WHAT IS MAN? WHO IS HARAPPAN MAN?

WHAT IS MAN? WHO IS HARAPPAN MAN?

I am pleased to share an article published by Srinivasan Kalyanraman that deals with the problem of deciphering Indus Valley Harappa – Mohenjo Daro Script.

Human Language is the peculiar possession of Anatomically Modern Man described as Homo sapiens sapiens.

Who is Harappan Man? What is his Anatomical Identity???

Rudranarasimham Rebbapragada
Ann Arbor, MI 48104-4162 USA
BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

.in/2016/11/on-failed-attempts -at-decipherment-of.html

NOV
13

On the failed attempts at decipherment of Harappa (Indus) Script and outline of a breakthrough Indian Lexicon to read rebus Meluhha hypertexts

Mirror: http://tinyurl.com/zht j4qa

The re-discovery of Vedic River Sarasvati is a major research effort that redefines the ancient history of Bharata. See:Kalyanaraman, S., 2008, Vedic River Sarasvati and Hindu Civilization, New Delhi, Aryan Books International,
ISBN 13: 9788173053658

http://eshakha.pbworks.com/f/V edic_River_Sarasvati_and_Hindu _Civilization.pdf

This book is a compilation of papers presented at a Conference on “Vedic River Sarasvati and Hindu Civilization” held at India International Centre, New Delhi from Oct. 24 to 26, 2008. Participants included scholars from many disciplines including ancient Indian history, archaeology, space imaging, hydrology, meteorology, glaciology, seismology, ice-age geodynamics, sea-level changes, metallurgy and other earth- and life-sciences. The Conference explores the validation of a consensus that the ancient civilization that emerged and prospered on the banks of Vedic River Sarasvati is the precursor to the civilization that is known and exists today as Hindu civilization, establishing a continuum of human society and achievement. As a result of archaeological explorations since 1947, it became clear that over 80% of about 2600 archaeological sites were not on the banks of river Sindhu but on the banks of Vedic River Sarasvati mentioned in Rigveda in 72 rica-s. Underscoring the indigenous evolution of Hindu civilization on this river basin, theories propounded earlier about Aryan invasions/migrations stand negated. Projects are ongoing to revive the river which provides an impetus for establishing a National Water Grid.

This left the unresolved issues of the identity of the Sarasvati people, the language of the civilization, the purport and content of the messages left behind by the people on Harappa (Indus) Script inscriptions. A resolution of these issues is a critical area of research in Proto-Historic studies of the civilization.

Hence, the effort which had commenced in 1978 continued and was brought to fruition by the publication of 16 books until 2016, conclusively establishing the nature, functions and purport of the writing system, decipherment of over 7000 inscriptions mostly on seals and tablets (including 218 copper tablets) and data mining evidencing the contributions made by Bharatam Janam to metallurgical advances of the Tin-Bronze Revolution along the Maritime Tin Route from Hanoi to Haifa, a route which preceded the Silk Road by 2 millennia.

From about 2000 inscriptions recorded in Mahadevan concordance (Mahadevan, Iravatham, 1977, The Indus Script: Texts, concordance and tables, Delhi, Archaeological Survey of India), the corpora have grown to over 7000 inscriptions thanks to the further excavations at Harappa (by Harvard project group called HARP begun in 1986), and reports of explorations/excavations in Kalibangan, Dholavira,Banawali, Bhirrana, Farmana, Binjor, Gola Dhoro (Bagasra), Khirsara, Rakhigarhi, Balakot, Ropar, Ganweriwala. Persian Gulf sites such as Failaka, Bahrain, Salut, have yielded so-called Dilmun seals with Harappa (Indus) Script hieroglyphs. Many cylinder seals and artifacts from Susa, Mari and other sites of Ancient Near East also have yielded Harappa (Indus) Script hieroglyphs as signifiers of metalwork transactions. Three pure tin ingots were found in a shipwreck in Haifa. The ingots had Harappa (Indus) Script signifiers. ranku ‘antelope’ ranku ‘liquid measure’ rebus: ranku ‘tin’ dATu ‘cross’ rebus: dhAtu ‘mineral ore’ mũh ‘face’ Rebus: mũhe ‘ingot’. muhã ‘qua ntity of metal produced at one time in a native smelting furnace.’ This lexeme also explains why the expression mleccha-mukha means ‘copper’ (Samskrtam) corcordant with milakkhu ‘copper’ (Pali). Thus, the corpora have now grown to include over 7000 inscriptions, an adequate database to validate any cryptographic investigation.

Linguistic studies have also advanced beyond identification of Indo-Aryan, Dravidian and Munda (Austro-Asiatic) families in Bharat into the formulation of a Bharata (Indian) sprachbund, which is a linguistic area where language families interacted and absorbed language features from one another. FBJ Kuiper prepared a lexis of Munda words in Vedic and Samskrtam. Emeneau, Colin Masica and Kuiper postulated the Indian sprachbund recognizing the existence of vocables which cannot be explained as mere borrowings but possibly as substratum words of the civilization area. The compilation of Indian Lexicon (comparative dictionary of 25+ ancient languages including the three language families of Vedic, Indo-Aryan, Munda and Dravidian) provided over 8000 semantic clusters evidencing the Indian sprachbund.

The idea of a Linguistic Area is linked with the term sprachbund which was introduced in April 1928 in the 1st Intl. Congress of Linguists by Nikolai Trubetzkoy. He made a distinction between Sprachfamilien and Sprachbunde: the distinction in classifying languages was suggested by Trubetzkoy in order to avoid ‘missverstandnisse und fehler’ (trans. misunderstandings and errors).

The metaphor of a ‘family’ gets expanded to an area of intense cultural contacts among people resulting in the formation of a sprachbund.

What is a sprachbund?

“First, the languages of a Sprachbund show certain similarities in the field of phonetics, morphology, syntax and lexis. Secondly, the languages of a Sprachbund belong to different families. They are neighbouring geographically, as Trubetzkoy has show, using the example of the Balkansprachbund…In contrast to the genetically defined family of languages (genus proximum), the Sprachbund comprises a typologically defined group of geographically neighbouring language whose common features are derived from mutual influences (differentia specifica).” (Schaller, Helmut W, Roman Jakobson’s conception of ‘sprachbund’ in: Cahiers de l’ILSL, No. 9, 1997, p.200, 202). R. Jakobson published in 1931 three articles about the question of Sprachbund. He also noted that the phonological system of Serbo-Croatian is a remnant of proto-slavic languag features.

In Ancient India, Dravidian, Munda and Indo-Aryan languages shared a number of features that were not inherited from a common source, but were areal features, the result of diffusion during sustained contact.(Emeneau, Murray (1956), “India as a Linguistic Area”, Language, 32 (1): 3–16).

The delineation of Indian sprachbund of the Bronze Age is based on the metallurgical vocables and expressions so diffused during sustained contacts along the Maritime Tin Route.

The database lexis of metalwork words and expressions provided by the Indian Lexicon could be matched with Harappa (Indus) Script hieroglyphs and read rebus, following the method used to read Egyptian hieroglyphs.

Cartouches on the palette show name: Narmer

Asko Parpola has demonstrated the rebus method of reading the ancient Harappa (Indus) Script by citing the example of Egyptian hieroglyphs. The Narmer Palette provided a clear rebus rendering of the Emperor’s name by hieroglyphs n’r ‘cuttle fish’ + m’r ‘awl, chisel’ as signifiers of the composition: Nar-mer to pronounce the name of the Emperor. (http://www.thehindu.com/multi media/archive/00133/_A_Dravidi an_Soluti_133901a.pdf)

A good compendium of attempts at decipherment of Harappa (Indus) Script is in the first volume of Gregory Possehl’s magnum opus in 3 volumes. The first volume (1996) is titled Indus Age: The writing system:

Possehl, Gregory L., 1996. Indus Age: the writing system. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press; New Delhi: Oxford IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 29 cm, xiv, 244 pp., 16 pl. Hb ISBN 0-8122-3345-X & 81-204-1083-1.

Possehl, Gregory L., 1999. Indus age: the beginnings. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press; New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 29 cm, xxxvi, 1063 pp., 580 b/w ill. Hb ISBN 0-8122-3417-0. Reviewed: Asko Parpola, The Times Higher Education Supplement, 3 Dec 1999.

Possehl, Gregory L., 2002. The Indus civilization: a contemporary perspective. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press. 29 cm, xi, 276 pp., ill., maps. Pb ISBN 0-7591-0172-8. Hb ISBN 0-7591-0171-X.

Gregory Possehl’s is the only work which includes a Gazetteer of Sites of the civilization. This Gazetteer is a revelation: about 2000 sites (out of 2600) are NOT sited in Indus river valley but in Sarasvati River Basin.

Gregory Possehl provides a succinct evaluation of the failed attempts at decipherment and recalls the brilliant insights provided by Cyril Gadd who identified Indus Script seals in Ancient Near East and also explained the hieroglyphic nature of a ‘sign’ of the script citing the example of a seal:

Seal impression. Ur. C.J. Gadd, Seals of ancient Indian style found at Ur, Proceedings of the British Academy, XVIII, 1932, pp. 11-12, Plate II, No. 12; Description: water carrier with a skin (or pot?) hung on each end of the yoke across his shoulders and another one below the crook of his left arm; the vessel on the right end of his yoke is over a receptacle for the water; a star on either side of the head (denoting supernatural?). The whole object is enclosed by ‘parenthesis’ marks. The parenthesis is perhaps a way of splitting of the ellipse (Hunter, G.R., JRAS, 1932, 476). An unmistakable example of an ‘hieroglyphic’ seal.

John Marshall also commented on the writing system in his first report.

“The Indus inscriptions resemble the Egyptian hieroglyphs far more than they do the Sumerian linear and cuneiform system. And secondly, the presence of detached accents in the Indus scriptis a feature which distinguishes it from any of these systems.” (Mohenjo-daro and the Indus Civilization, Being an official account of archaeological excavations at Mohenjo-daro carried out by the Government of India between the years 1922 and 1927, in 3 volumes, London, Arthur Probstain, 1931, Vol.1, p.424).

The major reason for the failed decipherments of the past is that the insights of Cyril Gadd and John Marshall were not pursued; the insight was hieroglyphic nature of the Harappa (Indus) Script.

By ignoring the insight, 150+ decipherments (Kalyanaraman, S., 1988, Indus Script, a bibliography, Manila, Philippines) attempted to assign ‘syllabic’ values to the ‘signs’ of the script and almost always ignored the imperative of deciphering the pictorial motifs or field symbols which occupied space on majority of seals and tablets and which constituted hieroglyphic components of the writing system. Some decipherers just wished away the pictorials as ‘totem symbols’ and started with the assumption that the ‘signs’ constituted texts which could represent ‘names or titles’.

It is well-known that the seals and tablets were used in trade transactions. It is also well-known that many seals and tablets could be traced in Ancient Near East (opcit., Gadd, C., Seals of ancient Indian style found at Ur, in: Proceedings of the British Academy, XVIII, 1932).

