasitism. The functional organization of a variety of Molecules that provide the functional ability called ‘Existence’ that establishes a living entity is the chief attribute of the ground substance found inside the Living, Complete Cell and the viral particles have no such functional organizational capacity or capability. The Spirit or Soul represents the ‘Knower’ of the Function and is the Architect of Molecular Organization that causes ‘Existence’. The role of various other Molecules, the Molecules concerned with Life, found in living cells are given further consideration in my other blog posts to demonstrate the ‘spiritual’ nature of the Protoplasm, the ground substance, the living material, or living matter that constitutes Life.

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada

BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

Prayers to give the Strength, the Courage, the Patience, and the Hope to the people of Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China in their battle against the Novel Coronavirus.
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SET YOUR MIND FREE – LET SARASVATI FLOW: MY CONVERSATION WITH SIKHS

SET YOUR MIND FREE – LET SARASVATI FLOW: MY CONVERSATIONS WITH SIKHS

Firstly, I have no fears about losing my Hindu Identity if I share views not supported by any of the known Hindu Scriptures such as the Vedas and its related Texts, the Puranas and the Bhagavad Gita. I view my Hindu Identity as my biological inheritance and none of you can change or alter it unless you have the ability to change the Identity of my birth parents. However, I set my Mind Free to explore the ideas, the mental concepts shared by other Scriptures without ever compromising my Unchanging Hindu Identity. For that reason, all Scriptures are relevant. I study Scriptures at my convenience, one concept at one time, and I have no Fear that I must totally accept or totally reject any Scripture.

I prefer direct and simple term or word GOD for purposes of discussion. However, Hindus use their Freedom to seek GOD using thousand and more different names. To that extent, Sikhs must use their Freedom to seek GOD without any Fear; do not develop a dogma or doctrine describing the Categorization of GOD using Watertight Compartments and do not create Barriers to arrest the Flow of Sarasvati.

If your Mind is not Set Free, you should not bother to share your interpretations with others. Be Happy, live as much as possible with your own thoughts. The purpose of Life is that of performing its Living Functions. Your Existence precedes Your Essence which you may describe as God. Soul, Mind, Sikh, and etc.,

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada
Ann Arbor, MI 48104-4162 USA
SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE-ESTABLISHMENT No. 22-VIKAS REGIMENT

Saraswati Stotram Video (With English Meaning)
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Saraswati Stotram Video (With English Meaning)

This Divine Hymn written by Sage Agastya (the sage who composed mantras of Rig Veda, most ancient text available…

Musings on Sunday, the Second Day of the Second Month of 2020. A Day of Darkness in the Belly of a Big Whale

Musings on Sunday, the Second Day of the Second Month of 2020. A Day of Darkness in the Belly of a Big Whale.

This Sunday, the Second Day of the Second Month of the Year 2020 could be special for many reasons. None of them are relevant to my existence for I lost the track of day and night while I survive trapped in the Belly of a Big Whale. I am not surprised to note that people do not pay attention to my plight. All that people can see is the Big Picture of the Big Whale.

Musings on Sunday, the Second day of the Second Month of 2020. A Day of Darkness in the Belly of a Big Whale. I am a Refugee. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. I can neither run nor hide from God.

On this unique Day of our present times, I cannot visualize anything other than the Darkness that shrouds my mortal existence. All that I can speak or write is, “I am a Refugee. Who is my Refuge?”

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada

Special Frontier Force-Establishment No. 22-Vikas Regiment

Musings on Sunday, the Second Day of the Second Month of 2020. A Day of Darkness in the Belly of a Big Whale.

Today’ date is a rare instance of palindrome happening for the first time in over 900 years

Musings on Sunday, the Second Day of the Second Month of 2020. A Day of Darkness in the Belly of a Big Whale.

This Sunday is unique as it has a palindrome date, the first in over 900 years, according to the Washington Post.  February 2, 2020 or 02/02/2020 reads the same backward or forward regardless of the date format — “Month/Day/Year” or “Day/Month/Year”, as seen in many countries.