This meant that the messages of Harappa (Indus) Script had to be explained in the context of trade with neighbouring civilizations. If the messages related to trad, did the seals/tablets record trade transactions? This question was NOT posed and answered in the past decipherments.

The decipherments also failed to note an important feature: that many inscriptions were recorded on metal — on copper plates and on weapons/implements themselves. BM Pande, Inscribed copper tablets from Mohenjo-daro: a preliminary analysis, in: DP Agrawal & A Ghosh eds., Radiocarbon and Indian Archaeology, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay, 1973, pp. 305-322).

Copper plates with inscriptions

Source: Copper plates from Mohenjo-daro: an analysis of 46 tablet groups of 218 copper tablet inscriptions (After Parpola, 1994, fig 7.14)

A list of Inscribed metal tools

Broken axe, Chanhu-daro (C-40) inscribed on both sides.
Ingot. Chanhu-daro (C-39)
Chisel. Kalibangan (K-121). Wt. 210 g.
Parallels broken chisel (tang) Mohenjo-daro (DK-7856). Wt. 165/343 g/
Axe. Kaibangan (K-122). Wt. 476 g.
Parallels axe Mohenjo-daro (DK-7835). Wt. 1910.030 g.
Knife. DK-7800
Spearhead DK-7857
Axe. DK-7855. Wt. 262 g.

(Note: Of the five metal objects from Mohenjo-daro, four were found ‘at the low level 24.4 ft.[ and one (copper knife) was found 18.4 ft. below datum. (Mackay 1938: 454; Vol. II. Pl. CXXVI #2.3 and 5, Pl. CXXVII #1, Pl. CXXXI; Vol. II. Pl. CXXXIII#1).Mackay 1938: Vol. 1, p. 348, Vol. 2, Pl. XC,1; XCVI, 520.

see: Pettersson, JS, 1999, Indian Journal of Historyh of Science, 34(2): 89-108 http://www.new.dli.erne t.in/rawdataupload/upload/insa /INSA_2/20005a61_89.pdf

Chanhu-daro Pl. LXXIV and Mohenjo-daro: copper and bronze tools and utensils (an inscriptions line mirrored on a zebu seal)

Chanhu-daro, Pl. LXXIV & Mohenjo-daro: copper and bronze tools and utensils (an inscription line mirrored on a zebu seal)

This typological analysis of inscriptions on copper plates and on metal implements should have been pursued by decipherers to unravel the messages conveyed.

These are explanations for the failure of the decipherment efforts of the past.

The failure to decipher the copper plate inscriptions ia a major failure given the fact that many early epigraphs of the historical periods of Bharat were on copper plates. The possibility of this tradition of copper plate inscriptions is also evidenced on a Pre-Mauryan copper plate called Sohgaura plate read in Brahmi by John Fleet in 1894. (Fleet, JRAS, 63, 1894 proceedings, 86, plate, IA 25. 262; cf. Sohgaura copper plate/B.M. Barua. The Indian Historical Quarterly, ed. Narendra Nath Law. Reprint. 41).

W.Theobald had pointed out in 1890 and 1901, and described 342 ‘symbols’ on early punch-marked coins. (W. Theobald, 1890, Notes on some of the symbols found on the punch-marked coins of Hindustan, and on their relationship to the archaic symbolism of other races and distant lands, Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, Bombay Branch (JASB), Part 1. History , Literature etc., Nos. III & IV, 1890, pp. 181 to 184) W. Theobald, Symbols on punch-marked coins of Hindustan (1890,1901). This lead was pursued by CL Fabri indicating the parallels with Harappa (Indus) Script hieroglyphs. (Fabri, CL, The punch-marked coins: a survival of the Indus Civilization, 1935, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, Cambridge University Press. pp.307-318.)

These leads of Sohgaura copper plate with a top line using Harappa (Indus) Script hieroglyphs and tens of thousands of early coins of Bharat using such hieroglyphs should have been pursued and evaluated in the decipherments The failure to do so explains the failure of the decipherments.

Many pictorial motifs are not merely pictographs but also narratives. For e.g., tablet M478 narrates 1. jungle clearing which should have led to the recognition of a rebus reading of erga ‘ jungle clearing’ with rebus: erako ‘molten cast copper’; 2. a person on a tree branch (spy): heraka ‘spy’ rebus: eraka ‘copper’; 3. tiger looks back; Hieroglyph: Looking back: krammara ‘look back’ (Telugu) kamar ‘smith, artisan’ (Santali); 4. Hieroglyph: tree: kuṭhi ‘tree’ rebus: kuṭhi ‘furnace’ (Santal i).

Mohejodaro, tablet in bas relief (M-478)

m0478B tablet erga = act of clearing jungle (Kui) [Note image showing two men carrying uprooted trees].

eraka, hero = a messenger; a spy (Gujarati) heraka = spy (Skt.); er to look at or for (Pkt.); er uk- to play ‘peeping tom’ (Ko.) Rebus: eraka, arka ‘copper’ (Ka.)

All the 500+ ‘signs’ of Harappa (Indus) Script are also hieroglyphs. Dennys Frenez and Massimo Vidale have demonstrated the orthography of the script as composed of hyper texts by combing hieroglyph elements.

Frenez Dennys, & Massimo Vidale, 2012, Harappan Chimaeras as ‘Symbolic Hypertexts’. Some Thoughts on Plato, Chimaera and the Indus Civilization

t/harappan-chimaeras-%E2%80%98 symbolic-hypertexts%E2%80%99-s ome-thoughts-plato-chimaera-an d-indus-civilization

This demonstrates that each hieroglyph-multiplex is a composition of orthography signifying various creatures and phenomena as components of the hypertext. Reading each component and rebus rendering in Indian sprachbund lexis of metalwork words, results in the decipherment of all 7000+ inscriptions as metalwork catalogues.

The resultant decipherment of metalwork catalogues provides a database of the contributions made by Bharatam Janam, the artisans and artificers in particular to the Tin-Bronze Revolution of the Bronze Age.

This compound Bhāratam Janam is attested by Viśvāmitra in Rigveda:

viśvāmitrasya rakṣati brahmedam bhāratam janam Trans. This mantra of Visvamitra protects the Bharata people. (RV 3.53.1).

The language of Indian sprachbund which provided the metalwork lexis is called Meluhha (cognate Mleccha). The lexis is traceable as spoken forms of words recorded in Indian Lexicon.
d/0B4BAzCi4O_l4MnkyeUwtMFp4QWM /view?usp=drive_web

S. Kalyanaraman, 2016, Harappa Script & Language: Data mining of Corpora, tantra yukti & knowledge discovery of a civilization, Amazon

This is a treatise, a formal and systematic written discourse on knowledge discovery of a civilization in two domains of knowledge 1. Archaeo-metallurgical advances during Bronze Age Revolution; and 2. Invention of a writing system to document, in Meluhha (Harappa) language, technical details of these advances anchored on the imperative of supporting long-distance trade transactions by seafaring artisans and merchants. The objective of the treatise is to unravel the semantics of Dharma samjnA or Bharatiya hieroglyphs using a method of data mining. The method of data mining of Harappa Script Corpora of over 7000 inscriptions is based on the principles of tantra yukti.

S. Kalyanaraman

Sarasvati Research Center
November 13, 2016

S. Kalyanaraman

__,_._,___

WHAT IS MAN?- SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION

WHAT IS MAN? – SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION:

What is Man? I want to respectfully begin this conversation by stating my motivation for asking the question.

WHAT IS MAN? SPIRITUAL BEING AND SELF-REALIZATION. SPIRITUALITY IS NOT LEARNED OR ACQUIRED EXPERIENCE. — **WHAT IS MAN? SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION. SPIRITUALITY IS NOT LEARNED OR ACQUIRED EXPERIENCE.**

The motivation to know Real Man comes from a statement expressed in Sanskrit language: “Sarvesham Swastir Bhavatu” that seeks the well-being of all humans, of all races, of all cultures, of all religions, and of all nations.

The meaning and purpose of human life are affected by whatever we think is the ‘real’, or ‘true’ nature of Man. But, more importantly, our efforts to support the well-being of man would require correct understanding and knowledge of ‘real’, or ‘true’ Man.

Human Cultures and Traditions all over the world venerate people recognized as Prophets and Saints, as people of Spiritual Knowledge. Such Spiritual Masters, Spiritual Teachers, Spiritual Gurus, or Spiritual Guides instruct Man to discover True Self using a process called Self-Realization. This could be defined as complete fulfillment of the Self or full development of one’s ‘real’, or ‘true’ Self without which Man is thought to be incomplete.

I submit to my readers that I do not intend to show any disrespect towards any of these Masters of Spiritual Learning and Teachers of various kinds of Spiritual Practices. I have a basic right to know and understand ‘true’ or ‘real’ Self and I believe such understanding has practical applications to promote and preserve the well-being of all humanity. The reasoning process that I use could be called Applied Philosophy which involves Application of Conceptual Analysis to questions of Belief and Faith which affect what we think about ourselves and what we think we ought to do individually and socially. We need to carefully verify the concepts of Soul, and Spirituality to define Self-Realization.

HUMAN BIRTH IS A DIVINE PHENOMENON:

What is Man? Spirituality and Self-Realization. Lord Krishna, Divine Supreme Being arrived in this Physical, Material World as a Newborn Baby, a Spiritual Being. Man always arrives as a Spiritual Being and Spirituality is not Learned or Acquired Knowledge and Behavior.

Spirituality is the potency that brings Man’s Essence and Man’s Existence to come together to provide Man the Subjective and Objective Reality of his own biological existence in the Physical and Material Realm. Spirituality is the potency that shapes Man’s Existence as a Spiritual Being. Human Birth is a Divine Phenomenon. The Newborn Baby always arrives as a Spiritual Being. This statement has two important implications; 1. There is complete development and fulfillment at birth for Man to exist as a Spiritual Being, and 2. Spirituality is not Learned or Acquired Knowledge and Behavior. Man does not transform himself into a Spiritual Being by his physical or mental efforts. In other words, Spirituality does not involve learning from Holy Scriptures, practice of techniques like Meditation, and observation of religious rituals like pilgrimage and Temple worship. Man, the Physical Being is created not as an Embodied Soul but as a Living Soul that lives as a Spiritual Being.

Man acquires several important benefits by reading Holy Scriptures and through religious practices such as Prayer, Meditation, and Worship. I do not discourage or disrespect such practices and religious behavior. Rather, I categorically submit to my readers that Man does not transform himself into a Spiritual Being by virtue of any of his physical, and mental efforts. To think that Man is born as a Physical Being and slowly transforms himself into a Spiritual Being through a process called Self-Realization is a myth.

If the Human Body is described as a field of activity or ‘KSHETRA’, the Knower, and the Enjoyer of this field of activity called ‘KSHETRAJNA’ exists at birth. This Spiritual Being does not come into existence during a later part of life through a process of Learning from sensory experience or intellectual introspection.

CREATION AND SELF-REALIZATION:

Man, like all other living entities represents a thermodynamically unstable system. Man does not exist in the physical, material world because of his own Power/Force/Energy. Man needs continuous supply of energy from an external source during the entire span of his life. The fact of Man’s Physical Existence in Natural World could be explained as Manifestation of Power/Force/Energy of the Supreme Being. Operation of this Divine Power or Potency underlies the process of Self-Realization, the process or mechanism by which the Creative Power/Force/Energy establishes the complete Self. In Indian tradition, the process of Self-Realization involves Four Stages before it arrives at the Final Stage called God-Realization. These initial Four Stages are as follows:

1. First Stage of Self-Realization – The Establishment of Knowledge or JNANAMOYA:

What is Man? Spirituality and Self-Realization.Human life begins at conception. Father is the Originating Principle and Mother is the Providing Principle. Self-Realization begins with implantation of Knowledge in Egg Cell, making it Conscious or Aware of its own Living Condition that initiates Growth and Development.

Human Life begins at conception as a Single, Fertilized Egg Cell. This Egg Cell always comes from a previously existing Egg Cell that experienced Growth and Development into a human being. Father is the Originating Principle. Mother, the divine source of Life, Energy, and Knowledge, is the Providing Principle. In my view, Self-Realization begins with implantation of Knowledge in Substance of the Egg Cell making it Conscious or Aware of its own Living Condition that initiates its Growth and Development into Embryo, Fetus, and a fully formed human baby. Hence, Life could be defined as “Knowledge in Action.” In Indian tradition, this aspect of Self-Realization is described as “Jnanamoya”, the Living Symptoms manifested as Consciousness.

2. The Second Stage of Self-Realization or The Establishment of Vital Functions, PRANAMOYA:

What is Man? Spirituality and Self-Realization.The Newborn Baby upon separation from Mother begins life as an independent living entity by initiation of its vital, living functions such as Respiration and Circulation.

The Newborn Baby upon separation from Mother, begins life as an independent living entity by initiation of its vital, living functions such as Respiration and Circulation. To survive in the physical world, the Baby needs to breathe on its own and circulate vital supply of Oxygen to all the tissues, and organs of entire body. In Indian tradition this manifestation of living symptoms as Consciousness or Self-Realization is called “Pranamoya”; the ability to perform vital functions like Breathing independent of Mother.

3. The Third Stage of Self-Realization or The Establishment of Nutrition, ANNAMOYA:

WHAT IS MAN? SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION. RESPIRATION PLAYS CRUCIAL ROLE IN ENERGY TRANSFORMATION. — **WHAT IS MAN? SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION. RESPIRATION PLAYS CRUCIAL ROLE IN ENERGY TRANSFORMATION FOR COMPLETE FULFILLMENT OR FULL ESTABLISHMENT OF SELF WITH CONSCIOUSNESS AS ITS LIVING SYMPTOM.**

During the stages of Growth and Development, Embryo and Fetus receive nutritional support from Mother. Complete Fulfillment or Full Establishment of Self with Consciousness as Living Symptom primarily involves acquisition of Matter and Energy from an External Source.

**What is Man? Spirituality and Self-Realization. Fulfillment or Establishment of Human Life primarily involves acquisition of Matter and Energy from an External Source.**

The Newborn Baby must continue to feed through all the stages of its physical existence for the rest of its entire life span.

WHAT IS MAN? SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION. THE PROCESS OR MECHANISM CALLED CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS NOT LEARNED OR ACQUIRED EXPERIENCE. NO SPIRITUAL TEACHER, NO SPIRITUAL MASTER, AND NO SPIRITUAL GUIDE CAN IMPLANT THIS KNOWLEDGE IN MAN. — WHAT IS MAN? SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION. THE PROCESS OR MECHANISM CALLED CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS NOT LEARNED OR ACQUIRED EXPERIENCE. NO SPIRITUAL TEACHER, NO SPIRITUAL MASTER, AND NO SPIRITUAL GUIDE CAN IMPLANT THIS KNOWLEDGE OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION IN MAN.

No Spiritual Teacher, no Spiritual Master, and no Spiritual Guide can implant Knowledge in Man to perform Living Function called Cellular Respiration, the Living Symptom manifested as Consciousness.In Indian tradition this manifestation of Consciousness or Self-Realization as Living Symptoms that involve dependence upon Food for Existence is called “Annamoya”, or the Materialistic Realization of the Supreme Being’s Divine Power, Energy, or Potency.

4. The Fourth Stage of Self-Realization or The Establishment of ‘The Knowing-Self’, VIJNANAMOYA:

What is Man? Spirituality and Self-Realization.The anatomical structure known as Reticular Formation shown as a red band in this image is in the Brain Stem. It composes Contents of Consciousness and its functions are important to bring Unity of trillions of independent, individual living cells of human organism to generate Singular Effect called Man. It is the Knower, and the Enjoyer of the activities of the entire Human Body.

The cells, tissues, and organ systems of the Newborn Baby display functional subservience for the benefit of Self which lives because of their living functions. Reticular Formation in the Brain Stem functions as ‘The Knowing-Self’, and is involved in composition of Consciousness which brings functional unity in the complex, multicellular human organism to generate Singular Effect called Man. Reticular Formation of Brain Stem can be described as the “Knower”, and the “Enjoyer” or “KSHETRAJNA” of the field of activities of Human Body called “KSHETRA”. In Indian Tradition, Establishment of this “Knower”, “Enjoyer”, or the ‘Knowing-Self’ as manifestation of Living Symptom of Consciousness is described as the Fourth Stage of Self- Realization, or ‘Brahman-Realization’ called “Vijnanamoya.”

For the reasons I shared, the Complete Fulfillment or Full Establishment of Self as Living, Spiritual Being is not Learned or Acquired Behavior.

Rudranarasimham Rebbapragada

BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

Spiritualism – the Theory of Consciousness (bhavanajagat.com)
Whole Dude – Whole Living (wholedude.com)
Spiritualism – Human Existence and Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism and Knowledge of Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – Human Nature and Human Behavior (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – Psychoanalysis and Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – Human Nature and Human Forms (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – the Key to Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – the Victory Over Death (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – the Truth About Soul or Spirit (bhavanajagat.com)

WHAT IS MAN? – THEORY OF HUMAN NATURE

WHAT IS MAN? – THEORY OF HUMAN NATURE

Vitruvian-Man - THE KEY TO HUMAN NATURE — **What is Man? Theory of Human Nature.The Vitruvian Man c. 1492. The painting by Leonardo da Vinci promotes Spirit of Scientific Inquiry of Human Nature.**

What is Man? The motivation for asking this question comes from a statement expressed in Sanskrit Language.

WHAT IS MAN? THEORY OF HUMAN NATURE. PURSUIT OF PEACE, HARMONY, AND TRANQUILITY IN HUMAN LIVING EXPERIENCE. — **WHAT IS MAN? THEORY OF HUMAN NATURE RELATES TO MAN’S PURSUIT OF PEACE, HARMONY, AND TRANQUILITY IN HUMAN LIVING EXPERIENCE.**

“Sarvesham Swastir Bhavatu,” Shanti Mantra seeks the well-being of all humans, of all races, of all cultures, of all religions, and of all nations. My Theory of Human Nature draws inspiration from Man’s pursuit of Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility in Human Living Experience. Our efforts to support the well-being of Man would be affected by our understanding the ‘real’, or ‘true’ Nature of Man.

All human traditions including several philosophical and scientific traditions make assumptions about Human Nature. The basic assumption about Human Nature is that of finding it displayed in feelings, thoughts, moods, action, and behavior. I try to study Human Nature from the functional characteristics that are observable in interactions of cells, tissues, and organs that constitute the Human Organism. Man is Multicellular Organism, and I discover Human Nature of Subject who lives, taking into account functions of the cells, tissues, organs and organ systems providing the structural basis.

THE KEY TO HUMAN NATURE – EVOLUTION vs CREATION :

Charles Darwin - The Key to Human Nature — What is Man? Theory of Human Nature. Charles Darwin’s great contributions to Biology: “The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection: Or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle of Life”(1859), The Descent of Man(1871), The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals(1872).

Man’s “Evolution” from ape-like ancestors is thought to be the key to our true Human Nature. Ethology or the scientific study of Animal Behavior is based on the Theory of Evolution. In order to explain human condition, Ethological Theories of Human Nature appeal to the “evolutionary” past of man.

Konrad Lorenz-Theory of Human Nature — What is Man? Theory of Human Nature. Konrad Zacharias Lorenz ( November 1903 to February 1989 ), Austrian Zoologist, founder of modern Ethology, Scientific Study of Animal Behavior by means of comparative zoological methods. He won the Nobel Prize for Physiology along with two other Animal Behavior experts.

Lorenz sees Man as an animal who has evolved from other animals. He thinks that Human Behavior is subject to the same causal Laws of Nature as all Animal Behavior. Many patterns of Animal Behavior show “hereditary coordination” or “instinctive movements” that are innate rather than learned. The ‘instinctual’ Behavior is fixed and may not be eliminated or altered by the environment. Instinct is inherited and it is essentially unlearned Behavior. Some of the most important aspects of Animal Behavior are innate.

Lorenz studied the nature of instinctive behavioral acts. The instinctual Behavior is caused by a ‘drive’ which causes the Behavior to appear spontaneously. The “four big-drives” are Feeding, Reproduction, Flight, and Aggression. Very often, Behavior is activated by two or more basic drives. To account for an instinctive Behavior Pattern in a Species, reference is made to Survival Value it has for the genes responsible for that Behavior. To explain the existence of any particular organ or Behavior Pattern, Lorenz looks for its Survival Value for the given Species.

In his book, “On Aggression” ( 1963 ), he explains the Natural History of Man’s Aggressive Behavior. He considers that Man has an innate drive to Aggressive Behavior towards his own species like many other animals. Fighting and warlike Behavior in Man have an inborn basis. He seeks an evolutionary explanation for human innate aggressiveness or ‘Intra-Specific’ Aggression which is concerned with fighting and threats between members of the same Species. The most destructive aspect of Human Aggression is its communal nature and the fighting is not between Individuals but between Groups. Humans fight as Groups and human beings are the only animals to indulge in mass slaughter of their own Species. He explains that this innate Aggressive Behavior has evolved from the communal defense response of our pre-human ancestors.

However, it is important to know that Lorenz made no scientific study of Behavior displayed by Apes. Among the members of Homo genus, Man is the only surviving representative of the Homo sapiens Species and hence it will not be easy to validate his conclusions about evolutionary origin of innate Human Aggressive Behavior. If Aggression is viewed as Hereditary Behavior which is based upon its Survival Value for the genes for that Behavior, it must be noted that there are no surviving human ancestral Species. It appears that Aggressive Behavior had no value in defending survival of Members of Hominin Family, immediate ancestors of Anatomically Modern Man.