Palindrome refers to a number or a segment that reads the same forwards as it does backwards. The previous eight-digit palindrome was 11/11/1111, 909 years ago and the next palindrome date in will happen on 12/12/2121, after 101 years.

Professor of electrical engineering at the University of Portland, Aziz Inan, told The Washington Post that there are only 12 eight-digit palindromes this century. He also pointed out that this Sunday is the 33rd day of the year with 333 more days to follow as February has an extra day this year.

In addition to the rare palindrome date phenomena, it is also Groundhog Day in Canada and America. The day is part of a long-standing tradition in which a groundhog is used to determine how many more weeks of winter there will be.

Musings on Sunday, the Second Day of the Second Month of 2020. A Day of Darkness in the Belly of a Big Whale.

TAT ASMI PRABHU. THE SPIRITUAL CONNECTION OF MAN, EARTH, AND SUN

TAT ASMI PRABHU. THE SPIRITUAL CONNECTION OF MAN, EARTH, AND SUN. HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGE OF SUN.

I use the Fifth Great Aphorism, the ‘Panchama Mahavakya’, ‘Tat Asmi Prabhu’ not to propose a new theory of God. I make the statement to explore ‘The Magic of Creation’. The “Magic” or “Maya” in the Indian Sanskrit language accounts for the nature of all existence. In English language there is no equivalent word for the term “Maya.” I use the term “LOVE” as the equivalent of “Maya” for both the terms can be interpreted as Fundamental Force described in Physics.

Tat Asmi Prabhu. The Spiritual Connection of Man, Earth, and Sun. What is Creation? What are the Forces operating in Nature that can fully account for variations observed in planetary motions?

Love or Maya when interpreted as Fundamental Force can account for the nature of connection between Man, Earth, and Sun. I use the term “SPIRITUAL” to describe the nature of connection, relationship, partnership, association, the coming together, the joining, or the yoking of two or more distinct entities to perform guided, goal-oriented, sequential, purposeful actions to support the existence of life on planet Earth.

WHAT IS MAN? SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION. THE PROCESS OR MECHANISM CALLED CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS NOT LEARNED OR ACQUIRED EXPERIENCE. NO SPIRITUAL TEACHER, NO SPIRITUAL MASTER, AND NO SPIRITUAL GUIDE CAN IMPLANT THIS KNOWLEDGE IN MAN.

The fundamental living function performed by all the trillions of independent, individual cells of the human body is described as Cellular Respiration. This function involves the use of Oxygen molecules to create new molecules of energy using the Carbon molecules synthesized by plants performing the Photochemical Reaction called Photosynthesis. Sun, Photosynthesis, and Respiration demonstrate the nature of spiritual interactions between Earthly domain and the extraterrestrial or Supernatural domain.

SPIRITUALITY SCIENCE – THE ART OF KNOWING: HOW DO PLANTS KNOW WHAT THEY KNOW ??? PLANTS KNOW ABOUT LIGHT, THE LENGTH OF DAY, AND THE DURATION OF DARKNESS CALLED NIGHT. THERE IS NO “INTELLECT” INVOLVED IN THIS PROCESS OF KNOWING. THE ABILITY OF KNOWING LIGHT OR PHOTORECEPTION IS EXPLAINED BY PHOTOCHEMISTRY.

The Man has the cognitive ability called ‘Vision’ which is the second most important Photochemical Reaction performed by living entities. The Man living on the surface of Earth, the natural world has the cognitive ability to directly visualize the Sun moving across the Sky. However, the Man cannot transcend the barrier between the Natural Domain of Earth and the Supernatural Domain of Sun.

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada

Special Frontier Force-Establishment No. 22-Vikas Regiment

The sun looks like caramel corn in highest-resolution image ever of our star

The world’s largest solar telescope has revealed its first detailed image of the sun.