COMPASSION WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL AND BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS :

Compassion or sympathy( sym=together + pati=suffer ) describes the emotional feelings of sorrow for the sufferings or troubles of another person or others accompanied by an urge to help. Compassion describes an understanding arising from the sameness of emotional feeling. When man recognizes pain or sorrow in the lives of others, it spontaneously arouses the emotional feelings of Compassion. This understanding and the emotional response to pain and suffering in the lives of others appears to be instinctive. Apart from the “four big-drives”, Compassion is operated by an Innate Drive or it represents Motivated Behavior.

Compassion and Altruism( any behavior that appears to favor another individual’s chances of survival ) is a response generated by Human Nature. Compassion acts like a physical force, power, or energy. It has the power to uplift Man from both physical and mental pain. The instinct of Compassion comes into play and acts as a force, power, or energy when Man experiences sorrow in recognition of suffering or troubles of another man or other living entities. I am further suggesting that the Motivated Behavior of Compassion is expressed within Individual actions apart from Interactions between Individuals. If my personal experience of pain or suffering does not elicit emotional reaction of Compassion from others, fortunately, I can derive benefit of the uplifting power of Compassion by simply knowing the Source of Compassion that exists within myself.

When a person is enjoying state or condition of good health, we find that the cells, tissues, and organs of that human person are interacting with each other in a harmonious manner and these intraspecific biotic interactions display characteristics such as mutual assistance, mutual cooperation, mutual tolerance, and mutual functional subservience to provide a benefit to the human individual who lives because of such interactions. The constituent parts of the Human Body interact with each other with a sense of devotion, sympathy, compassion, and understanding.

We often acknowledge Compassion in the actions performed by others in response to pain, and suffering that they witnessed. We describe Compassion from the thoughts, emotional feelings, understanding, and sympathetic response that we witness in the Behavior and action of others. I recognize Compassion in the nature of interactions between the cells, tissues, and organs of my body and consider that such Compassion always operates to keep me the human person in good and positive health.

The Reality of Human Existence is possible because Compassion is innate to Human Nature guiding living functions both in health and sickness. I observe operation of Compassion in the Wound Healing Mechanism described as ‘Inflammation and Repair’.

The emotional feelings associated with Compassion are important for the Survival of Man who needs to find Psychological Satisfaction from his Living Experience. The instinctive Behavior of Compassion supports Survival of Man as it provides Mental Satiation or Contentment which contributes to the Experience of Joy and Happiness in Life.

COMPASSION IS THE KEY TO HUMAN NATURE :

Cell Structure and Functions-The Key to Human Nature. — What is Man? The Key to Human Nature could be discovered by knowing Cell Structure and Functions. If hereditary behavior is operated by information present in genes, it must be noted that the genes have no independent existence of their own. The nucleus and the genes perform their cellular functions deriving energy from Cytoplasm or Protoplasm of the cell. The biological properties, characteristics, and the biological nature of the Living Substance or Protoplasm could account for the instinctive behavior pattern of Compassion.

The biological properties, characteristics, and biological nature of the Living Substance or Protoplasm accounts for an instinctive Behavior Pattern of Compassion. Biological functions and characteristics such as Nutrition, Cognition, Awareness, Responsiveness, and Communication with other Living Cells have not “evolved” because of their Survival Value for the Species. At a fundamental level, certain living characteristics or Nature is innate or implanted in Living Matter at the beginning or Origin of Life. The Living Substance or Matter known as Cytoplasm or Protoplasm has implanted or innate Nature of Compassion.

Rudranarasimham Rebbapragada

BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

Spiritualism and Knowledge of Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – the New Synthesis (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism – Psychoanalysis and Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)
Whole Dude – Whole Compassion (wholedude.com)
Spiritualism – Spiritual Being and Self-realization (bhavanajagat.com)

WHAT IS MAN? – HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR

WHAT IS MAN? – HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR : “SARVESHAM SVASTIR BHAVATU”

Vitruvian-Man-Spiritualism-Human Nature and Human Behavior — **What is Man? The Vitruvian Man c. 1492. The painting by Leonardo da Vinci displays Spirit of Scientific Inquiry. I make distinction between Human Nature and Human Behavior.**

What is Man? The motivation for asking this question comes from a statement expressed in Sanskrit language :

WHAT IS MAN? THE MOTIVATION FOR ASKING THE QUESTION COMES FROM SHANTI MANTRA PROMOTING FINDING OF PEACE, HARMONY, AND TRANQUILITY IN MAN'S LIVING EXPERIENCE. — **WHAT IS MAN? THE MOTIVATION FOR ASKING THE QUESTION COMES FROM SHANTI MANTRA PROMOTING FINDING OF PEACE, HARMONY, AND TRANQUILITY IN MAN’S LIVING EXPERIENCE.**

“Sarvesham Svastir Bhavatu”, Shanti Mantra in Sanskrit seeks the well-being of all humans, of all races, of all religions, of all cultures, and of all nations. It promotes finding of Peace, Harmony, and Tranquility in Man’s Living Experience.

Our efforts to support the well-being of Man get affected by our understanding the ‘real’ or ‘true’ nature of Man. I recognize Man’s Existence with Six Forms or Dimensions. These are, 1. the Physical Being described by Human Anatomy, Human Physiology and other Medical Sciences, the human being in health and sickness, 2. the Mental Being, the intellect, thoughts and emotional states of Man described by Psychology and Psychiatry, 3. the Social Being described by Social Sciences, 4. the Moral Being described by Moral Science and Ethics, the power of discernment used by Man to make distinction between good and evil, and right and wrong, 5. the Spiritual Being described by Vital Power, Animating /Sensible Properties, and Conscious/Cognitive abilities of Man’s Corporeal Substance that develops and builds the cells, tissues, and organs of Human Body.

**WHAT IS MAN? HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR. MAN’S SPIRITUAL NATURE IS DISPLAYED BY ALTRUISTIC BEHAVIOR OF HIS RED BLOOD CELLS.**

I try to know Spiritual Dimension of Human Nature by observing functional relationships facilitating interactions of cells, tissues, and organs making up the human organism. For Man is Multicellular organism, Human Nature gets reflected in the biotic interactions of cells, tissues, and organs because of whose functions Man lives in the world. While the cells are Independent, Individual entities, their functional activity is characterized by Mutual Assistance, Mutual Cooperation, Mutual Tolerance, and Mutual Subordination to provide benefit to Man. And lastly, Man’s Identity and Individuality establish him as Created Being, one of its own kind, original, unique and distinctive.

These Six Dimensions of Man contribute to six kinds of Behavior of Man; the physical, mental, social, moral, spiritual and creative facets of Behavior. For example, muscle cell displays the behavior of contraction in response to a stimulus; it is able to contract because of its contractile nature which gives it the power of contracting. I account for Spiritual Dimension of Human Nature as that of generating Singular, Harmonious Effect in the working of trillions of cells giving Man power or ability to perform his living functions such as Respiration and display his characteristic Behaviors like Feeding, and Reproduction.

HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND ENVIRONMENT :

B.F.Skinner-Theory of Human Nature and Human Behavior — What is Man? Burrhus Frederick Skinner( 1904 – 1990 ), Professor of Psychology at Harvard University( 1948 – 1974 ) proposes empirical study of human behavior as the only way to arrive at a true theory of human nature. He published several books, The Behavior of Organisms:An Experimental Analysis(1938), Science and Human Behavior(1953), and Verbal Behavior(1957).

B. F. Skinner studied Behavior and the environmental causes of Behavior mediated through conditioning mechanisms. In his opinion, all Behavior is function of environmental variables. He proposes a thesis of ‘Universal Determinism, and thinks that every human event including all human choices has a set of preceding environmental causes.

**WHAT IS MAN? HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR. HUMAN BEHAVIOR IS CONDITIONED BY EXTERNAL INFLUENCES OF MATERIAL NATURE.**

**WHAT IS MAN? HUMAN NATURE vs HUMAN BEHAVIOR. THERE ARE FIVE FACTORS TO ACCOUNT FOR HUMAN ACTIONS AND BEHAVIOR.**

In Indian tradition, the Bhagavad Gita explains the relation between Human Behavior and Environment or ‘Prakriti’. Chapter XIV, verse 5 states : “Sattvam, rajas, tama iti gunah prakriti sambhavah”, the modes of Human Behavior such as Sattva( the mode of goodness ), Rajas( the mode of passion ), and Tamas( the mode of ignorance ) generated by the interactions between Man and the environment in which he lives. At the same time, Indian tradition makes a very clear distinction between true Human Nature and the three modes of Human Behavior. The real, or true Man is identified by Spiritual attributes of Human Nature.

The Bhagavad Gita in Chapter XVIII, verse 20 claims that all living entities share a single reality even while they are divided into innumerable forms( “Sarva bhutesu yenaikam bhavam avyayam iksate” ) and directs us to recognize that Spiritual Nature as the true reality that is common to different living forms.

Skinner gives attention to the external causes or influences that generate or modify Human Behavior. Skinner avoids the study of Innate or Intrinsic Cause of Behavior. He gives no importance to the role of Heredity in Human Behavior. This internal influence on organism’s behavior is not directly observable and an experimenter cannot manipulate such internal influences to conduct experimental studies of Behavior. Skinner’s findings about external influences and environmental conditioning mechanisms explain several aspects of Human behavior but they do not explain the relationship between Human Behavior and Human Existence. To understand Human Existence, we have to learn about the Nature of Man’s Substance and the Behavior of cells, tissues, and organs which formulate Structure and Functions of Man as a Living Thing.

Man is a very complex living organism showing structural differentiation with functional organization of numerous independent, individual cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. These specialized functions of tissues and organs are possible because of the functional subordination of the cells to the requirements of the organism as a whole. In other words, the specialized functions of tissues and organs could be described as ‘altruistic’ behavior, a behavior that promotes the well-being and appears to favor the individual’s chances of survival and reproduction.

Man may exhibit Behavior under the influence of environment and may act in the Modes of Behavior such as goodness(Sattva), passion(Rajas), or ignorance(Tamas), but his existence is made possible by his Innate Human Nature which as internal or intrinsic guiding influence or controlling mechanism determines the characteristics of biotic interactions between cells, tissues, organs and organ systems of his own body.

Rudra Narasimham Rebbapragada,

BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

Spiritualism – the Key to Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)
Spiritualism and Knowledge of Human Nature (bhavanajagat.com)

WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN

WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN

For purposes of brevity and convenience, I am using the term ‘Man’ to describe Human Being that can be either Male or Female. In Indian tradition, Lord Shiva represents God both Male and Female at one and same time. Human Genome, both Male and Female always carries Female Principle derived from Egg Cell.This Man cannot be divided into Perishable Body and Imperishable Soul or Spirit. As per Fundamental Laws of Conservation of Matter and Energy, Matter is neither created nor destroyed. It may be said that God pervades all material objects with no exception.