Scientists just released the highest resolution images of the Sun’s surface ever taken, obtained with the National Science Foundation’s (NSF) Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) in Hawaii, the largest solar telescope in the world.

“This telescope will improve our understanding of what drives space weather and ultimately help forecasters better predict solar storms,” director of the US National Solar Observatory (NSO) France Córdova said in a statement.

The images show patterns of the turbulent plasma that covers the entire Sun. Each visible cell is about the size of Texas. Hot plasma rises in the center of each cell and cools as it sinks back below the surface, forming the dark lines surrounding the cells — a process known as convection.

TAT ASMI PRABHU. THE SPIRITUAL CONNECTION OF MAN, EARTH, AND SUN.

“What we previously thought looked like a bright point – one structure – is now breaking down into many smaller structures,” Thomas Rimmele, the director of the Inouye solar telescope project told The Guardian.

“The Inouye Solar Telescope will collect more information about our Sun during the first 5 years of its lifetime than all the solar data gathered since Galileo first pointed a telescope at the Sun in 1612,” NSF astronomical sciences director David Boboltz said in the statement.

Tat Asmi Prabhu. The Spiritual Connection of Man, Earth, and Sun, A close-up of the solar telescope’s first published image.  (Image credit: NSO/NSF/AURA)

JANUARY 29. REFLECTIONS ON MARRIAGE MADE IN HEAVEN TO LIVE IN HELL ON EARTH

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth

The First Book of Apostle Moses, the GENESIS gives an account of creation of the first man whom God named as Adam. Male and female created he them; and blessed them, and called their name Adam, in the day when they were created. Genesis 5:2 (King James Bible)

January 29. Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

God created the Garden of Eden to provide home to Adam and Eve to live forever in eternal marital bliss. And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the Garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it. Genesis 2:15 (King James Bible). The Garden of Eden is the Paradise or Heaven on Earth. For that reason, I claim that the Marriage of Adam and Eve is Made in Heaven for God created a heavenly abode for Adam.

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

God’s Plan for the Marriage Made in Heaven includes an important clause, for God is aware of the Devil’s Plan and God knew that Adam is predestined to get entrapped in the Devil’s Plan for the Marriage Made in Heaven. But of the fruit of the tree which is in the midst of the garden, God has said, ‘You shall not eat it, nor shall you touch it, lest you die.’ ” Genesis 3:3 (King James Bible)

January 29. Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

God purposefully instructed Adam for God is aware of the presence of a crafty creature called Serpent which intends to ruin the Marriage Made in Heaven, a God’s Original Plan for Adam and Eve.

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

As anticipated by God, Adam was predestined to eat the Forbidden Fruit violating God’s Commandment.

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

The First Marriage Made in Heaven was destined to fail without giving the Man any hope of eternal conjugal bliss on Earth. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her; and he did eat. Genesis 3:6 (King James Bible)

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

From the beginning, the First Marriage Made in Heaven was doomed. God wasted no time to expel Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden. Therefore the LORD God sent him forth from the garden of Eden, to till the ground from whence he was taken. Genesis 3:23 (King James Bible)

JANUARY 29. REFLECTIONS ON MARRIAGE MADE IN HEAVEN TO LIVE IN HELL ON EARTH. THE OLD TESTAMENT BOOK OF GENESIS IS A WRITTEN RECORD OF THE LIFE-SPAN OF HEBREW PEOPLE. HUMAN HISTORY AND THE RECORDS OF HUMAN LONGEVITY BEGIN WITH THE CREATION OF ADAM AND EVE IN THE GARDEN OF EDEN. THE HEBREW WORD ADAM MEANS MAN.

God’s banishment of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden came with a Curse imposed on Earth. Then to Adam He said, “Because you have heeded the voice of your wife, and have eaten from the tree of which I commanded you, saying, ‘You shall not eat of it’: “Cursed is the ground for your sake; In toil you shall eat of it All the days of your life. Genesis 3:17 (King James Bible)

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

God gave no further concessions to Adam and Eve. They did not die immediately after getting expelled from the Garden of Eden, the Paradise on Earth. And all the days that Adam lived were nine hundred and thirty years: and he died. Genesis 5:5.

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

The First Marriage Made in Heaven lasted for 930 years giving Adam and Eve the predestined opportunity to live in Hell on Earth.

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made In Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth.

The First Marriage Made in Heaven was consummated on Earth, a Living Hell for 930 years, a battlefield rather than a Bed of Roses.

January 29. Reflections on Marriage Made in Heaven to Live in Hell on Earth

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits celebrate 71st Republic Day of India

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

On Sunday, January 26, 2020, the Living Tibetan Spirits celebrate 71st Republic Day of India. The Republic came into its existence on January 26, 1950 when the Constitution of India came into effect replacing the Government of India Act of 1935, the legacy of British Raj in India. This Journey in Independence and Freedom comes with the painful memory of China’s invasion of Tibet in October 1950. Freedom and Occupation remain in the memory of the Living Tibetan Spirits.

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada

Special Frontier Force-Establishment No. 22-Vokas Regiment

A fourth-generation Army Officer — Captain Tania Shergill — on Sunday led the marching contingent of the Corps of Signals during the 71st Republic Day celebrations at Rajpath in the national capital.
Indian Army Corps of Signals contingent led by Captain Tania Shergill, marches during the 71st Republic Day Parade at Rajpath. Photograph: Kamal

A fourth-generation Army Officer — Captain Tania Shergill — on Sunday led the marching contingent of the Corps of Signals during the 71st Republic Day celebrations at Rajpath in the national capital.

Tania Shergill did B Tech in Electronics and Telecommunications from Nagpur University,. She graduated from Officers Training  Academy (OTA), Chennai and was commissioned into the Corps of Signals in 2017.

One of the main highlights will be the marching contingent of DRDO that will showcase Anti-Satellite Weapons (ASAT) – Mission Shakti.

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

One of the main highlights will be the marching contingent of DRDO that will showcase Anti-Satellite Weapons (ASAT) – Mission Shakti.

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

The Indian armed forces were at the center of the grand parade when they showed the Bhishma Tank T-90, the Ballway Machine Pikate infantry combat vehicle and the brand new Air Force Rafale fighter jet, as well as the newly launched Chinook and Apache helicopters.

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

The long-range artillery gun Dhanush commanded by Indian army captain Mrigank Bhardwaj was part of the Republic Day celebrations in Rajpath for the first time.

The 155mm / 45 caliber Dhanush gun system is a trailed howitzer developed by the Ordnance Factory Board. The weapon with a maximum range of 36.5 km can be automatically aligned and positioned.

Women bikers of Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) named as ‘CRPF Women Daredevils’ showcased their daring stunts at India’s 71st Republic Day parade. Leading the Dare Devils was Inspector Seema Nag, who was seen saluting while standing atop a moving motorcycle

A biker from the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) also made her debut on Day 71 of the Republic. Inspector Seema Nag, who is stationed at the Rapid Action Force (RAF), commanded the contingent and was seen saluting on a moving motorcycle.

Mission Shakti, India’s first anti-satellite mission, was a major breakthrough when it was shown that the nation was capable of fending off enemy satellites.

The newly launched Chinook Heavy Lift and the Apache Attack Chopper were also exhibited for the first time during the parade on the majestic Rajpath.

The Marching Corps of Army Air Defense contingent, led by Captain Vikas Kumar Sahu of the Army Air Defense Center, made its debut on Rajpath during the Republic Day parade.

The Marching Corps of Army Air Defense contingent, led by Captain Vikas Kumar Sahu of the Army Air Defense Center, made its debut on Rajpath during the Republic Day parade.