**What is Man ? – Six Dimensions of Man. It is incorrect to divide Man into Perishable Body and Imperishable Soul. God is the Ultimate Source of both Perishable and Imperishable.On bhavanajagat.com**

The division or separation of Man into Body,Mind, and Soul or three entities such as Gross Body, Causal Body, and Spiritual Body leads to misinterpretation of information about Man that is verified by Science. The Physical Reality of Man represents Unity of Body, Mind, and Soul.

**What is Man ? – Six Dimensions of Man. The Division of Man into Body, Mind, and Soul is incorrect. The Physical Reality of Man represents Unity of Body, Mind, and Soul.On bhavanajagat.com**

MAN IS CONSTITUTED BY SINGLE, FERTILIZED EGG CELL

**What is Man ? – Six Dimensions of Man. The entire Human Organism is derived from Growth, Division, Development, and Differentiation of Single, Fertilized Egg Cell.**On bhavanajagat.com

Man is derived from Single, Fertilized Egg Cell which grows, develops, divides and differentiates to create the complex human organism. All the cells of human body are essentially like the Egg Cell or Fertilized Ovum from which they are derived. The cells of human body can vary in size and shape but all of them carry the same genome in structure called Nucleus and similar living matter called Cytoplasm.

**What is Man ? – Six Dimensions of Man. Identity and Individuality. Face Recognition is an important dimension of Human Identity. Each Person can be recognized as Specific Individual.On bhavanajagat.com**

For Body is divisible into numerous parts and yet the Same, derived from Single Source, its relevant to describe Dimensions of Body to recognize Identity and Individuality of Human Subject. Using current Face Recognition technology, all Persons including identical twins can be recognized as Specific Individuals. I describe Six Dimensions of Man, and these are, 1. Physical Being, 2. Mental Being, 3. Social Being, 4. Moral Being, 5. Spiritual Being, and 6. Created Being.

WHAT IS MAN? MORTAL, PHYSICAL BEING

**WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN. PHYSICAL, MORTAL BEING DOES NOT GIVE FULL ACCOUNT OF MAN’S EXPERIENCE OF HIS LIVING CONDITION CALLED LIFE.**

Man is Physical, Mortal Being. But that Dimension of Man does not represent full account of Man’s Experience of His Living Condition called Life.

MAN IS PHENOMENAL BEING:

Man’s existence is synchronized with changes in external environment. Man varies his Living Functions to synchronize his Existence with alternating periods of Light called Day and Darkness called Night. Man is constituted as Phenomenal Being for his Existence is conditioned by Change; Earth is constantly moving and is not in the same position at any two given instants.

WHAT IS MAN? MAN IS PHYSICAL BEING:

What is Man ? – Six Dimensions of Man. Physical, Mortal Being called Man is governed by Eternal Law of Aging. The Physical Dimension of Man is Subject to Constant Change under external influence of Time.

Man is constituted as Physical Being governed by Eternal Law of Aging. The Physical Dimension of Man is Subject to Constant Change under external influence of Time.

WHAT IS MAN? MAN IS MENTAL BEING:

**WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN. SON OF MAN. BEHOLD THE MAN. LOOK AT THIS MAN! (JOHN 19:5). MAN IS MENTAL BEING. HE KNOWS GOD’S MIND, HIS PURPOSE IN LIFE.**

Man is constituted as Mental Being. He knows God’s Mind and hence has ability to discover God’s Purpose in Man’s Life.

WHAT IS MAN? MAN IS SOCIAL BEING:

**WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN. BEHOLD THE MAN. LOOK AT THIS MAN! (JOHN 19:5) MAN IS SOCIAL BEING FOR HE HAS FATHER IN HEAVEN.**

Man is constituted as Social Being and his existence demands Biological Parents, and Social Community. Man is Social Being for He has Father in Heaven.

WHAT IS MAN? MAN IS MORAL BEING:

**WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN. BEHOLD THE MAN. LOOK AT THIS MAN! (JOHN 19:5) MAN IS MORAL BEING, ALWAYS BOUND BY DIVINE LAW. NOT FREE TO LIVE THROUGH SIN. THE LAW OF SIN DOESN’T GIVE LIFE.**

Man is constituted as Moral Being with discerning abilities to know Right and Wrong and make distinction between Good and Evil. Man is always bound by Divine Law. Man is not Free to Live through Sin. The Law of Sin and Death doesn’t give Life.

WHAT IS MAN? MAN IS SPIRITUAL BEING:

Man cannot entirely account for the Reality of His own Physical Existence in Natural World. Spirit or Soul constitutes Man as Spiritual Being. ‘The Creation itself will be Liberated from its Bondage to Decay and brought into the glorious Freedom of the Children of God'(ROMANS 8:21).

WHAT IS MAN? MAN IS CREATED BEING:

**WHO IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN. MAN IS CREATED BEING FOR MAN’S EXISTENCE HAS ULTIMATE CAUSE, ULTIMATE SOURCE AND ULTIMATE RESTING PLACE.**

Man’s Existence is Personification of Ultimate Cause, Ultimate Source and Ultimate Resting Place of all that Exists.

MAN AND LORD GOD CREATOR:

**WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN. TO ACCOUNT FOR PHYSICAL REALITY OF HIS OWN EXISTENCE, MAN TRIES TO KNOW HIS LORD GOD CREATOR OR MAHADEVA OF INDIAN TRADITION.**

To account for Physical Reality of His own Existence, Man tries to know His LORD God Creator or MAHADEVA of Indian tradition.Man using his limited knowledge and reasoning abilities may define His relationship with LORD God Creator describing or attributing Special Forms such as Creator (Lord BRAHMA), Sustainer (Lord Vishnu), and Destroyer (Lord Shiva).

MAN AND BIOGENETIC LAW:

WHAT IS MAN ? – SIX DIMENSIONS OF MAN. NEWBORN BABY ALWAYS ARRIVES WITH UNIQUE, ORIGINAL, DISTINCTIVE, ONE OF ITS OWN KIND OF GENOME THAT NEVER EXISTED IN THE PAST AND WILL NEVER AGAIN EXIST IN FUTURE.

Man always arrives in the World as Individual with Individuality defined by Human Genome that is Original, One of its own kind, Unique, Distinctive, that never existed in the Past and will never again exist in Future.

For purposes of convenience, I divide man into two categories; 1. Self, and 2. The Knowing-Self. The first three dimensions of Man are more often expressed by category called Self and the last three dimensions of Man involve category called The Knowing-Self. However, it is important to know as to how Human Organism makes distinction between Self and Non-Self by study of Science called Immunology.

**What is Man ? – Six Dimensions of Man. How Does Human Organism Makes Distinction between Self and Non-Self. Molecular Basis of Human Identity.**

This organization of information about Man is important for millions of people all over the world who suffer from Diseases called Autoimmune Disorders in which Body’s Immune System attacks, damages, kills, and destroys its own cells, and tissues for it identifies them as NON-SELF or Foreign. Any discussion about Man’s Identity, subjects such as Self, Ego, and Subject called “I” have to include interpretation of information provided by Science called Immunology.

Rudranarasimham Rebbapragada
Ann Arbor, MI 48104-4162 USA
BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

**WHAT IS MAN ? HOW DOES HUMAN ORGANISM MAKES DISTINCTION BETWEEN SELF AND NON-SELF ? WHAT IS AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE/DISORDER ?**

From: PREM SABHLOK:

In Vedas Soul and Spirit are different. Mind is part of Gross body, Spirit is part of Kundalini in our spiritual body and Soul is in our Causal Body near the heart. Human beings are tri-ani-pada (three bodies in one). Soul is omniscience principle and contains the entire knowledge of Brahmjnan as contained in Vedas. Spirit is energy principle and on death merges with Cosmic energy and sum total of energy always remains constant. Mind is in gross body.and and gets knowledge through human senses and sense organs and in Yogic stage gets knowledge from Soul as. Human soul is vachispatiah i.e one can communicate with soul in Yogic stage after crossing Five Koshas. Human Soul is our Real self containing a-priori knowledge.

According to Vedas I am not a body but I have a Body. Thus human gross body is not our Real self. Guru Nanak Dev Ji was a self realized Brahmjnani and his each word was a Divine Message.

From: DEVINDER SINGH GULATI:

Is Self the same as soul? Is Self Spirit?

The Self is the immortal portion in human beings that survives death. The self (small ‘s’) on the other hand is the mortal self that comprises of mind, body, life-force, and the ego.

Every human knows that (s)he exists. She needs no further proof. Even animals are aware of their existence as they seek to preserve it. But there is a greater knowing. Sages throughout history have reported knowing in a more concrete way than the mental knowing that their real self is immortal. This knowing comes from identification with the Self.

When Guru Nanak was 27 years of age he identified with the Self. His contact with it henceforth was constant. This is called Self- realization.

Most interpreters of Gurbani make the following common mistakes:
1. That mind and spirit are the same thing.

2. That all consciousness can be spoken of as “mind”.

3. That all consciousness therefore is of a spiritual substance.

4. That the body is merely Matter, not conscious, therefore something quite different from the spiritual part of the nature.

Sri Aurobindo’s clarification on the subject in Letters on Yoga goes far to throw light on Spirit as distinct from Mind.

First, the spirit and the mind are two different things and should not be confused together. The mind is an instrumental entity or instrumental consciousness whose function is to think and perceive – the spirit is an essential entity or consciousness which does not need to think or perceive either in the mental or the sensory way, because whatever knowledge it has is direct or essential knowledge, svayaṃprakāśa.

Next, it follows that all consciousness is not necessarily of a spiritual make and it need not be true and is not true that the thing commanding and the thing commanded are the same, are not at all different, are of the same substance and therefore are bound or at least ought to agree together.

Third, it is not even true that it is the mind which is commanding the mind and finds itself disobeyed by itself. First, there are many parts of the mind, each a force in itself with its formations, functionings, interests, and they may not agree. One part of the mind may be spiritually influenced and like to think of the Divine and obey the spiritual impulse, another part may be rational or scientific or literary and prefer to follow the formations, beliefs or doubts, mental preferences and interests which are in conformity with its education and its nature. But quite apart from that, what was commanding in St. Augustine may very well have been the thinking mind or reason while what was commanded was the vital, and mind and vital, whatever anybody may say, are not the same. The thinking mind or buddhi lives, however imperfectly in man, by intelligence and reason. Vital, on the other hand, is a thing of desires, impulses, force-pushes, emotions, sensations, seekings after life-fulfilment, possession and enjoyment; these are its functions and its nature; – it is that part of us which seeks after life and its movements for their own sake and it does not want to leave hold of them if they bring it suffering as well as or more than pleasure; it is even capable of luxuriating in tears and suffering as part of the drama of life. What then is there in common between the thinking intelligence and the vital and why should the latter obey the mind and not follow its own nature? The disobedience is perfectly normal instead of being, as Augustine suggests, unintelligible. Of course, man can establish a mental control over his vital and in so far as he does it he is a man, – because the thinking mind is a nobler and more enlightened entity and consciousness than the vital and ought, therefore, to rule and, if the mental will is strong, can rule. But this rule is precarious, incomplete and held only by much self-discipline. For if the mind is more enlightened, the vital is nearer to earth, more intense, vehement, more directly able to touch the body. There is too a vital mind which lives by imagination, thoughts of desire, will to act and enjoy from its own impulse and this is able to seize on the reason itself and make it its auxiliary and its justifying counsel and supplier of pleas and excuses. There is also the sheer force of Desire in man which is the vital’s principal support and strong enough to sweep off the reason, as the Gita says, “like a boat on stormy waters”, nāvamivāmbhasi.