Marching contingents

Republic Day parade was commanded by Lt. Gen. Asit Mistry, General Officer Commanding, Delhi Region.
Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

Republic Day parade was commanded by Lt. Gen. Asit Mistry, General Officer Commanding, Delhi Region. Maj. Gen. Alok Kacker, chief of staff of the Delhi region, will be the deputy.

The first contingent in the uniform of the former Gwalior Lancers was 61 Cavalry – the only active cavalry regiment in the world. It was built on August 1, 1953 with the merger of six cavalry units of the state troops.

The Indian army was represented by a mounted column of 61 cavalrymen, eight mechanized columns, six marching contingents and a fly-by of Rudra and Dhruv Advanced Light helicopters from their aviation wing.

Other army troops marching included the Parachute Regiment, the Grenadiers Regiment, the Sikh Light Infantry Regiment, the Kumaon Regiment and the Corps of Signals.

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.
Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.
Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

The Indian Army’s main battle tank, the T-90 Bhishma tank, the Ballway Machine Pikate infantry combat vehicle, the K-9 Vajra and Dhanush cannons, the portable satellite terminal and the Akash weapon system were the main attractions of the mechanized columns.

The Akash missile system rolls down the Rajpath during the 71st Republic Day parade, in New Delhi on Jan 26, 2020.
The Akash missile system rolls down the Rajpath during the 71st Republic Day parade, in New Delhi on Jan 26, 2020.
The Akash missile system rolls down the Rajpath during the 71st Republic Day parade, in New Delhi on Jan 26, 2020.
Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

The Indian Navy contingent consisted of 144 seafarers, led by Lieutenant Jitin Malkat. The naval tableau “Indian Navy – Silent, Strong and Swift” followed.

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

The IAF contingent, consisting of 144 air warriors, is led by Lieutenant Shrikant Sharma. The Air Force panel shows scaled-down models of the Rafale and Tejas planes, the Light Combat Helicopter, the Akash missile system and the Astra missiles.

This day of the Republic Day parade also had a “tri-service formation” for the first time. This was followed by the “Vic” formation of Chinook helicopters, with which various loads could be transported to remote locations.

Apache helicopters, Dornier aircraft, C-130J Super Hercules aircraft, an Airborne Early Warning and Control System aircraft and the “globe formation” with three C-17 globemasters also delighted the audience.

Five Jaguar Deep Penetration Strike aircraft and five MiG-29 air superiority fighters in arrowhead formation showed their flight maneuvers.

A fleet of Sukhoi-30 MKI jets that shared the sky with a breathtaking “Vertical Charlie” aerobatic maneuver was the last attraction of the Republic Day parade.

Sunday, January 26, 2020. Living Tibetan Spirits Celebrate India’s 71st Republic Day.

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. My reflections on “CHAKRATA KARMA” with the help of a Squirrel Story.

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. My reflections on “Chakrata Karma” with the help of a Squirrel Story.

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. It was established by Christy Hargrove, a wildlife rehabilitator from North Carolina, to draw attention to the importance of these remarkably widespread creatures. Native to five continents and currently living on six (there’s no Antarctic squirrel), there are about 285 species of squirrels in the world, ranging from the tiny African pygmy squirrel to the Bhutan giant flying squirrel (when in Bhutan, be ready to duck).

Like most squirrels, the Eurasian red squirrel pictured here eats primarily nuts and berries. It also has a habit of burying caches of food for later consumption—and even ‘pretending’ to bury food to mislead other animals that might be watching. But squirrel brain capacity being what it is, the squirrel inevitably forgets where some of the food has been buried. Out of that grows one of the humble squirrel’s most important roles in the forest ecosystem: It’s an inadvertent planter of new trees and bushes. Three cheers for the squirrel!

The Squirrel Story that I am sharing is about the fact of Squirrel’s Conscious behavior and actions. While the Squirrel could be forgetful, my memory of events in Chakrata, Uttarakhand, India are still alive.

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. My reflections on “Chakrata Karma” with the help of a Squirrel Story.

A SQUIRREL’S CONSCIOUSNESS AND DISPLAY OF MATERNAL INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR LEADS ME TO EXPLORE CONSCIOUSNESS. 

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. My reflections on “Chakrata Karma” with the help of a Squirrel Story.

IRATE MOTHER SQUIRREL ATTACKED A VISITING TEACHER ON UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN CAMPUS:

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. My reflections on “Chakrata Karma” with the help of a Squirrel Story.

The Ann Arbor News reported this story about a mother squirrel’s angry attack. A 52-year-old Detroit Public School teacher was with a group of students touring the University of Michigan campus in Ann Arbor on Thursday, April 23, 2010. She had spotted some baby squirrels that were outside of their nest. The teacher had tried to alert the mother squirrel that was at a distance about a baby squirrel that was left alone. The mother squirrel could instantly recognize that the teacher was giving unwanted attention to her baby. The mother squirrel was instinctively aroused, turned on the teacher. The teacher tried to run away from the angry mother squirrel. She slipped and fell on the ground and injured her ankle. Seizing the opportunity, the mother squirrel bit the teacher on her leg. The teacher managed to escape and went to the Hospital Emergency for treatment.     

PARENTAL CARE IS AN INSTINCTIVE BEHAVIOR:     

Parental care is an aspect of social behavior exhibited by all animals. This is a complex unlearned or innate behavior that is influenced by heredity(genetic basis) as well as experience. The study of behavior provides valuable information about relationships among animals. No animal is ever completely isolated from some kind of environment. Animals exhibit social behaviors and form parental societies to care for their offspring. This parental care/maternal instinctive behavior is highly organized amongst mammals. The young are part of the mother while growing inside the mother and are nourished before birth by the ‘placenta’ of the mother. After birth, the young still seek nourishment from the mother and suck or lap milk produced by the mammary glands of the mother. This ensures that there is a strong family association between the mother and the offspring.     

BEHAVIOR AND CONSCIOUSNESS:     

The mother squirrel while displaying its maternal instinctive behavior has demonstrated that it is a ‘CONSCIOUS’ entity. Consciousness is defined as the state of being ‘conscious’ which has two components. 1. Being ‘conscious’ means being aware or recognizing the fact of one’s own existence. 2. Being ‘conscious’ also means being aware of our natural environment and it represents the state of knowing what goes on around one. Being conscious gives us the ability to interact with our environment and display appropriate behavior.

In higher animals, this consciousness or awareness is also characterized by the presence of mental activity which includes an awareness of our own thoughts and emotions. A living entity is always conscious of its own existence. A living entity always exists in a state of consciousness.

We identify a person as ‘UNCONSCIOUS’ if the person is not spontaneously interacting with his environment. There are several medical conditions that alter and affect our state of consciousness. Several drugs and intoxicants such as alcohol and poisonous agents like carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide cause drowsiness, stupor, and various levels of semiconscious to deep unconsciousness. Consciousness is very important in evaluating people with head injuries and neurovascular accidents such as ‘stroke’. While a person is unconscious of his environment, he is still aware of his existence. This fact could be easily demonstrated by conducting tests. A living organism or a living cell responds when exposed to a stimulus. For example, an unconscious individual is evaluated by testing to see the response of the pupil of the eye which reacts by constriction of its size on exposure to a light beam.     

A LIFE-THREATENING CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING INCIDENT AT CHAKRATA MILITARY HOSPITAL:     

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. My reflections on “Chakrata Karma” with the help of a Squirrel Story.

An organism uses its awareness to survive in the environment. I could illustrate this by narrating my personal experience.

On January 21, 1974, I was the Duty Medical Officer at the Military Hospital Wing, Establishment No. 22, Chakrata. We were using the buildings and the living quarters of the British while they ruled India.