Finally, the body obeys the mind automatically in those things in which it is formed or trained to obey it, but the relation of the body to the mind is not in all things that of an automatic perfect instrument. The body also has a consciousness of its own and, though it is a submental instrument or servant consciousness, it can disobey or fail to obey as well. In many things, in matters of health and illness for instance, in all automatic functionings, the body acts on its own and is not a servant of the mind. If it is fatigued, it can offer a passive resistance to the mind’s will. It can cloud the mind with tamas, inertia, dullness, fumes of the subconscient so that the mind cannot act. The arm lifts, no doubt, when it gets the suggestion, but at first the legs do not obey when they are asked to walk; they have to learn how to leave the crawling attitude and movement and take up the erect and ambulatory habit. When you first ask the hand to draw a straight line or to play music, it can’t do it and won’t do it. It has to be schooled, trained, taught, and afterwards it does automatically what is required of it. All this proves that there is a body-consciousness which can do things at the mind’s order, but has to be awakened, trained, made a good and conscious instrument. It can even be so trained that a mental will or suggestion can cure the illness of the body. But all these things, these relations of mind and body, stand on the same footing in essence as the relation of mind to vital and it is not so easy or primary a matter as Augustine would have it.

This puts the problem on another footing with the causes more clear and, if we are prepared to go far enough, it suggests the way out, the way of yoga.

P.S. All this is quite apart from the contributing and very important factor of plural personality of which psychological enquiry is just beginning rather obscurely to take account. That is a more complex affair.

*http://www.aurobindo.ru/ workings/sa/22/0005_e.htm#vi

DOOMED GUN OF DOOM DOOMA – NIXON-KISSINGER VIETNAM TREASON

DOOMED GUN OF DOOM DOOMA – NIXON-KISSINGER VIETNAM TREASON

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. US Rifle M14. President befriends Enemy denying opportunity to fight Enemy.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. United States Rifle M14. President befriends Enemy.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. US Army Rifle M14. President befriends Enemy while Men are fighting and bleeding.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. US Rifle M14 Witnessed Historical Process. President befriends Enemy I am destined to Oppose.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. US Rifle M14. DoomSayer Predestined. President during War, befriends Enemy.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. Good, Reliable Service Weapon Not Put into Use by Doomed Presidency.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. US Rifle M14 Relic of Doomed Presidency. President withdraws from Battle exposing Men to Harm.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. Couldn’t use it to fight against Enemy as President befriended Enemy.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. President’s Treacherous Deviation From State Policy while Nation is at War.

DOOMED GUN OF DOOM DOOMA – NIXON-KISSINGER VIETNAM TREASON

In 1971, I was first introduced to United States Rifle, 7.62mm, M14. I describe it as ‘Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma’ where I had opportunity to join US War on Communism. However, Nixon-Kissinger US administration flatly denied me that opportunity. Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason forced me to reject United States Rifle, M14. This Gun is Doomed for it is given to me to use against Enemy whom US President befriended in Treacherous Deviation of US Policy on Communism.

Rudranarasimham Rebbapragada

Ann Arbor, MI 48104-4162 USA

SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE

NIXON-KISSINGER TREASON IN VIETNAM – REMEMBERING JANUARY 23, 1973

... were also wounded 40 us involvement in the war ends january 23 1973

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason.

On January 23, 1973, President Nixon announced about ‘The Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam’ popularly known as Paris Peace Accords. This Vietnam Peace Treaty was signed on January 27, 1973 with cease-fire effective from January 28, 1973. Nixon-Kissinger are guilty of treason in Vietnam for President Nixon won his election for first-term in 1968, and later won his election for second-term in 1972 by using Vietnam War for political gain and not to serve the purpose of the United States which was at War actively fighting against enemy. For all practical purposes, ‘The Fate of Saigon’, and ‘The Fall of Saigon’ on April 30, 1975 was decisively concluded on January 23, 1973.

THE WASHINGTON POST

SECRET ARCHIVE OFFERS FRESH INSIGHT INTO NIXON PRESIDENCY

#yiv5160397915 .yiv5160397915hidetext{position:absolute;}

By David E. Hoffman October 11 at 9:29 AM

The Post’s Bob Woodward, author of the new book, “The Last of the President’s Men,” talks to former Nixon aide Alexander Butterfield about a previously undisclosed top-secret memo updating Nixon on war developments. (Ultan Guilfoyle and Tom LeGro/The Washington Post)

President Richard Nixon believed that years of aerial bombing in Southeast Asia to pressure North Vietnam achieved “zilch” even as he publicly declared it was effective and ordered more bombing while running for reelection in 1972, according to a handwritten note from Nixon disclosed in a new book by Bob Woodward.

Nixon’s note to Henry Kissinger, then his national security adviser, on Jan. 3, 1972, was written sideways across a top-secret memo updating the president on war developments. Nixon wrote: “K. We have had 10 years of total control of the air in Laos and V.Nam. The result = Zilch. There is something wrong with the strategy or the Air Force.”

The day before he wrote the “zilch” note, Nixon was asked about the military effectiveness of the bombing by Dan Rather of CBS News in an hour-long, prime-time television interview. “The results have been very, very effective,” Nixon declared.

Nixon’s private assessment was correct, Woodward writes: The bombing was not working, but Nixon defended and intensified it in order to advance his reelection prospects. The claim that the bombing was militarily effective “was a lie, and here Nixon made clear that he knew it,” Woodward writes.

Nixon’s note, which has not previously been disclosed, was found in a trove of thousands of documents taken from the White House by Alexander P. Butterfield, deputy to H.R. Haldeman, Nixon’s chief of staff, and not made public until now. Butterfield’s odyssey through Nixon’s first term is the subject of Woodward’s book, “The Last of the President’s Men,” to be published Tuesday by Simon & Schuster.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason.

Richard Nixon performs the last acts of his devastated presidency in the White House East Room on Aug. 9, 1974, as he bids farewell to his Cabinet, aides and staff. (AP)

Butterfield became a key figure in the Watergate scandal when he revealed to Senate investigators the existence of the White House taping system. The tapes captured Nixon’s role in the coverup and marked a critical turning point in the collapse of his presidency. He resigned in 1974. Woodward and Carl Bernstein exposed the Watergate story in The Washington Post.

The new book, based on the documents and more than 46 hours of interviews with Butterfield, offers an intimate but disturbing portrayal of Nixon in the Oval Office. Butterfield depicts Nixon, who died in 1994, as forceful and energetic, but also vengeful, petty, lonely, shy and paranoid.

Butterfield felt deeply conflicted; he was proud to be serving but chagrined to be caught up in the underside of Nixon’s presidency. “The whole thing was a cesspool,” he told Woodward.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. Nixon Staffer Alexander Butterfield.

Alexander Butterfield is photographed in Washington, D.C., on Oct. 10. (Nikki Kahn/The Washington Post)

Butterfield, now 89, was in charge of preventing other Nixon staffers from leaving the White House with government documents, but he saw many, including the late Nixon counselor Arthur Burns, haul away boxes when they left.

Butterfield anticipated writing a memoir, so when he left the White House in 1973, “I just took my boxes of stuff and left,” he told Woodward, packing them into his and his wife’s car. Woodward writes that the boxes contained everything from routine chronologies and memos to some top-secret exchanges with Kissinger and a few highly classified CIA bulletins.

The new book by The Post’s Bob Woodward, “The Last of the President’s Men,” is based on previously undisclosed documents and more than 46 hours of interviews with Alexander Butterfield, the Nixon aide who revealed the existence of the White House taping system. (Ultan Guilfoyle and Tom LeGro/The Washington Post)

Butterfield acknowledged to Woodward that it was improper and wrong to remove them, and pledged to ensure that they will be deposited with a proper archive.

Woodward, who wrote that he thought the Nixon story was over for him after his book on Mark Felt, the FBI associate director and secret source known as Deep Throat, said he was “shocked” at the existence of Butterfield’s secret files. “So the story, like most of history, does not end,” he writes.

‘SHAKE THEM UP!!’

The Vietnam War had been all-consuming for Nixon’s presidency. The antiwar movement was strong in the United States, and Nixon was under political pressure to end the conflict. The centerpiece of Nixon’s approach was “Vietnamization”: withdraw U.S. troops so the South Vietnamese could take over, and negotiate a peace settlement “with honor,” avoiding anything that could be labeled a defeat.

As ground troops withdrew, air power was one of Nixon’s few remaining tools to pressure Hanoi. In late December 1971, Nixon ordered renewed bombing of North Vietnamese targets for five days.

By early 1972, Nixon was on the verge of announcing his reelection campaign and taking his momentous trip to China. But he was worried about reports of a major North Vietnamese buildup, foreshadowing a possible offensive.

On Jan. 2, 1972, in the CBS television interview, Rather asked Nixon, “On everyone’s mind is the resumption of the widespread bombing of North Vietnam. Can you assess the military benefits of that?” Nixon reiterated what he had often said about the bombing, that it was “very, very effective,” and added, “I think that effectiveness will be demonstrated by the statement I am now going to make.” Nixon then announced that he would soon bring home more troops — virtually removing any U.S. combat force in Vietnam.

The next day, writing his private thoughts to Kissinger, Nixon added, “There is something wrong with the strategy or the Air Force. I want a ‘bark-off’ study — no snow job — on my desk in two weeks as to what the reason for the failure is.” Nixon added that “otherwise continued air operations make no sense in Cambodia, Laos, etc. after we complete withdrawal — Shake them up!!” Nixon underlined the last words twice.

Woodward said he could find no evidence that the study was ever carried out.

[How Mark Felt Became ‘Deep Throat’]

In another memo written a few months later, also found in the Butterfield files, Nixon complained to Kissinger that the military and bureaucracy were too timid. Nixon demanded action that is “strong, threatening and effective” to “punish the enemy” and “go for broke.” Nixon may also have been frustrated at North Vietnamese resilience. Woodward cites CIA, Defense Intelligence Agency and Pentagon memos showing that the bombing was not that effective because the North was getting more supplies than it needed to fight the ground war in the south, and could hold out for two years even if the bombing continued.

Kissinger, in an interview, told Woodward he agreed with the conclusion that years of bombing North Vietnam had failed, and he recalled that Nixon was frustrated. “He was in the habit of wanting more bombing . . . his instructions most often were for more bombing,” Kissinger said.