On that cold winter night, after finishing the midnight round of the hospital wards, I arrived at the Duty Medical Officer’s Room along with the on duty Medical Nursing Assistants. The Duty Medical Officer is allowed to get some rest as the Duty Officer returns to regular working schedule at 7.00 A.M. at the end of the night duty. All other night duty personnel remain alert for they just work during their night shift. When we reached the room, I found a charcoal ‘sigri’ that was just lit a few moments before my arrival at that room. This type of cheap charcoal burners are used by the poorer working class Indian families to provide warmth during cold winter nights. It is not uncommon to hear about carbon monoxide poisoning associated with the use of such charcoal burners. However, in the Chakrata Military Camp, we were not using charcoal as a heating fuel and during the official inspection tours of the Camp I never discovered the use of the charcoal sigri for heating rooms. Some buildings such as the Officers’ Mess have fireplaces with chimneys and use firewood and not charcoal which poses the risks of carbon monoxide poisoning.

I was surprised to encounter a charcoal sigri for the very first time after arriving at Chakrata in 1971.  The night duty personnel were not sure as to who placed the sigri in the Duty Medical Officers’ room. I never tried a charcoal sigri for room heating purpose while many Indians including my own family used wood coal for cooking purposes in the kitchen.

The Duty Medical Officer’s room at Chakrata Military Hospital is a small room that was not heated by any electrical space or personal heater, and the room had no fireplace or a chimney. I permitted the coal burner to remain in the room. The charcoal burns very slowly giving heat and it lasts for several hours and once the coal is lit, the burner needs no further attention. On that particular night, I did not recognize that the coal was of poor quality and it was not burning as expected and was giving away smoke while I turned off the light and resting in the bed. As the door and the windows of the room were shut, the smoke started filling up the room. The smoke is odorless and is lighter than the room air, and it slowly went up filling the room from the top without alerting me.

I was fully asleep in that dark room, unaware as to what was going on around me. I was suddenly alerted when I experienced ‘palpitation’, a consciousness of the beating of my heart (Heart palpitations, pal-pih-TAY-shuns, are the feelings of having a fast-beating, fluttering or pounding heart). I awoke but still could not see the smoke in the dark room. I evaluated my condition to understand my rapid heart rate. I was in good health and there was no reason to experience an increased heart rate. I decided to investigate my problem and walked up to the door to turn the light switch on. The moment I had turned the light on, I could immediately see the smoke-filled room and the fresh, clear layer of room air was below my bed level. I immediately left the room to get fresh air from outside and saved my life. I was feeling very nauseous and threw up while a fainting spell forced me to hit the floor. The hospital Duty Nursing Officer who was on her rounds watched it and rushed to me to provide assistance. She alerted other night duty staff. I recovered very quickly with the intake of fresh air. The Staff took out the offending charcoal sigri and fully ventilated the room driving away the smoke. With the charcoal sigri gone, the room became safe to be reoccupied. I returned to the room and returned to my morning work schedule at 7.00 A.M.

In my analysis, the charcoal sigri was intentionally planted in the Chakrata Military Hospital Room to harm and endanger my life. I make that claim as no person came forward to apologize to me for placing the charcoal sigri in the duty room. In my view, only an enemy agent would have the motivation to conceal his involvement in the unexpected appearance of a charcoal sigri at our Military Hospital.

Many people are not that fortunate, and we read about entire families losing their lives while sleeping in rooms that are heated by improper burners. I was not conscious of what was going on around me while I was sleeping. However, my body was aware and conscious all the time. The chemical sensors in my body worked alright, they sent signals to my brain centers, which in turn sent signals to increase my heart rate to improve the oxygen delivery. It, fortunately, worked like an alarm for me. Very often, people become more drowsy, become fully unconscious, and lose life while asleep in smoke-filled rooms.     

THE SQUIRREL IN THE STORY OF RAMAYANA:     

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day.My reflections on “Chakrata Karma” with help from a Squirrel Story.