Woodward writes: “The ‘zilch’ conclusion had grown over three years. In what way and when did he realize this? History may never know. Maybe Nixon never knew, never grasped the full weight of his own conclusion.”

Woodward concludes that while Nixon knew the bombing was militarily futile, he believed it would reap political rewards at home. After Nixon resigned, papers found in his hideaway office in the White House included a GOP polling study, commissioned in 1969, that showed that the American people would favor bombing and blockading North Vietnam for six months. Woodward cites the work of Ken Hughes of the University of Virginia’s Miller Center to show that “the massive bombing did not do the job militarily but it was politically popular. Hughes argues with a great deal of evidence that the bombing was chiefly designed so Nixon would win re-election.”

[Woodward and Bernstein: Nixon was far worse than we thought]

The “zilch” note was followed in February by orders for intensified bombing of North Vietnam. On May 8, Nixon ordered the mining of Haiphong Harbor and bombing of key military targets. On Sept. 8, Nixon reported to Kissinger that poll numbers favored the bombing. “It’s two-to-one for bombing,” he boasted.

On Oct. 16, just weeks before the election, Nixon recalled the May 8 decision to mine the harbor and told Kissinger, “May 8 was the acid test. And how it’s prepared us for all these things. The election, for example.” Kissinger replied, “I think you won the election on May 8.” Nixon was reelected by a landslide in November.

In that election year, the United States dropped 1.1 million tons of bombs in the Vietnam War, including 207,000 tons in North Vietnam alone, Woodward reports, citing Pentagon records.

‘DEEP, DEEP RESENTMENTS’

Before joining the White House, Butterfield was a 42-year-old U.S. Air Force colonel with an assignment in Australia. After Nixon’s triumph in the 1968 election, Butterfield reached out to Haldeman, an acquaintance from their university years at UCLA. Haldeman then hired Butterfield as his White House deputy. Butterfield was an outsider, unlike many of the others around Nixon, and what he saw in the next four years left a vivid impression.

When Butterfield was introduced to the president in the Oval Office by Haldeman, Nixon mumbled, cleared his throat and gestured. “No words came out, only a kind of growl,” Woodward writes, based on Butterfield’s recollection. Another time, also in the White House, Nixon dropped by a birthday party for Paul Keyes, a comedy writer and Nixon friend who had helped on the 1968 campaign. When Nixon entered the room, there was an unnatural hush. No one offered a handshake or a glass of wine. Nixon seemed at a loss. Keyes was wearing a solid green blazer. “Ah, ah, ah . . . uh,” Nixon muttered, according to Woodward’s account. “Then Nixon pointed down at the carpet, a worn, faded maroon. He spoke in a deep but barely audible voice. ‘Green coat . . . red rug . . . Christmas colors.’ He then wheeled around and strode out of the room to the Oval Office.”

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason. Alexander Butterfield, July 02, 1974.

Alexander Butterfield, administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration, arrives at the Rayburn Building to testify before the Judiciary Committee in Washington, D.C., on July 2, 1974.
(Bob Burchette/The Washington Post)

Woodward says Butterfield felt that “Nixon was quickly becoming the oddest man he’d ever known.”

“It was if he were locked in his own deeply personal world, thinking, planning and churning,” Woodward writes of Butterfield’s impressions. Butterfield described Nixon as so lonely that he often took dinner by himself in the Old Executive Office Building, sitting with his suit coat still on, writing on his legal pad. “He was happiest when he was alone,” Butterfield recalled.

Nixon’s relationship with his wife, Pat, was cold, Butterfield observed. At the Winter White House, a compound in Key Biscayne, Fla., she stayed in a separate house.

On Christmas Eve 1969, Nixon walked through the Executive Office Building adjacent to the White House to wish employees a merry Christmas. The president discovered that some support staff employees had prominently displayed photographs of President John F. Kennedy — and that one worker had two. Nixon was furious and ordered Butterfield to remove all photos of other presidents. On Jan. 16, 1970, Butterfield wrote a memo to the president, titled “Sanitization of the EOB,” describing how all 35 offices displayed only Nixon’s photograph.

Alexander Butterfield, deputy assistant to President Richard Nixon, describes to The Post’s Bob Woodward how Nixon barred certain reporters from traveling with him to China in 1972. (Ultan Guilfoyle and Tom LeGro/The Washington Post)

Butterfield learned that Nixon did not just have an “enemies list” with dozens of names, but also an “opponents list” and a “freeze list.” One day Nixon exploded in anger after finding out that Derek Bok, then the president of Harvard University, was at the White House. “I don’t ever want that son of a bitch back here on the White House grounds,” he told Butterfield. “And you get those enemies lists, make sure everybody knows who’s on them.”

[Kissinger: the Dr. Frankenstein of foreign affairs, or just self-promoter?]

The president constantly scrutinized event invitation lists, striking names. Nixon organized a procedure with Butterfield so that during coffee after a state dinner, only a pre-selected group of five out of some 100 invited guests would get a chance to talk to the president. No one else could approach him.

Butterfield told Woodward that Nixon was controlled by “his various neuroses, the deep, deep, deep resentments and hatreds — he seemed to hate everybody. The resentments festered. And he never mellowed out.”

Butterfield did not know about the specifics of the Watergate break-in, but witnessed how Nixon’s obsessions led to it. At one point, Butterfield was given the assignment to plant a spy in the Secret Service detail of Sen. Edward M. Kennedy (D-Mass.). Nixon later mused that the spy — a retired agent who was reactivated — might find information that would “ruin him for ’76,” when Kennedy might be considered a possible presidential candidate. Butterfield knew the plan was illegal, and told Woodward that he was surprised at himself for going along with it.

Alexander Butterfield, deputy assistant to President Richard Nixon, talks to The Post’s Bob Woodward about revealing the existence of the White House taping system. (Ultan Guilfoyle and Tom LeGro/The Washington Post)

It fell to Butterfield to organize the White House taping system, installed at Nixon’s behest in February 1971. Although Nixon endlessly explored and sifted his options on most issues, Woodward reports that “there was apparently no discussion about the merits or risks of such a taping system.” It was installed over a weekend by the Secret Service while the president was out of town. Five microphones were put in the president’s desk, on the top, concealed with a coating of varnish. The lights on the mantel in the Oval Office also carried microphones, a place where Nixon often took guests, including heads of state, to chat. The microphones were connected to voice-activated tape recorders behind a metal door in the basement.

When the Watergate scandal broke, “I was thinking of the tapes the whole time,” Butterfield recalled. “God, if they only knew. If they only knew. In a way I wanted it to be known. In the deep recesses of my brain, I was eager to tell.” Woodward devotes several chapters to Butterfield’s personal struggle over whether to reveal the secret taping system, which Nixon thought would never be made public.

On the day of Nixon’s departure from the White House, Aug. 9, 1974, Butterfield saw many White House officials and workers weeping in the East Room. “I could not believe that people were crying in that room,” he told Woodward. “It was sad, yes. But justice had prevailed. Inside I was cheering. That’s what I was doing. I was cheering.”

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Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason.

Doomed Gun of Doom Dooma – Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason.

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PLANT PRIONS AND MEMORY FUNCTION

The study of plant prions and memory function may help understanding of cognitive impairment and memory loss associated with various neurological disorders characterized by formation of abnormal proteins in nerve cells or neurons.

Prions are investigated in the study of problems like Cognitive Impairment and Memory Loss associated with conditions like Alzheimer’s Disease. There is accumulation of proteins that are not properly formed due to defects in the folding process.

Rudranarasimham Rebbapragada
Ann Arbor, MI 48104-4162 USA
BHAVANAJAGAT.ORG

Decoded: This is how plants form memories of past events!

New Delhi: Prions are special proteins which help plants in collecting environmentalmemor ies and with their help plants also remember flowering and other natural processes, a new study has revealed.
According to the research, plants can form memories of past events and also make decisions with the aid of prions and then can pass this to their offspring.

A study authored by an Indian biologist, Sohini Chakrabortee, at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has discovered that even plants have memory cells. An analysis was done over 20,000 plants after which a special protein called prions was discovered that plays an essential role of neurons to form their environmental memories.
Under certain circumstances, these proteins known as prions fold and also make other proteins present around them to fold as well. The memories are then formed by the damage caused in this folding process.
Prions also play an important role in flowering of plants. They are very much capable of keeping information stored for a long duration of time. The present study in the Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences makes the role of prions in plants very clear.

http://www.indiatvnews.com/ buzz/life-decoded-this-is-how- plants-form-memories-of-past- events-326262

DOOM DOOMA DOOMSAYER – MY NIXON – FORD CONNECTION

DOOM DOOMA DOOMSAYER – MY NIXON-FORD CONNECTION

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection.

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection. Ford Presidential Library in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Nixon-Ford Presidency Doomed for not Playing ‘Tibet Card’.

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection. Presidency of Nixon and Ford Doomed for failing to Play ‘Tibet Card’.

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection. Ford Presidential Library in Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Nixon-Ford Presidency Doomed for not Playing ‘Tibet Card’.

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection. Nixon-Ford Presidency Doomed. Backstabber of Tibet Nation.

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection. Funeral Function symbolizes Doomed Presidency.

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection. Nixon-Ford Presidency Doomed for not Playing ‘Tibet Card’.

Doom Dooma DoomSayer – My Nixon-Ford Connection. Nixon-Ford Presidency Doomed by Nixon-Kissinger Vietnam Treason.

DOOM DOOMA DOOMSAYER – MY NIXON – FORD CONNECTION

I account for events in my life using the Doctrine of Predestination. On September 08, 1974, President Gerald R. Ford grants unconditional pardon to Richard M Nixon, 37th President of the United States of America. I served in Special Frontier Force during the presidency of Nixon and Ford. I live in Ann Arbor, Michigan where I have the opportunity to visit Gerald R. Ford’s Presidential Library on University of Michigan Campus.

In my opinion, President Ford’s pardon may not include Nixon’s Vietnam Treason. I cannot grant pardon to Nixon for he had never admitted his crime of Betrayal, Treachery in the conduct of Vietnam War. I still recognize Nixon as Backstabber of Tibet nation.

Rudranarasimham Rebbapragada

Ann Arbor, MI 48104-4162 USA

SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE

This Day in History: Ford pardons Nixon

- Author: History.com Staff

- URL: http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/ford-pardons-nixon
- Publisher: A+E Networks

In a controversial executive action, President Gerald Ford pardons his disgraced predecessor Richard Nixon for any crimes he may have committed or participated in while in office. Ford later defended this action before the House Judiciary Committee, explaining that he wanted to end the national divisions created by the Watergate scandal.

The Watergate scandal erupted after it was revealed that Nixon and his aides had engaged in illegal activities during his reelection campaign–and then attempted to cover up evidence of wrongdoing. With impeachment proceedings underway against him in Congress, Nixon bowed to public pressure and became the first American president to resign. At noon on August 9, Nixon officially ended his term, departing with his family in a helicopter from the White House lawn. Minutes later, Vice President Gerald R. Ford was sworn in as the 38th president of the United States in the East Room of the White House. After taking the oath of office, President Ford spoke to the nation in a television address, declaring, “My fellow Americans, our long national nightmare is over.”

Ford, the first president who came to the office through appointment rather than election, had replaced Spiro Agnew as vice president only eight months before. In a political scandal independent of the Nixon administration’s wrongdoings in the Watergate affair, Agnew had been forced to resign in disgrace after he was charged with income tax evasion and political corruption. Exactly one month after Nixon announced his resignation, Ford issued the former president a “full, free and absolute” pardon for any crimes he committed while in office. The pardon was widely condemned at the time.

Decades later, the John F. Kennedy Library Foundation presented its 2001 Profile in Courage Award to Gerald Ford for his 1974 pardon of Nixon. In pardoning Nixon, said the foundation, Ford placed his love of country ahead of his own political future and brought needed closure to the divisive Watergate affair. Ford left politics after losing the 1976 presidential election to Democrat Jimmy Carter. Ford died on December 26, 2006, at the age of 93.

Beijing’s doom is near – Just a stone’s throw away

The New Testament Book ‘REVELATION’, Chapter 18 gives full account of sudden, unexpected Fall of Evil Empire. Beijing’s Doom is Near – Just A Stone’s Throw Away.

Doom Dooma Doomsayer hints at Mao Zedong’s downfall

I say, “Mao Zedong Lives” for his Occupation of Tibet survives apart from his Single-Party governance of China that he has put in place shaping lives of millions of people.

I am a witness to his failure in 1971 when he failed to attack India to abort the Liberation of Bangladesh War. He was too busy plotting the murder of his Defence Secretary and purging top-ranking officials of People’s Liberation Army. I am a witness to his success in Vietnam War when he outmaneuvered Nixon-Kissinger who deserve equal credit for their Vietnam treason.

Mao Zedong Lives. Red China is still in Tibet. At this moment, China’s Communist Party appears to be invincible. However, I visualize Mao Zedong as the Queen of Babylon whose downfall is revealed in The New Testament Book REVELATION, Chapter 18, Verses 1-24. Mao Zedong’s Evil Red Empire awaits the Fate of Babylon revealed by Prophet John.

THE NATIONAL INTEREST BLOG:

SPECIAL FRONTIER FORCE vs THE EVIL RED EMPIRE: MAO ZEDONG or MAO TSE-TUNG PROCLAIMS THE FOUNDING OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN PEKING (BEIJING) ON OCTOBER 01, 1949. THIS NATION IS FOUNDED ON THE IDEOLOGY OF COMMUNISM FOLLOWING “RED REVOLUTION.” THIS RED CHINA IS AN EVIL EMPIRE FROM ITS BIRTH .

China’s Biggest History “What-If”: If Mao Zedong Died in 1949

Robert Farley

September 23, 2016

For thirty-seven years, Mao Zedong occupied a singular position atop the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), governing organization of the world’s largest country. For over a dozen years, Mao had led the CCP through wilderness (literally), fighting off factional opponents, the armies of Chiang Kai Shek, and the invading forces of the Empire of Japan. In the next decades, Mao would put a deep imprint on the politics and history of China, rarely for the good.

Modern scholarship on the history of the CCP has demonstrated that Mao rarely, if ever, had complete control over the Party machinery. He struggled through his entire tenure against competitors, both bureaucratic and ideological. Many of the decisions Mao made had strong support from the rest of the CCP, and emerged more from consensus that from authoritarian diktat. Nevertheless, the CCP and the People’s Republic of China (PRC) bore the special imprint of Mao’s ideological conviction and genius for infighting.

What if Mao had died in 1949, shortly after the declaration of the existence of the People’s Republic of China? How might China’s domestic and foreign policy have fared in the absence of the Great Helmsman?

Ideology and Factionalism:

For better or worse, Mao Zedong supplied a strong ideological foundation for the existence of the CCP, and for its provision of single-party control over the PRC. This melded a modified form of Marxist economic doctrine with Soviet state Leninism, leavened by a strong dose of anti-colonial thought. This ideological foundation, and the cult of personality that the CCP established around Mao, helped provide unity for the party and the state throughout the PRC’s early years, allowing it to weather such crises as the Korean War, the ongoing challenge of the survival of Chiang Kai Shek’s regime on Taiwan, and the Sino-Soviet Split. It also helped drive crises, including the Great Leap Forward, the aforementioned split with the USSR and the Cultural Revolution.

But Mao Zedong was far from the only important figure in the CCP in 1949. The struggle against Chiang and the Japanese had given many prominent commanders and administrators the chance to prove their worth. Other major political players in 1949 included Peng Dehuai, senior PLA commander; Liu Shaoqi, a key theorist and administrator; Zhou Enlai, Mao’s long-time right-hand man; Lin Biao, another senior commander and close confidant of Mao; Zhu De, founder of the PLA; Gao Gang, Bo Yibo, and Chen Yun, chief economic administrators; Deng Xiaoping, protégé of Liu Shaoqi, and Yang Shangkun, military and political leader during the Revolution.

Mao’s prominence among this group played an important role in stifling infighting; he could command sufficient legitimacy inside and outside the party that the other major players remained in check. It is unlikely that any other figure in the PRC could have provided the same degree of prestige and ideological heft. This would have made it difficult, at least in the early going, to pursue a “cult of personality” state-building strategy.

In Mao’s absence, the factions that formed around these prominent figures (and others) might have descended into open combat with one another. As is often the case with revolutionary insurgencies, the Chinese Communist Party was riven with factionalism even as it took power in Beijing in 1949. Different components of the People’s Liberation Army had fought entirely different wars, in different areas, with different tactics and organizational structures.

Powerbrokers within the CCP commanded the allegiance of portions of the PLA, which provided them with security from factional conflict. Without Mao to keep them in check, the PLA itself might have become embroiled in political infighting. Moreover, the USSR (which had substantial influence in the 1950s) might have decided to support one faction or another, leading to even more fighting.

Domestic Policy:

Mao Zedong was the primary driver behind the Great Leap Forward, a project designed to spur industrialization but that instead resulted in massive famine. Mao wasn’t alone; much of the rest of the CCP supported, or at least acquiesced, in the project. However, Mao’s idiosyncratic views on expertise, and his faith in the power of the peasantry, made the Great Leap much worse than it otherwise might have been. In the end, millions died in a campaign that Liu Shaoqi himself declared resulted from “70% human error.” The Great Leap also resulted in the purging of Peng Dehuai (critic of Mao), and the sidelining of Mao from the day-to-day domestic decision-making process. Under the guidance of Liu Shaoqi or similar figure, China would likely not have embarked on such a risky, dangerous course towards modernization, and millions might have lived.

The sidelining of Mao after the Great Leap Forward helped set the stage for the next great upheaval. The Cultural Revolution did not spring fully formed from the mind of Mao Zedong, but he did drive most of its main elements, and the ideological brew it created benefitted Mao at the expense of his competitors. Mao fueled the sense of ideological resentment among a younger generation of Chinese students in order to break the back of the parts of the CCP that opposed him and that, in the early 1960s, had worked hard to sideline him. The impact was dreadful in nearly every way imaginable; millions died, Chinese state capacity atrophied, science and innovation slowed, and the PRC withdrew from the international community. While some of the underlying tensions in China would have existed even without Mao, he played a key role in activating those tensions, and creating a political disaster of epic proportions. Without Mao, China might not have lost an entire decade of economic, social, and technical progress.

Foreign Relations:

The PRC stood in precarious position in the wake of its declaration. The Republic of China, led by Chiang Kai Shek, remained in existence on Formosa, with the United States acting as apparent security guarantor. The Soviet Union offered ideological, military, and economic support, but at the price of full alignment. For a decade, the PRC took this deal. The Soviets supplied support for Chinese military operations in Korea, and helped lay the foundation for the PRC’s military-industrial complex. The Soviets also helped jumpstart China’s nuclear weapons program.

In 1956, Nikita Khrushchev’s turn against Stalin’s cult of personality cut hard into Mao’s own ideological foundation. Tensions increased as China and the USSR pursued divergent approaches to confrontation with the West; Mao preferred taking risks, while Khrushchev wanted to play it safe. Mao had managed to maintain control over the greater part of the foreign policy apparatus of the PRC, giving him ample space to carry out a feud with the USSR. While other voices within China also resented the Soviets, Mao’s ideological convictions, along with his special role at the top of the CCP, helped poison Sino-Soviet relations and bring about a dramatic split between the two countries.

Ten years later, Mao would override many of the rest of the senior leadership (Lin Biao, longtime confidant, died under suspicious circumstances) to seek an opening with the United States. This decision, which permanently detached China from the increasingly moribund USSR and paved the way for opening the PRC’s economy and society, remains Mao’s most meaningful positive contribution to China’s success. Without Mao, the PRC might have pursued Lin Biao’s preferred policy of re-engaging with the Soviet Union.

Parting Thoughts:

China would have struggled to emerge from civil war and its agrarian roots regardless of who guided the ship of state. The establishment of the cult of personality around Mao undoubtedly helped prevent some nasty conflicts between the leaders of the CCP, and assured a degree of unity against foreign foes. But it also gave Mao Zedong, a man with a special talent for human misery, the ability to guide the destinies of hundreds of millions of people for several decades.

ROBERT FARLEY, a frequent contributor to TNI, is author of The Battleship Book. He serves as a Senior Lecturer at the Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce at the University of Kentucky. His work includes military doctrine, national security, and maritime affairs. He blogs at Lawyers, Guns and Money and Information Dissemination and The Diplomat.

Image: The portrait of Mao Zedong at the Tiananmen Gate. Wikimedia

Frenez Dennys, & Massimo Vidale, 2012, Harappan Chimaeras as ‘Symbolic Hypertexts’. Some Thoughts on Plato, Chimaera and the Indus Civilization

S. Kalyanaraman, 2016, Harappa Script & Language: Data mining of Corpora, tantra yukti & knowledge discovery of a civilization, Amazon

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WHAT IS MAN? – SPIRITUALITY AND SELF-REALIZATION:

HUMAN BIRTH IS A DIVINE PHENOMENON:

CREATION AND SELF-REALIZATION:

1. First Stage of Self-Realization – The Establishment of Knowledge or JNANAMOYA:

2. The Second Stage of Self-Realization or The Establishment of Vital Functions, PRANAMOYA:

3. The Third Stage of Self-Realization or The Establishment of Nutrition, ANNAMOYA:

4. The Fourth Stage of Self-Realization or The Establishment of ‘The Knowing-Self’, VIJNANAMOYA:

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SECRET ARCHIVE OFFERS FRESH INSIGHT INTO NIXON PRESIDENCY

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Author: History.com Staff

URL: http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/ford-pardons-nixon

Publisher: A+E Networks

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THE NATIONAL INTEREST BLOG:

China’s Biggest History “What-If”: If Mao Zedong Died in 1949

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