Three-striped Indian Palm Squirrel, natives of India, and Sri Lanka are mentioned in the epic poem of Ramayana. All living entities are conscious. Just like the mother squirrel in Ann Arbor which demonstrated its consciousness, in the epic poem of ‘RAMAYANA’, the awareness and the behavioral response of a squirrel are described. The story narrates the construction of what is popularly known as “SETHU” or a bridge across the sea from the southern shores of Indian peninsula to the island of LANKA. The squirrels were apparently conscious of their environment. The Squirrel(s) observed the activities of thousands of monkeys throwing stones to build the ‘ADAM’S BRIDGE’, and recognized the presence of LORD Rama who had initiated the effort to build the bridge. The Squirrel(s) volunteered to help and in its behavior, it showed attributes of devoted service. The abilities of the Squirrel(s) are very small and yet it won the favor of the LORD and is blessed. The LORD is pleased with the Squirrel’s conscious efforts to offer devoted service and as per the Indian legend the stripes on the back of the Three-striped Indian Palm Squirrel represent the markings of blessings given by LORD Rama.     

January 21 is Squirrel Appreciation Day. My reflections on “Chakrata Karma” with the help of a Squirrel Story.
 Dr. R. Rudra Narasimham, B.Sc., M.B.B.S.,   

Special Frontier Force-Establishment No. 22-Vikas Regiment   

 
 

My Musings on Monday, January 20, 2020. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. I am a Refugee. The Chakrata Legacy traps me in Slavery while I live in a Free Nation.

My Musings on Monday, January 20, 2020. I am a Refugee. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. The Legacy of Chakrata Karma traps me in Slavery while I live in a Free Nation.

Each year on the third Monday of January Americans observe Martin Luther King, Jr. Day and reflect on the work that still needs to be done for racial equality. This January 20, make the holiday more than just a day off and take time to reflect and take action on civil rights issues across the globe. The holiday was observed for the first time on January 20, 1986. It’s observed on the third Monday of January rather than directly on Martin Luther King, Jr.’s birthday because it follows the guidelines of the Uniform Monday Holiday Act.

India – The Land of Karma. I am a Refugee. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. The Legacy of Chakrata Karma traps me in Slavery while I live in a Free Nation.
My musings on Monday, January 20, 2020. I am a Refugee. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. India – The Land of Karma. The Legacy of Chakrata Karma traps me in Slavery while I live in Free Nation.

The Land of India or Bharata Varsha is identified as KARMA KSHETRA or KARMA BHUMI.

The Sanskrit word Karma describes the totality of a person’s actions in any one of the successive states of that person’s existence. The Law of Karma governs all action and its inevitable consequences on the doer. Because of this deep-rooted belief in the inevitability of consequences on the doer, the Land of Bharat or India is identified as Karma Kshetra or Karma Bhumi. I can run but I have no place to hide or find shelter to avoid the consequences of Karma.

I am a Refugee. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. I can run, but can’t hide from God. The Chakrata Legacy traps me in Slavery while I live in Free Nation.

I left India on January 10, 1984 to avoid the trappings of Chakrata Karma. I can run but I can’t hide from God. The LORD provided a great fish to swallow Jonah and Jonah was inside the fish for three days and three nights (JONAH 1.1-16).

My Musings on Monday, January 20, 2020. I am a Refugee. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. The Chakrata Legacy traps me in Slavery while I live in a Free Nation.

Please explore the connection between the Law of Karma and Fate/Destiny at my Home Page of BhavanaJagat.

CHAKRATA KARMA: On June 03, 1972, His Holiness The 14th Dalai Lama visited Headquarters Establishment Number.22, Chakrata, Uttar Pradesh, to inspect the Tibetan soldiers who serve in the multinational military organization called Special Frontier Force. I served as the Medical Officer at this military Establishment and my duties required the verification of mental, and physical preparedness of all the men. The Chakrata Legacy traps me in Slavery while I live in a Free Nation.
My Musings on Monday, January 20, 2020. I am a Refugee. The relentless pursuit of Chakrata Karma. The Chakrata Legacy traps me in Slavery while I live in a Free Nation.